A Comparative Study on Recent Developments for Individual Rare Earth Elements Separation DOI Open Access
Subbu Venkata Satyasri Harsha Pathapati,

Michael L. Free,

Prashant K. Sarswat

et al.

Processes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 2070 - 2070

Published: July 11, 2023

Facilitating the demands of modern society, namely, smartphones, televisions, electric vehicles, and high-stability aircraft structures, requires low-cost high-performance materials a corresponding change in approach needed to design them. Rare earth elements (REEs) play significant role achieving these objectives by adding small amounts alloys, thereby enhancing material properties. Despite being more abundant than precious metals, 17 REEs exhibit subtle variations their chemical physical characteristics. Thus, separation is still crucial for industrial applications. There need develop effective efficient methods. Adding challenge complexity sources related materials. large-scale production REE difficult. Current processing techniques can be categorized into pre-treatment, beneficiation, separation, refining. Researchers have developed various technologies encompassing chemical, physical, biological methods, focusing on economic environmental considerations. However, not all approaches scaled up mass production. This article focuses feasible strategies such as precipitation crystallization, oxidation reduction, ion exchange, adsorption, solvent extraction, membrane separation. Further research traditional methods potentially revolutionize dynamics REEs.

Language: Английский

Rare Earths’ Recovery from Phosphogypsum: An Overview on Direct and Indirect Leaching Techniques DOI Open Access
Jean-Luc Mukaba,

Chuks Paul Eze,

Omoniyi Pereao

et al.

Minerals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1051 - 1051

Published: Sept. 28, 2021

The need for rare earths elements (REEs) in high tech electrical and electronic based materials are vital. In the global economy, deposits of natural REEs limited except countries such as China, which has prompted current attempts to seek alternative resources REEs. This increased dependence on major secondary earth-bearing sources scrap alloy, battery waste, spent catalysts, fly ash, magnets, waste light-emitting diodes (LEDs), phosphogypsum (PG) a substantial recovery use. Recycling from these through hydrometallurgical processes is becoming sustainable viable approach due low energy consumption, generation, few emissions, environmentally friendliness, economically feasibility. Industrial wastes PG generated production phosphoric acid potential resource that contains total REE concentration over 2000 mg/kg depending upon phosphate ore it generated. Due trace (normally < 0.1% wt.) their tiny complex occurrence mineral phases process would be highly challenging both technology economy. Various physicochemical pre-treatments approaches have been used up date up-concentrate prior extraction. Methods carbonation, roasting, microwave heating, grinding or recrystallization widely this purpose. present paper reviews recent literature various techniques currently employed REs provide preliminary insight into further critical raw recovery. addition, advantages disadvantages different strategies discussed avenues realization at larger scale. all approaches, appears show promising well pure phase can obtained.

Language: Английский

Citations

56

Rare earth elements from coal and coal discard – A review DOI Creative Commons
Orevaoghene Eterigho-Ikelegbe, Hamza Harrar, Samson Bada

et al.

Minerals Engineering, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 107187 - 107187

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

52

Critical review of functionalized silica sorbent strategies for selective extraction of rare earth elements from acid mine drainage DOI Creative Commons
Walter C. Wilfong, Tuo Ji, Yuhua Duan

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 424, P. 127625 - 127625

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

52

Natural rubber degradation products: Fine chemicals and reuse of rubber waste DOI Creative Commons
Franciela Arenhart Soares, Alexander Steinbüchel

European Polymer Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 111001 - 111001

Published: Jan. 15, 2022

Natural rubber (NR)1 is a biopolymer mainly composed of isoprene units linked to form double bonds with cis configuration. After the vulcanization process, NR widely employed not only into fabrication tyres, but also for many other products. Due forthcoming depletion fossil fuel sources and growing tyre waste issue, considered as potential source fine chemicals. Isoprene oligomers can be obtained either through bio- or chemical fragmentation processes. Although several microorganisms are able fragment chains were isolated, use isolated enzymes proved more efficient regarding number compounds produced. Among methodologies depolymerization, oxidative cleavages cross metathesis most commonly used procedures obtain oligomers. enzymatically catalyzed fragmentations cleavage possesses, have aldehyde ketone end chain groups. A wide range terminal groups reactions. We point main recover highlight some applications perspectives.

Language: Английский

Citations

38

A Comparative Study on Recent Developments for Individual Rare Earth Elements Separation DOI Open Access
Subbu Venkata Satyasri Harsha Pathapati,

Michael L. Free,

Prashant K. Sarswat

et al.

Processes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 2070 - 2070

Published: July 11, 2023

Facilitating the demands of modern society, namely, smartphones, televisions, electric vehicles, and high-stability aircraft structures, requires low-cost high-performance materials a corresponding change in approach needed to design them. Rare earth elements (REEs) play significant role achieving these objectives by adding small amounts alloys, thereby enhancing material properties. Despite being more abundant than precious metals, 17 REEs exhibit subtle variations their chemical physical characteristics. Thus, separation is still crucial for industrial applications. There need develop effective efficient methods. Adding challenge complexity sources related materials. large-scale production REE difficult. Current processing techniques can be categorized into pre-treatment, beneficiation, separation, refining. Researchers have developed various technologies encompassing chemical, physical, biological methods, focusing on economic environmental considerations. However, not all approaches scaled up mass production. This article focuses feasible strategies such as precipitation crystallization, oxidation reduction, ion exchange, adsorption, solvent extraction, membrane separation. Further research traditional methods potentially revolutionize dynamics REEs.

Language: Английский

Citations

22