Multimodal MRI analysis of COVID-19 effects on pediatric brain

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 5, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns regarding its impact on the central nervous system, including brain. While effects adult populations are well documented, less is known about implications for pediatric populations. This study investigates alterations in cortical metrics and structural covariance networks (SCNs) based Local Gyrification Index (LGI) children with mild COVID-19, alongside changes non-invasive MRI proxies related to glymphatic function. We enrolled 19 22 age-comparable healthy controls. High-resolution T1-weighted diffusion-weighted images were acquired. Cortical metrics, thickness, surface area, volume, LGI, compared using vertex-wise general linear models. SCNs analyzed differences global nodal proxies, diffusion tensor imaging along perivascular space choroid plexus (CP) also assessed. Our results showed increased LGI left superior parietal cortex, as thickness lateral occipital cortex among COVID-19. SCN analysis revealed altered network topology larger CP volumes COVID group, suggesting virus-induced neuroinflammation. These findings provide evidence of potential brain following emphasizing need further investigation into long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Assessing neonatal brain glymphatic system development using diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space and choroid plexus volume

BMC Medical Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 17, 2025

Neonatal brain development constitutes a critical period of structural and functional maturation underpinning sensory, motor, cognitive capacities. The glymphatic system-a cerebral waste clearance network-remains poorly understood in neonates. We investigated non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers system their developmental correlates In 117 neonates undergoing high-resolution T1-weighted diffusion MRI, we quantified two metrics: (1) tensor along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index, reflecting fluid dynamics; (2) choroid plexus (CP) volume, cerebrospinal (CSF) production marker. Associations with postmenstrual age (PMA) at MRI scan, gestational (GA), birth weight (BW), sex were analyzed using covariate-adjusted models. Preterm displayed significantly reduced DTI-ALPS indices versus term (total index: 1.01 vs. 1.05, P = 0.002), reductions persisting after adjustment (P < 0.05). CP volumes showed right-dominant pre-adjustment differences (preterm: 0.33 term: 0.39, 0.039) that attenuated post-adjustment 0.348). demonstrated transient correlations PMA/GA/BW unadjusted analyses 0.05), whereas maintained robust PMA associations all 0.037) subgroup 0.013). No significant effects on both metrics observed. Our findings reveal prematurity-associated delays maturation, rather than biological sex. persistent PMA-CP volume relationship suggests regulation CSF production, while highlight covariate-mediated effects. These show potential for monitoring neurodevelopmental trajectories, though longitudinal validation is required to establish clinical utility neonatal care. Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Association between movement impairments and glymphatic system dysfunction in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy using DTI-ALPS

Neuroradiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Choroid plexus volume changes in multiple sclerosis: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies

Neuroradiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66(11), P. 1869 - 1886

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cerebral small vessel disease and glymphatic system dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: a narrative review

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 105878 - 105878

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Accumulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ventricular Enlargement, and Cerebral Folate Metabolic Errors Unify a Diverse Group of Neuropsychiatric Conditions Affecting Adult Neocortical Functions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(18), P. 10205 - 10205

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a critical to brain development, function, and health. It actively secreted by the choroid plexus, it emanates from tissue due osmolar exchange constant contribution of metabolism astroglial output interstitial into ventricles brain. CSF acts as growth medium for developing cerebral cortex source nutrients signalling throughout life. Together with perivascular glymphatic movement through CSF, also remove toxins maintain metabolic balance. In this study, we focused on folate status, measuring concentrations receptor alpha (FOLR1); aldehyde dehydrogenase 1L1, known 10-formyl tetrahydrofolate (ALDH1L1 FDH); total folate. These demonstrate transport blood across blood–CSF barrier (FOLR1 + folate), primary FDH pathway ve astrocytes. Based our hypothesis that flow, drainage issues, or osmotic forces, resulting in accumulation, would have an associated imbalance, investigated status neurological conditions severity association enlarged ventricles. We found all examined had but these imbalances were not same. Given essential key cellular processes, including DNA/RNA synthesis, methylation, nitric oxide, neurotransmitter conclude ageing some form trauma life can lead accumulation ventricular enlargement result specific imbalance/deficiency condition. believe addressing imbalance may therefore alleviate many underlying deficits symptoms conditions.

Language: Английский

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Alterations in the DTI-ALPS index and choroid plexus volume are associated with clinical symptoms in participants with narcolepsy type 1

Sleep Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 471 - 478

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Association of glymphatic system dysfunction with cognitive impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Objectives To explore the relationship between glymphatic dysfunction and cognitive impairment in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods This study retrospectively included 38 patients with TLE 26 age- gender-matched healthy controls (HCs). The diffusion tensor image analysis along perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index, choroid plexus volume (CPV), assessment were obtained for each participant. Neuropsychological test batteries Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Minimum Mental State Examination, Arithmetic Test (AT), Digit Symbol Substitution (DSST), Span (DST), Boston Naming Test, Block design, Phonological Fluency (PFT), Semantic Verbal (SVF). Results Compared to HCs, had lower scores of MoCA, AT, DSST, DST, PFT SVF (all p &lt; 0.05) values mean DTI-ALPS index (1.491 ± 0.142 vs. 1.642 0.123, 0.001). Significantly observed ipsilateral hemisphere than contralateral (1.466 0.129 1.517 0.175, = 0.013) TLE. Correlation analyses found that performance was significantly or borderline associated function ( FDR-corrected 0.05 all 0.057 CPV) patients. Linear regression showed increased CPV decreased independent risk factors semantic fluency 0.05). Furthermore, mediation mediator role enlargement (indirect effect: β −0.182, 95%CI −0.486 −0.037). Conclusion These findings reveal important Decreased are impairment. may fully mediate CP performance. insights provide a radiological foundation further investigations into mechanism system pathophysiology.

Language: Английский

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Clinical, immunological and neuroimaging spectrum of CNS lupus: can we reliably differentiate it from MS?

Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(6), P. 557 - 568

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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