Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 794 - 794

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

The emergence of drug resistance genes and the detrimental health effects caused by overuse antibiotics are increasingly prominent problems. There is an urgent need for effective strategies to or antimicrobial in fields biomedicine therapeutics. pathogen-killing ability peptides (AMPs) linked their structure physicochemical properties, including conformation, electrical charges, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity. AMPs a form innate immune protection found all life forms. A key aspect application involves potential combat emerging antibiotic resistance; certain against resistant microbial strains can be modified through peptide engineering. This review summarizes various used tackle resistance, with particular focus on role as agents that enhance host’s immunological functions. Most recent studies properties impregnation methods AMPs, along biomedical applications, discussed. provides researchers insights into latest advancements AMP research, highlighting compelling evidence effectiveness agents.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in peptide-based antimicrobials: A possible option for emerging drug-resistant infections

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 333, P. 103282 - 103282

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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From defense to offense: antimicrobial peptides as promising therapeutics for cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), naturally occurring components of innate immunity, are emerging as a promising new class anticancer agents. This review explores the potential AMPs novel AMPs, with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, exhibit several characteristics that make them attractive candidates for cancer therapy, including selectivity cells, and immunomodulatory effects. Analysis dataset activity reveals their effectiveness is influenced by various structural properties, net charge, length, Boman index, hydrophobicity. These properties contribute to ability target disrupt cell membranes, interfere intracellular processes, modulate immune response. The highlights frontier in treatment, offering hope more effective less toxic therapies. demonstrate therapy through multiple mechanisms, direct cytotoxicity, response modulation, targeting tumor microenvironment, evidenced extensive preclinical studies animal models showing regression, metastasis inhibition, improved survival rates. show significant therapeutics microenvironment targeting, results from early-phase clinical trials. Future research should focus on optimizing AMP developing delivery strategies, exploring synergistic combination therapies fully realize treatments, while addressing challenges related stability, delivery, toxicity.

Language: Английский

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Molecular aspects of cell-penetrating peptides: key amino acids, membrane partners, and non-covalent interactions

Comptes Rendus Chimie, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(G1), P. 37 - 51

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Since the early 1990s, there has been considerable interest in cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) capable of transporting various types molecules cells. These CPPs are endowed with ability to cross cell membrane by endocytosis and other, as yet poorly understood, translocation pathways. Translocation involves interactions peptide plasma components before it can contact, disrupt, and/or reorganize lipid bilayer. The is complex terms molecular composition structure. It separates external environment from interior composed thousands different lipids, proteins, sulfated carbohydrates, all arranged a dynamic manner at length scales. Floating above bilayer, negatively charged proteoglycans other polysaccharides form viscous, anionic matrix layer surrounding animal cells, which have go through reach Even though thickness structure this glycocalyx extremely variable types, ubiquitously membranes. On side, mostly short (less than 30 amino acids), positively sequences. Some also primary or secondary amphipathic properties. Understanding CPP pathways requires interdisciplinary approaches physical chemistry biology for identifying key acids sequence components, between two involved steps process. In following synthetic review, we focus on these aspects. Depuis le début des années 1990, les pénétrant cellules (CPP) et capables de transporter divers molécules, suscitent l'intérêt. Ces sont en effet dotés propriétés franchissement la cellulaire par endocytose d'autres voies non encore comprises dites translocation. La implique du avec composants plasmique, avant qu'il ne puisse entrer perturber et/ou réorganiser bicouche lipidique. plasmique est complexe termes moléculaires. Cette interface séparant l'environnement extérieur l'intérieur cellule composée milliers lipides, protéines d'hydrates carbone sulfatés, tous disposés manière (et dynamique) trois dimensions sur plusieurs échelles longueur. Notamment, glycosaminoglycanes (GAGs) forment une couche matricielle visqueuse anionique entourant cellules, dans laquelle doivent diffuser jusqu'à Bien que l'épaisseur cette matrice soient extrêmement variables d'un type à l'autre, pénètrent tout cellule. Les généralement courtes séquences cationiques (<30 acides), certaines dotées amphiphiles primaires ou secondaires. compréhension pénétrants nécessite approches interdisciplinaires, chimie physique biologie cellulaire, afin d'identifier acides aminés clés peptidiques, membranaires impliqués processus. Dans revue synthétique qui suit, nous concentrerons ces

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FDA-Approved Antibacterials and Echinocandins

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 166 - 166

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Since 1955, a total of 12 peptide-based drugs with antimicrobial or antifungal properties have received approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Peptides present promising opportunity to address serious infections that may be challenging manage through other means. exhibit capability leverage various mechanisms, in some cases, multiple mechanisms are employed for this purpose. Despite initial dating back FDA recently approved an echinocandin peptide just last year. The ongoing approvals underscore significance peptides addressing medical challenges. Approximately 22 therapeutics antibacterial spectrum currently undergoing phases clinical trials, showing results. In review, analyzed terms their chemical structure, indication, mode action, development journey, concluding arrival pharmaceutical market.

