Improved pea reference genome and pan-genome highlight genomic features and evolutionary characteristics

Nature Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(10), P. 1553 - 1563

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Abstract Complete and accurate reference genomes annotations provide fundamental resources for functional genomics crop breeding. Here we report a de novo assembly annotation of pea cultivar ZW6 with contig N50 8.98 Mb, which features 243-fold increase in length evident improvements the continuity quality sequence complex repeat regions compared existing one. Genome diversity 118 cultivated wild demonstrated that Pisum abyssinicum is separate species different from P. fulvum sativum within . Quantitative trait locus analyses uncovered two known Mendel’s genes related to stem ( Le/le ) seed shape R/r as well some candidate pod form studied by Mendel. A pan-genome 116 accessions was constructed, pan-genes preferred showed distinct enrichment, indicating potential value them breeding future.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing climate change resilience in agricultural crops

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(23), P. R1246 - R1261

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Climate change threatens global food and nutritional security through negative effects on crop growth agricultural productivity. Many countries have adopted ambitious climate mitigation adaptation targets that will exacerbate the problem, as they require significant changes in current agri-food systems. In this review, we provide a roadmap for improved production encompasses effective transfer of knowledge into plant breeding management strategies underpin sustainable agriculture intensification resilience. We identify main problem areas highlight outstanding questions potential solutions can be applied to mitigate impacts Although translation scientific advances lags far behind technology, consider holistic approach, combining disciplines collaborative efforts, drive better connections between research, policy, needs society.

Language: Английский

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The role of pangenomics in orphan crop improvement

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Global food security depends heavily on a few staple crops, while orphan despite being less studied, offer the potential benefits of environmental adaptation and enhanced nutritional traits, especially in changing climate. Major crops have benefited from genomics-based breeding, initially using single genomes later pangenomes. Recent advances DNA sequencing enabled pangenome construction for several offering more comprehensive understanding genetic diversity. Orphan crop research has now entered pangenomics era applying these pangenomes with advanced selection methods genome editing technologies can transform neglected species into broader agricultural significance. A reference is not enough to harness full variation species. Here, authors review principles, applications improvement, discuss possible ways support pangenomics-driven molecular breeding.

Language: Английский

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Solanum pan-genetics reveals paralogues as contingencies in crop engineering

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Enhancing crop diversity for food security in the face of climate uncertainty

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(2), P. 402 - 414

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Global agriculture is dominated by a handful of species that currently supply huge proportion our food and feed. It additionally faces the massive challenge providing for 10 billion people 2050, despite increasing environmental deterioration. One way to better plan production in face current continuing climate change understand how domestication these crops included their adaptation environments were highly distinct from those centre origin. There are many prominent examples this, including development temperate Zea mays (maize) alteration day-length requirements Solanum tuberosum (potato). Despite pre-eminence some 15 crops, more than 50 000 edible, with 7000 considered semi-cultivated. Opportunities afforded next-generation sequencing technologies alongside other methods, metabolomics high-throughput phenotyping, starting contribute characterization species. Moreover, first de novo have appeared, whereby key target genes modified wild order confer predictable traits agronomic value. Here, we review scale challenge, drawing extensively on past suggest informed strategies upon which breeding future climate-resilient can be based.

Language: Английский

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Genomic insights into the evolution of Echinochloa species as weed and orphan crop

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Abstract As one of the great survivors plant kingdom, barnyard grasses ( Echinochloa spp.) are most noxious and common weeds in paddy ecosystems. Meanwhile, at least two species have been domesticated cultivated as millets. In order to better understand genomic forces driving evolution toward weed crop characteristics, we assemble genomes three (allohexaploid E. crus-galli colona , allotetraploid oryzicola ) re-sequence 737 accessions millets from 16 rice-producing countries. Phylogenomic comparative analyses reveal complex reticulate speciation polyploids provide evidence constrained disease-related gene copy numbers . A population-level investigation uncovers deep population differentiation for local adaptation, multiple target-site herbicide resistance mutations grasses, limited domestication Our results insights into dual roles crops well essential resources studying polyploidization, precision control millet improvements.

