Cockroaches as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Potential Sentinels of Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria in Ugandan Communities: A Retrospective Analysis

Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background: Cockroaches could play a role in the transmission dynamics of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria (ARB) at variable interfaces Ugandan communities, acting as both reservoirs and vectors. This study investigated burden diversity ARB carried by cockroaches human settlements Uganda, so to understand their spread these pathogens potential sentinels antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance programs. Materials Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on two unpublished studies Makerere University students. Study one sampled 58 110 cockroaches, respectively, from secondary schools Kampala. Cockroach species identification determined based physical characteristics. Bacterial isolation characterization were performed through microbiological analyses including standard culture methods, biochemical tests, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS), disc diffusion method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Majority (over 80%) Periplaneta americana. Multidrug (MDR) prevalent among isolates, with over 30% isolates being resistant three or more antibiotic classes. Specifically, MDR 90%) rampant extended spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL)– AmpC‐producing Escherichia coli enterococci isolates. Critical World Health Organization (WHO) priority pathogens, such ESBL‐/AmpC‐producing Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem‐resistant E. , also identified. The most abundant determinants (tetracycline sulphonamide) tetA, sul1, sul2 for tetM tetL enterococci. Conclusion: findings accentuate cockroaches: (1) transmitting multidrug‐resistant human–animal–environment interface (2) community‐generated AMR.

Language: Английский

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Genomic Insights Into a Strong Biofilm‐Forming Enterococcus faecalis MTR_EFS01 Strain Isolated From a Shrimp in Bangladesh

Animal Research and One Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis is known for its ability to form strong biofilms and role as an opportunistic pathogen. In this study, we screened characterized a multidrug‐resistant (MDR) biofilm‐forming E. isolate obtained from shrimp sample determine genetic diversity, molecular epidemiology, underlying factors associated with antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) virulence factor (VFGs). The MTR_EFS01 strain was isolated using culturing, staining, biochemical tests MALDI‐TOF methods. MDR profile of the determined through disk diffusion test. complete genomic sequence Illumina NextSeq2000 platform. de novo assembly genome revealed total length 2,862,301 bp 80.0 × coverage. This comprised 38 contigs, G + C content 37.4%, identified two CRISPR arrays, seven prophages, 55 RNA genes. classified ST862 high pathogenicity index 0.896. harbored eight ARGs conferring tetracycline, erythromycin, trimethoprim, efflux pumps. Furthermore, 27 VFGs were in strain, linked antiphagocytosis, adherence, biofilm formation, enzymes, immune invasion. Metabolic functional analysis that our had 243 subsystems, most abundant carbohydrate metabolism, amino acids derivatives, protein metabolism. findings study underscore importance continuous monitoring, research, collaborative efforts address growing threat pathogens diverse settings.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial potential and stability of Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived bacteriocins against multidrug-resistant common foodborne pathogens

Applied Food Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100728 - 100728

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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From Farm to Community: Dispersal of Potentially Pathogenic Staphylococcus and Mammaliicoccus Species and Antimicrobial Resistance Across Shared Environments

Current Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 82(3)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial resistance dynamics among broiler and duck intensive production systems

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge requiring cross-sector action, with research largely focused on chickens, leaving ducks underexplored. This study examines AMR dynamics in Ross 308 broilers and Cherry Valley over 15 months stocking periods under consistent rearing conditions. A total of 96 pooled samples were collected: 50 from broiler farms (26 biological, 24 environmental) 46 duck (24 22 environmental). Using next-generation shotgun sequencing, 3,665 distinct types identified: 1,918 1,747 ducks. Host-specific AMRs comprised 25.3% 18% ducks, while 56.7% shared. diversity declined across production phases, losing 641 308, yet frequencies increased significantly by the finisher phase ( p < 0.0001). Based silico data, prophylactic antibiotic use reduced prevalence multidrug-resistant bacteria both poultry species 0.05). Hospital-acquired infection-associated higher than at start but end period Above-average markers accounted for approximately 10% all detected determinants. Tetracycline phenicol resistances emerged as most prevalent. 13 high-resistance carrier (HRC) shared between hosts. Broiler-specific HRCs exhibited abundances (relative frequency: 0.08) duck-specific 0.003, = 0.035). The grower critical intervention point. In farm environments broiler-specific 9 biomarker identified, each strongly correlated poultry-core (correlation coefficient > 0.7). Broiler key genes, tetracycline predominantly associated Bacteroides coprosuis , Pasteurella multocida Acinetobacter baumannii . Despite its limitations, this provides insights into trends two major types, guiding targeted interventions sustainable management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Threats across boundaries: the spread of ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and its challenge to the “one health” concept

