Shaping polyploid wheat for success: Origins, domestication, and the genetic improvement of agronomic traits

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 64(2), P. 536 - 563

Published: Dec. 28, 2021

ABSTRACT Bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD, 2 n = 6 x 42), which accounts for most of the cultivated crop worldwide, is a typical allohexaploid with genome derived from three diploid wild ancestors. arose and evolved via two sequential allopolyploidization events was further polished through multiple steps domestication. Today, bread has numerous advantageous traits, including adaptive plasticity, favorable yield extended end‐use quality, have enabled its cultivation well beyond ranges tetraploid progenitors to become global staple food crop. In past decade, rapid advances in genomic research considerably accelerated our understanding bases shaping complex agronomic traits this polyploid Here, we summarize recent characterizing major genetic factors underlying origin, evolution, improvement wheats. We end brief discussion future prospects design gene cloning strategies modern breeding.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Cereal Crop Genomics for Resilience under Climate Change

Life, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 502 - 502

Published: May 29, 2021

Adapting to climate change, providing sufficient human food and nutritional needs, securing energy supplies will call for a radical transformation from the current conventional adaptation approaches more broad-based transformative alternatives. This entails diversifying agricultural system boosting productivity of major cereal crops through development climate-resilient cultivars that can sustainably maintain higher yields under change conditions, expanding our focus crop wild relatives, better exploitation underutilized species. is facilitated by recent developments in plant genomics, such as advances genome sequencing, assembly, annotation, well gene editing technologies, which have increased availability high-quality reference genomes various model non-model has necessitated genomics-assisted breeding crops, including species, consequently broadening genetic variation available germplasm; improving discovery novel alleles controlling important agronomic traits; enhancing creation new with improved tolerance biotic abiotic stresses superior nutritive quality. Here, therefore, we summarize these genomics their application, particular (including species). Particularly, discuss sequencing approaches, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, directed mutagenesis, non-coding RNAs, precise technologies CRISPR-Cas9, complementation genotyping phenotyping. We then conclude an outlook that, step into future, high-throughput phenotyping, pan-genomics, transposable elements analysis, machine learning hold much promise improvements related resilience superiority.

Language: Английский

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New Data and New Features of the FunRiceGenes (Functionally Characterized Rice Genes) Database: 2021 Update

Rice, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 19, 2022

As a major food crop and model organism, rice has been mostly studied with the largest number of functionally characterized genes among all crops. We previously built funRiceGenes database including ~ 2800 5000 members different gene families. Since being published, accessed by more than 54,400 users over 540,000 pageviews. The continuously updated newly cloned published literature, based on progress functional genomics studies. Up to Nov 2021, 4100 6000 families were collected in funRiceGenes, accounting for 22.3% 39,045 annotated protein-coding genome. Here, we summarized update new data features last 5 years.

Language: Английский

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A wheat integrative regulatory network from large-scale complementary functional datasets enables trait-associated gene discovery for crop improvement

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 393 - 414

Published: Dec. 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Population structure analysis to explore genetic diversity and geographical distribution characteristics of cultivated-type tea plant in Guizhou Plateau

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Background Tea plants originated in southwestern China. Guizhou Plateau is an original center of tea plants, and rich germplasm resources. However, the genetic diversity, population structure distribution characteristics cultivated-type region are unknown. In this study, we explored diversity geographical accessions Plateau. Results We used 112,072 high-quality genotyping-by-sequencing to analyze principal components, phylogeny, structure, linkage disequilibrium, develop a core collection 253 plant from The results showed Genetic Pearl River Basin was significantly higher than that Yangtze Basin. Three inferred pure groups (CG-1, CG-2 CG-3) one admixture group (CG-4), were identified by analysis, verified component phylogenetic analyses. highest distance differentiation coefficients determined for vs CG-3. lower CG-4 CG-3, respectively. developed set primary set. sets contained 77.0 33.6% all individuals initial set, may serve as genome-wide association studies, while multiple treatment setting studies. Conclusions present study demonstrated Significant differences evolutionary direction detected between ancient landraces those Major rivers hubs largely responsible exchange well formation group. elucidated will facilitate further protection, breeding plants.

Language: Английский

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