Electronic Skin for Health Monitoring Systems: Properties, Functions, and Applications

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(31)

Published: May 17, 2024

Abstract Electronic skin (e‐skin), a skin‐like wearable electronic device, holds great promise in the fields of telemedicine and personalized healthcare because its good flexibility, biocompatibility, conformability, sensing performance. E‐skin can monitor various health indicators human body real time over long term, including physical (exercise, respiration, blood pressure, etc.) chemical (saliva, sweat, urine, etc.). In recent years, development materials, analysis, manufacturing technologies has promoted significant e‐skin, laying foundation for application next‐generation medical devices. Herein, properties required e‐skin monitoring devices to achieve long‐term precise summarize several detectable field are discussed. Subsequently, applications integrated systems reviewed. Finally, current challenges future directions this This review is expected generate interest inspiration improvement systems.

Language: Английский

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Gel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible Sensing: Principles, Properties, and Applications

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 31, 2024

Abstract The rapid development of the Internet Things and artificial intelligence technologies has increased need for wearable, portable, self-powered flexible sensing devices. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on gel materials (with excellent conductivity, mechanical tunability, environmental adaptability, biocompatibility) are considered an advanced approach developing a new generation sensors. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in gel-based TENGs sensors, covering their principles, properties, applications. Based requirements working mechanism characteristic advantages gels introduced. Design strategies performance optimization hydrogel-, organogel-, aerogel-based systematically summarized. In addition, applications human motion sensing, tactile health monitoring, human–machine interaction, other related fields Finally, challenges discussed, feasible proposed to guide future research.

Language: Английский

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Conductive Hyaluronic Acid/Deep Eutectic Solvent Composite Hydrogel as a Wound Dressing for Promoting Skin Burn Healing Under Electrical Stimulation

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(17)

Published: April 3, 2024

Abstract Burns can cause severe damage to the skin due bacterial infection and inflammation. Although conductive hydrogels as electroactive burn‐wound dressings achieve remarkable effects on accelerating wound healing, issues such imbalance between their high conductivity mechanical properties, easy dehydration, low transparency must be addressed. Herein, a double‐network eutectogel is fabricated by integrating polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (PDESs)including acrylamide/choline chloride/glycerol (acrylamide‐polymerization crosslink) thiolated hyaluronic acid (disulfide‐bonding crosslink). The introduction of PDESs provides with (up 0.25 S·m −1 ) strength (tensile strain 59–77%) simulating those natural human skin, well satisfactory tissue adhesiveness, self‐healing ability, antibacterial properties. When combined exogenous electrical stimulation, exhibits ability reduce inflammation, stimulate cell proliferation migration, promote collagen deposition angiogenesis, facilitate remodeling. This shows great potential dressing for healing major burn wounds.

Language: Английский

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Projection Stereolithography 3D Printing High‐Conductive Hydrogel for Flexible Passive Wireless Sensing

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(25)

Published: April 4, 2024

Hydrogel-based electronics have inherent similarities to biological tissues and hold potential for wearable applications. However, low conductivity, poor stretchability, nonpersonalizability, uncontrollable dehydration during use limit their further development. In this study, projection stereolithography 3D printing high-conductive hydrogel flexible passive wireless sensing is reported. The prepared photocurable silver-based rapidly planarized into antenna shapes on substrates using surface stereolithography. After partial dehydration, silver flakes within the circuits form sufficient conductive pathways achieve high conductivity (387 S cm

Language: Английский

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Carbon Quantum Dot-Functionalized Dermis-Derived Transparent Electronic Skin for Multimodal Human Motion Signal Monitoring and Construction of Self-Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(35), P. 46771 - 46788

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Electronic skin (e-skin) is considered as a highly promising interface for human-computer interaction systems and wearable electronic devices. Through elaborate design assembly of various materials, it possesses multiple characteristics similar to human skin, including remarkable flexibility, stretchability, sensitivity temperature humidity, biocompatibility, efficient interfacial ion/electron transport capabilities. Here, we innovatively integrate multifunctional carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which exhibit conductivity, antibacterial properties, ultraviolet absorption, fluorescence emission, with poly(acrylic acid) glycerin (Gly) into three-dimensional network structure natural goatskin collagen fibers. top-down strategy enhanced by hydrogen bond reconstruction, successfully fabricated novel transparent e-skin (PAC-eSkin). This exhibited significant tensile properties (4.94 MPa strength 263.42% maximum breaking elongation), while also possessing Young's modulus (2.32 MPa). It noteworthy that the functionalized CQDs used was derived from discarded goat hair, addition Gly gave PAC-eSkin excellent antifreezing moisturizing properties. Due presence ultrasmall CQDs, creates channels within PAC-eSkin, could rapidly sense motion physiological signals (with gauge factor (GF) 1.88). Furthermore, had potential replace traditional electrode patches real-time monitoring electrocardiogram, electromyogram, electrooculogram signals, higher SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) 25.1 dB. Additionally, customizable size shape offer vast possibilities construction single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator systems. We have reason believe development this based on CQDs-functionalized dermal matrices can pave new way innovations in human–computer interfaces their sensing application diverse scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Applied body-fluid analysis by wearable devices