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

β-lactam antibiotics are essential medications for treating human diseases. The spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) exists globally in multiple reservoirs and the natural environment poses an immense threat to public health. Plasmid incompatibility groups, such as IncFIA, IncI1, IncY, IncFIB, IncN, IncFIC, IncX4, IncB/O/K/Z, IncHI1/2, IncA/C, which exist humans, animals, environment, carrying bla CTX-M, TEM, SHV genes. ISEcp1 upstream orf477 downstream CTX-M genes, well other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) IS903 IS26, involved capturing mobilizing antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). CTX-M-15 gene is most common among all discussed reservoirs. environmental reservoir propagation mode ESBL-PE increasing difficult control. reasons include but not limited bacterial adaptability horizontal transfer (HGT) mediated by MGEs plasmids. Conjugation a pathway HGT that almost uncontrollable. plasmids Tn3, IS1380 families, IncK, IncN facilitating This review highlights need monitor trends antimicrobial resistance (AMR) environment. Therefore, policies antibiotic management plans, training healthcare providers and/or patients, cautious use antibiotics, epidemiological networks, pre-travel consultations, World Health Organization (WHO) infection control biosafety guidelines, intervention measures considered desirable.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the transfer and persistence of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture using a model teleost gut system

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Abstract Background The development, progression, and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are determined by interlinked human, animal, environmental drivers, which pose severe risks to human livestock health. Conjugative plasmid transfer drives the rapid AMR among bacteria. In addition judicious use implementation stewardship programs, mitigating spread antibiotic requires an understanding dynamics microbial communities, as well role various taxa potential reservoirs that promote long-term persistence. Here, we employed Hi-C, a high-throughput, culture-free technique, combined with qPCR, monitor carriage multidrug-resistent (MDR) within Atlantic salmon in vitro gut model during florfenicol treatment, benzenesulfonyl widely deployed fin-fish aquaculture. Results Microbial communities from pyloric ceaca three healthy adult farmed were inoculated into bioreactors simulating teleost gut, developed for SalmoSim system. system was then Escherichia coli strain ATCC 25922 carrying pM07-1 treated at concentration 150 mg/L fish feed media 5 days prior washout/recovery phase. Hi-C metagenomic sequencing identified numerous events, including those involving gram-negative gram-positive taxa, and, crucially, persistence continued once treatment withdrawn. Conclusions Our findings highlight commensal flora reservoir even selective pressure has been also provides study how different regimens interventions may be mitigate

Language: Английский

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Use of essential oils and their components and formulations against multidrug resistant bacteria

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 313 - 357

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Resistance and One Health: Companion Animals as Reservoirs of Bacteria and Resistance Genes in Brazil

Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. e011721 - e011721

Published: March 25, 2025

Objective: This study investigates the role of companion animals, such as dogs and cats, in spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Brazil, aiming to understand interaction between humans, environment dissemination resistant bacteria within "One Health" approach. Theoretical Framework: The approach underpins investigation AMR, emphasizing interdependence human, animal, environmental health. Notably, zoonotic pathogens Escherichia coli producing ESBL (extended-spectrum β-lactamase) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a consequence excessive use antimicrobials humans animals. Method: an integrative literature review, searching for articles published last five years (2020 2025) PubMed ScienceDirect databases. search strategy used Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): "cats", "dogs", "antimicrobial resistance", "MRSA", "ESBL", "Brazil", combined with boolean operator "AND". Article selection followed relevance methodological quality criteria. Results Discussion: results demonstrated that animals significant, despite being underestimated. main identified were E. MRSA, whose associated pet owners their discussion contextualizes these findings approach, highlighting need preventive measures rational both human veterinary sectors. Research Implications: reinforce importance infection control protocols hospital environments, well guidelines responsible antimicrobials. research also contributes formulation public policies aimed at mitigating AMR from integrated animal health perspective. Originality/Value: by topic still underexplored Brazil. Its lies integrating scientific evidence concept, promoting strategies minimize impacts on

Language: Английский

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Investigation on four new benzoxazole derivatives: Desing, synthesis, ADMET, DFT calculation, antimicrobial activity, and molecular docking

Journal of Molecular Structure, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 142218 - 142218

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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