Disordered eating in anorexia nervosa: give me heat, not just food DOI Creative Commons
Emilio Gutiérrez,

Naomi García,

Olaia Carrera

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

The recommendation to apply external heat patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) was first documented by William Gull in 1874. encountered this practice during his tenure as a consultant physician, responsible for issuing medical certifications wealthy clients seeking admission Ticehurst Asylum, one of the most successful and reputable private asylums England. attributed origins studies Charles Chossat (1796–1875), physiologist, politician from Geneva, who discovered therapeutic effects on starved animals chance. In 20th century, further evidence beneficial emerged serendipitously when anomalies were observed following malfunction laboratory thermostats controlling animal temperatures. Moving into 21st experimental research has empirically substantiated crucial role ambient temperature (AT) model activity-based (ABA). Recent translational have shown that warmed environment significantly reduces anxiety around mealtime AN patients, method be more effective than exposure-based procedures. Despite overwhelming both patient studies, it is difficult comprehend how impact providing warm particularly mealtimes, continues neglected area research.

Language: Английский

Psilocybin restrains activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms DOI Creative Commons
Kyna‐Anne Conn, Laura K Milton, Kaixin Huang

et al.

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(10), P. 3291 - 3304

Published: April 27, 2024

Abstract Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials the treatment anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition that characterised by persistent cognitive inflexibility. Considering enhanced flexibility after psilocybin reported to occur individuals with depression, it plausible could improve AN breaking down A mechanistic understanding actions required tailor application most likely respond positive outcomes. This can only be achieved using incisive neurobiological approaches animal models. Here, we use activity-based (ABA) rat model comprehensively assess aspects reinforcement learning show (post-acutely) improves body weight maintenance female rats facilitates flexibility, specifically via improved adaptation initial reversal reward contingencies. Further, reveal involvement signalling through serotonin (5-HT) 1 5-HT2A receptor subtypes specific learning, demonstrating 5-HT1A antagonism negates enhancing effects psilocybin. Moreover, elicits transient increase decrease cortical transcription these receptors ( Htr2a Htr1a , respectively), further reduction abundance transcripts exposed ABA model. Together, findings support hypothesis ameliorate inflexibility context highlight need better understand therapeutic mechanisms independent binding.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Psilocybin prevents activity-based anorexia in female rats by enhancing cognitive flexibility: contributions from 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms DOI Creative Commons
Kyna‐Anne Conn,

LK Milton,

Kaixin Huang

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Abstract Psilocybin has shown promise for alleviating symptoms of depression and is currently in clinical trials the treatment anorexia nervosa (AN), a condition that characterised by persistent cognitive inflexibility. Considering enhanced flexibility after psilocybin reported to occur individuals with depression, it plausible could improve AN breaking down A mechanistic understanding actions required tailor application most likely respond positive outcomes. This can only be achieved using incisive neurobiological approaches animal models. Here, we use activity-based (ABA) rat model comprehensively assess aspects reinforcement learning show (post-acutely) improves body weight maintenance female rats facilitates flexibility, specifically via improved adaptation initial reversal reward contingencies. Further, reveal involvement signalling through serotonin (5-HT) 1A 5-HT2A receptor subtypes specific learning, demonstrating 5-HT1A antagonism negates enhancing effects psilocybin. Moreover, elicits transient increase decrease cortical transcription these receptors ( Htr2a Htr1a , respectively), further reduction abundance transcripts exposed ABA model. Together, findings support hypothesis ameliorate inflexibility context highlight need better understand therapeutic mechanisms independent binding.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Anorexia-Induced Hypoleptinemia Drives Adaptations in the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in the Ventral and Dorsal Hippocampus of Female Rats DOI Open Access
Giorgia Targa, Francesca Mottarlini, Beatrice Rizzi

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1171 - 1171

Published: April 15, 2024

Leptin is an appetite-regulating adipokine that reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), a psychiatric disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation, and has been linked to hyperactivity, hallmark of AN. However, it remains unknown how leptin receptor (LepR) its JAK2-STAT3 downstream pathway extrahypothalamic brain areas, such as the dorsal (dHip) ventral (vHip) hippocampus, crucial for spatial memory emotion regulation, may contribute maintenance AN behaviors. Taking advantage activity-based (ABA) model (i.e., combination food restriction physical activity), we observed plasma levels adolescent female ABA rats at acute phase [post-natal day (PND) 42], while increased over control following 7-day recovery period (PND49). The analysis intracellular revealed showed overall decrease LepR/JAK2/STAT3 signaling dHip both time points, vHip transition from hypo- (PND42) hyperactivation (PND49) pathway. These changes might add knowledge on starvation-induced fluctuations hippocampal initial drivers adaptative mechanisms starvation toward aberrant behaviors typical patients, perpetuating restraint eating.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The attenuation of activity-based anorexia by obese adipose tissue transplant is AgRP neuron-dependent DOI Creative Commons
Dongmin Yoon, Jie Zhang, Rizaldy C. Zapata

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 26, 2024

ABSTRACT Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder observed primarily in girls and women, characterized by a low body mass index, hypophagia, hyperactivity. The activity-based anorexia (ABA) paradigm models aspects of AN, refers to the progressive weight loss, hyperactivity developed rodents exposed time-restricted feeding running wheel access. Recent studies identified white adipose tissue (WAT) as primary location ‘metabolic memory’ prior obesity, implicated WAT-derived signals drivers recidivism obesity following loss. Here, we tested whether obese WAT transplant could attenuate ABA-induced loss normal female mice. Recipient mice received harvested from chow-fed, or HFD-fed mice; fat recipient (OFR) control (CFR) were then for ABA. During ABA, OFR survived longer than CFR mice, defined maintaining 75% their initial weight. Next, agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons, which regulate behavior metabolic sensing, mediate this effect transplant. either neonatal AgRP ablation, assessed intact maintained higher weights was abolished ablation; further, ablation reduced survival OFR, but not In summary, communicates with neurons increase maintenance during These findings encourage examination factors potential treatments AN.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Disordered eating in anorexia nervosa: give me heat, not just food DOI Creative Commons
Emilio Gutiérrez,

Naomi García,

Olaia Carrera

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

The recommendation to apply external heat patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) was first documented by William Gull in 1874. encountered this practice during his tenure as a consultant physician, responsible for issuing medical certifications wealthy clients seeking admission Ticehurst Asylum, one of the most successful and reputable private asylums England. attributed origins studies Charles Chossat (1796–1875), physiologist, politician from Geneva, who discovered therapeutic effects on starved animals chance. In 20th century, further evidence beneficial emerged serendipitously when anomalies were observed following malfunction laboratory thermostats controlling animal temperatures. Moving into 21st experimental research has empirically substantiated crucial role ambient temperature (AT) model activity-based (ABA). Recent translational have shown that warmed environment significantly reduces anxiety around mealtime AN patients, method be more effective than exposure-based procedures. Despite overwhelming both patient studies, it is difficult comprehend how impact providing warm particularly mealtimes, continues neglected area research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0