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 636(8041), P. 57 - 68

Published: Dec. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Auxetic Structure‐Assisted Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Efficient Energy Collection and Wearable Sensing

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(24)

Published: April 5, 2024

Abstract Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are recognized for energy conversion efficiency and applications including electronics storage devices. This study introduces a groundbreaking development in TENG by incorporating negative Poisson's ratio metamaterials to fabricate auxetic‐assisted triboelectric (Auxetic‐TENG), subversively overcoming the low power density of traditional materials. Subtly, an integrated layer‐by‐layer‐assembly core–shell accumulation strategy is employed create synclastic polytetrafluoroethylene friction shell‐skeleton, into which positive nature collagen aggregate (CA) foam inwardly embedded as core‐material. Surprisingly, on‐demand introduction synergy with CA significantly increases contact area mechanical absorption Auxetic‐TENG under pressure. enhancement electricity capitalizes on contraction origins metamaterials, expansion characteristics materials within structure, facilitating synergistic compression stratum. Consequently, achieves open‐circuit voltage 85 V, overturning four times compared conventional contact–separation TENG, 4.2 W m −2 . Application experiments demonstrate superior performance auxetic‐TENG various ratios stress conditions, highlighting its potential real‐time monitoring healthcare applications.

Language: Английский

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Rational Design of Bio‐Inspired Peptide Electronic Materials toward Bionanotechnology: Strategies and Applications

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(29)

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract Biologically inspired peptide‐based materials, as novel charge transport have gained increasing interest in bioelectronics due to their remarkable electrical properties and inherent biocompatibility. Extensive studies shown that peptides can self‐assemble into a variety of hierarchical nanostructures with unique physical through supramolecular interactions. Therefore, materials hold great promise for applications emerging electronic fields such sensing, energy harvesting, storage, transmission. Herein, this work proposes review article summarize the rational design research progress devices bioelectronics. This first introduces strategies assembly mechanism constructing high‐performance devices. In following part, are systematically classified discussed, including sensors, piezoelectric nanogenerators, electrodes, semiconductors. Finally, remaining challenges future perspectives bioelectronic presented. believes will provide inspiration guidance development innovative smart field

Language: Английский

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Self-powered hydrogel wearable bioelectronics

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 128, P. 109960 - 109960

Published: July 3, 2024

The current wearable devices are largely rigid and bulky, which calls for the development of next-generation soft biocompatible technologies. Another limitation is that conventional generally powered by thick non-compliant batteries, hindering miniaturization improvement electronics. Hydrogels have attracted tremendous attention in field bioelectronics due to their tissue-like properties, can minimize mechanical mismatch between flexible biological tissues. Moreover, take advantage physical chemical energy from human body or ambient environment, such as motions, heat energy, biofuel, water wind power nature, more novel technology portable supply has been carried out, facilitating bioelectronics. In this review, recent advances self-powered based on hydrogels summarized. Firstly, excellent properties introduced, including prominent self-healing high conductivity incorporation conductive polymers additives, interfacial adhesion functionality, biocompatibility, antibacterial properties. Then, several strategies harvesting discussed, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), piezoelectric (PENGs), thermoelectric (TEGs), biofuel cells (BFCs), hydrovoltaics, antennas, hydrogel-based batteries. Next, some representative applications illustrated (i.e., motion monitoring, healthcare monitoring therapies, neural stimulation human-machine interaction). Finally, a brief summary outlook hydrogel presented.

Language: Английский

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Poly(ionic liquid) functionalization: A general strategy for strong, tough, ionic conductive, and multifunctional polysaccharide hydrogels toward sensors

SusMat, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract Ionic conductive hydrogels (ICHs) prepared from natural bioresources are promising candidates for constructing flexible electronics both commercialization and environmental sustainability due to their intrinsic characteristics. However, simultaneous realization of high stiffness, toughness, conductivity, multifunctionality while ensuring processing simplicity is extremely challenging. Here, a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL)‐macromolecule functionalization strategy within NaOH/urea system proposed construct high‐performance versatile polysaccharide‐based ICHs (e.g., cellulosic ICHs). In this strategy, the elaborately designed “soft” (PIL chains) “hard” (cellulose backbone) structures as well dynamic covalent noncovalent bonds cross‐linked networks endow hydrogel with mechanical strength (9.46 ± 0.23 MPa compressive modulus), exceptional stretchability (214.3%), toughness (3.64 0.12 MJ m −3 ). Ingeniously, inherent design flexibility, functional compatibility PILs, exhibit conductivity (6.54 0.17 mS cm −1 ), self‐healing ability (94.5% 2.0% efficiency), antibacterial properties, freezing resistance, water retention, recyclability. Interestingly, extended fabricate diverse various polysaccharides, including agar, alginate, hyaluronic acid, guar gum. addition, multimodal sensing (strain, temperature, humidity) realized based on stimulus‐responsive characteristics hydrogels. This opens new perspectives biomass‐based beyond.

Language: Английский

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