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterials for Postharvest Management of Insect Pests: Current State and Future Perspectives

Frontiers in Nanotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Globally, between one quarter and one-third of total grains produced each year are lost during storage mainly through infestation insect pests. Among the available control options such as chemical physical techniques, fumigation with aluminum phosphide (AlP) is so far considered best strategy against However, these pests now developing resistance AIP due to its indiscriminate use non-availability any effective alternative option. Resistance among increasing, inhalation has shown adverse effects on animals human beings. Nanotechnology opened up a wide range opportunities in various fields agriculture (pesticides, fertilizers, etc.), pharmaceuticals, electronics. One applications nanotechnology usage nanomaterial-based insecticide formulations for mitigating field Several formulations, namely, nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, controlled release solid-based nanopesticides, have been developed different modes action application. The major advantage their small size which helps proper spreading pest surface, thus, better than conventional pesticides achieved. Besides minute size, no or reduced harmful non-target species. Nanopesticides can therefore provide green efficient alternatives management storage. an outcry utilization nano-based also revealed. It by some that nano-insecticides may hazardous humans well environment. Due limited data, nanopesticides become double-edged weapon. Therefore, nanomaterials need be evaluated extensively large-scale adoption. In this article, we reviewed nanoformulations proved under postharvest grains.

Language: Английский

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Breeding of Vegetable Cowpea for Nutrition and Climate Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa: Progress, Opportunities, and Challenges

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1583 - 1583

Published: June 15, 2022

Currently, the world population is increasing, and humanity facing food nutritional scarcity. Climate change variability are a major threat to global security, reducing crop productivity in tropical subtropical regions of globe. Cowpea has potential make significant contribution security. In addition, it can be part sustainable system, being genetic resource for future improvement, contributing resilience improving agricultural sustainability under climate conditions. malnutrition prone sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, cowpea become strategic dryland legume addressing insecurity malnutrition. Therefore, this review aims assess SSA countries as climate-resilient existing production challenges perspectives. leaves immature pods rich diverse nutrients, with high levels protein, vitamins, macro micronutrients, minerals, fiber, carbohydrates compared its grain. truly multifunctional maintaining good health non-communicable human diseases. However, leafy vegetable, not been researched promoted sufficiently because security due low yield potential, susceptibility biotic abiotic stresses, quality assurance issues, policy regulation, cultural beliefs (it considered livestock feed). The development superior vegetable approached different ways, such conventional breeding gene stacking, speed breeding, mutation space demand-led pan-omics approach, local government policies. successful genotypes that high-yielding value well having resistance biotics tolerant stress could also used address malnutrition-related Africa.

Language: Английский

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Beyond a reference genome: pangenomes and population genomics of underutilized and orphan crops for future food and nutrition security

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 234(5), P. 1583 - 1597

Published: March 22, 2022

Summary Underutilized crops are, by definition, under‐researched compared to staple yet come with traits that may be especially important given climate change and the need feed a globally increasing population. These are often stress‐tolerant, this combined unique beneficial nutritional profiles. Whilst progress is being made generating reference genome sequences, in Tansley Review, we show how only very first step. We advocate going ‘beyond genome’ should priority, as it at stage one can identify specific genes adaptive alleles underpin valuable traits. sum up population genomic pangenomic approaches have led identification of stress‐ disease‐tolerant compare small number examples from underutilized crops. also demonstrate previously benefitted advances many breeding targets well studied This cross‐crop population‐level resequencing could lead an understanding genetic basis level investment crucial for fully value these before they lost.

Language: Английский

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Integrating genomics and genome editing for orphan crop improvement: a bridge between orphan crops and modern agriculture system

GM crops & food, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 1 - 20

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Domestication of orphan crops could be explored by editing their genomes. Genome has a lot promise for enhancing agricultural output, and there is interest in furthering breeding crops, which are sometimes plagued with unwanted traits that resemble wild cousins. Consequently, applying model crop knowledge to allows the rapid generation targeted allelic diversity innovative germplasm. We explain how plant breeders employ genome as novel platform accelerate domestication semi-domesticated or plants, resulting more diversified base future food fodder supplies. This review emphasizes both practicality strategy need invest research advances our understanding genomes, genes, cellular systems. Planting these abandoned help alleviate scarcities challenge climate crises.

Language: Английский

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