Language: Английский

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AMP-Atlas: Comprehensive Atlas of Antimicrobial Peptides to Combat Multidrug-resistant Bacteria

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 2, 2025

Abstract The escalating threat of infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria poses a significant global health challenge, with projections estimating 10 million annual deaths 2050. While the development conventional antibiotics has stagnated since late 1990s, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), short amino acid sequences exhibiting potent activity, have emerged as promising alternative, demonstrating efficacy even against bacteria. However, despite identification numerous AMPs, their translation into clinically approved therapeutics remains limited, highlighting critical need for accelerated discovery methods that transcend traditional experimental screening. Here, we introduce AMP-Atlas, an AI system inspired cutting-edge natural language processing, designed to accurately predict activity from peptide alone. AMP-Atlas achieves state-of-the-art performance, outperforming existing in AMP identification. Furthermore, leveraged screen human indigenous bacterial flora species, revealing vast reservoir previously unexplored candidates. Our findings underscore transformative potential AI-powered approaches revolutionize and development, paving way innovative therapeutic strategies combat looming infections.

Language: Английский

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Immobilization of KR-12 on a Titanium Alloy Surface Using Linking Arms Improves Antimicrobial Activity and Supports Osteoblast Cytocompatibility

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Implant-associated infections pose significant challenges due to bacterial resistance antibiotics. Recent research highlights the potential of immobilizing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) onto implants as an alternative conventional antibiotics for prevention infection. While various AMP immobilization methodologies have been investigated, they lack responsiveness biological cues. This study proposes enzyme-responsive coating orthopedic devices using KR-12, derived from Cathelicidin LL-37, coupled with Human Elastin-Like Polypeptide (HELP) a biomimetic and stimuli-responsive linker, while mimicking extracellular matrix (ECM). During implantation, these customized interfaces encounter innate immune response triggering elastase release, which degrades HELP biopolymers, enabling controlled release KR-12. After coupling KR-12 titanium surfaces, activity against four pathogenic strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was assessed, revealing inhibition ratio adhesion colonization exceeding 92% all tested strains, compared surfaces functionalized only. It is thought that enhanced improved mobility when HELP. Furthermore, prepared coatings boosted proliferation human osteoblasts, confirming cytocompatibility. These findings suggest smart combine functions AMPs HELP's properties use in variety settings, including medical devices.

Language: Английский

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Advances in antimicrobial peptides: From mechanistic insights to chemical modifications

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108570 - 108570

Published: March 1, 2025

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), exploring their diverse sources, secondary structures, and unique characteristics. The explores into the mechanisms underlying antibacterial, immunomodulatory effects, antiviral, antiparasitic antitumour AMPs. Furthermore, it discusses three principal synthesis pathways for AMPs assesses current clinical applications preclinical research status. paper also addresses limitations AMPs, including issues related to stability, resistance, toxicity, while offering insights strategies enhancement. Recent advancements in AMP research, such as chemical modifications (including amino acid sequence optimisation, terminal side-chain modifications, PEGylation, conjugation with small molecules, photosensitisers, metal ligands, polymerisation, cyclisation specifically targeted peptides) are highlighted. goal is provide foundation future design optimisation

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic peptides and their delivery using lipid-based nanoparticles

Tzu Chi Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

A BSTRACT Therapeutic peptides have become an intensively anticipated research field for novel drug discovery and design owing to their high specificity, efficacy, biocompatibility. The advances in computer technology structural biology, together with the invention of chemical peptide synthesis methods, led tremendous progress this field. Over years, more than 100 peptide-based therapeutics been approved clinical use, many others are currently under trials. However, vivo application therapeutic is hindered by intrinsic disadvantages peptides, such as poor stability against enzymatic degradations, short half-life, low oral bioavailability. Therefore, strategies efficiently protecting inside body facilitating delivery targets required. Lipid-based nanoparticles considered a versatile class carriers delivery. Their biocompatibility, biodegradability, ability interact biological membranes make them ideal platforms peptides. Here, leveraging examples, we aim provide comprehensive review current status developments lipid-based carriers. Recent attempts utilize also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptides: The Game-Changer in the Epic Battle Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 1555 - 1555

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

The rapid progress of antibiotic resistance among bacteria has prompted serious medical concerns regarding how to manage multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. One emerging strategy combat is the use antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are amino acid chains that act as broad-spectrum molecules and essential parts innate immune system in mammals, fungi, plants. AMPs have unique antibacterial mechanisms offer benefits over conventional antibiotics combating drug-resistant Currently, scientists conducted multiple studies on for infections found a promising alternative antibiotics. On other hand, can develop several tactics resist bypass effect AMPs. Therefore, it like battle between community AMPs, but who will win? This review provides thorough insights into development well detailed information about terms their history classification. Furthermore, addresses action these mechanisms, ensure win this battle. Finally, updated FDA-approved those were still clinical trials. vital researchers therapeutic application novel

Language: Английский

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