ACS symposium series,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 165 - 194
Published: Nov. 4, 2024
Lithium-sulfur
battery
(LSB)
has
been
considered
as
a
potential
alternative
to
the
current
lithium-ion
owing
its
high
theoretical
specific
capacity
(1675
mAh
g-1)
and
energy
density
(2600
Wh
kg-1),
cost-effectiveness.
However,
several
key
scientific
challenges
such
"shuttle
effect",
low
conversion
kinetics,
Li
dendrite
growth,
etc.
severely
affect
electrochemical
performance
therefore
limit
practical
application.
In
this
chapter,
working
mechanism,
associated
of
LSBs
are
systematically
introduced
at
first.
Then,
advancements
in
materials
develop
well-engineered
cathodes,
interlayers,
separators,
electrolytes,
anodes
for
practically
applicable
comprehensively
discussed.
Further,
important
shifts
from
traditional
focus
on
cathode
modification
recent
developments
solid-electrolytes,
anode
protection,
adoption
also
This
chapter
is
useful
graduate
students
researchers
science,
nanoscience,
material
professionals
automobile
industries.
Accounts of Materials Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
ConspectusSulfur,
being
lightweight,
cost-effective,
and
offering
a
remarkably
high
lithium-ion
storage
capacity,
has
positioned
lithium–sulfur
(Li–S)
batteries
as
promising
candidates
for
applications
that
demand
energy
density.
These
range
from
electric
vehicles
(EVs)
to
urban
air
mobility
(UAM)
systems.
Despite
this
potential,
Li–S
still
face
significant
performance
challenges,
limiting
their
practical
application.
Chief
among
these
challenges
are
the
limited
lifespan
low
charge–discharge
efficiency,
predominantly
caused
by
dissolution
of
lithium
polysulfide
intermediate
products
formed
during
battery
cycling
in
ether-based
electrolytes.
Moreover,
sulfur
sulfide,
which
constitute
active
material
cathode,
intrinsically
insulating,
complicating
efforts
increase
content
cathode
fabricate
thick
cathodes
with
conductivity.
issues
have
long
stood
way
achieving
commercial
viability.
Overcoming
obstacles
requires
multifaceted
approach
focuses
on
modifications
at
level
materials
such
material,
conductive
agents,
binders,
additives.
This
Account
delves
into
key
presents
comprehensive
overview
research
strategies
aimed
enhancing
particular
focus
cathode.
First,
addresses
batteries,
complex
composition
utilization
suboptimal
electrolyte-to-sulfur
ratios,
nonuniform
conversion
reactions.
Strategies
overcome
barriers
include
design
advanced
architectures
promote
an
improved
Modifications
components
adjoining
materials,
incorporation
additives,
help
mitigate
insulating
nature
sulfur.Additionally,
places
emphasis
innovative
use
pelletizing
techniques
fabrication,
demonstrated
notable
improvements
performance.
One
Account's
highlights
is
discussion
low-temperature
operation
critical
area
real-world
application,
especially
aerospace
cold-environment
operations.
There
differences
when
transitioning
lab-scale
coin
cells
larger
pouch
cells,
underscoring
importance
considering
cell
geometries
impact
scalability
Finally,
explores
development
all-solid-state
could
fundamentally
address
issue
eliminating
liquid
electrolytes
altogether.
The
inherent
drawbacks
loading,
can
be
strategically
addressed
pave
commercialization.
In
doing
so,
offer
clear
pathway
beyond
limitations
conventional
making
them
highly
attractive
option
requiring
gravimetric
volumetric
densities.
Chemical bulletin.,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
7(3), P. 64 - 77
Published: March 12, 2025
в
данной
работе
исследован
процесс
электрохимического
получения
диоксида
марганца
из
10%
сернокислого
электролита
выщелачивания
активной
массы
отработанных
марганцево-цинковых
химических
источников
тока.
Актуальность
темы
обусловлена
широким
применением
MnO2
современной
промышленности
и
необходимостью
разработки
эффективных
методов
его
вторичного
сырья.
Цель
исследования
состояла
изучении
влияния
температуры
ультразвукового
воздействия
на
свойства
размеры
частиц
получаемого
марганца.
Методика
эксперимента
включала
электролиз
трехэлектродной
ячейке
при
варьировании
от
30°С
до
90°С
плотности
тока
3-5
А/дм2.
Ультразвуковая
обработка
осуществлялась
частоте
20
кГц.
Полученные
образцы
исследовались
методами
сканирующей
электронной
микроскопии
рентгеновского
энергодисперсионного
анализа.
Результаты
показали,
что
повышение
ведет
к
росту
размеров
0.2
5-10
мкм.
Введение
ультразвука
позволяет
получать
высокодисперсный
с
размерами
кристаллитов
менее
50
нм.
Максимальный
выход
по
току
(92%)
обеспечивается
60°С
5
Практическая
значимость
работы
связана
возможностью
наноструктурированного
улучшенными
электрохимическими
характеристиками
отработанного
Дальнейшие
будут
направлены
оптимизацию
параметров
электролиза
ультразвуковой
обработки
для
управления
морфологией
свойствами
MnO2.
this
paper
investigates
the
process
of
electrochemical
production
manganese
dioxide
from
a
sulfuric
acid
electrolyte
leaching
active
mass
spent
manganese-zinc
chemical
power
sources.
The
relevance
topic
is
due
to
wide
application
in
modern
industry
and
need
develop
efficient
methods
for
obtaining
it
secondary
raw
materials.
aim
study
was
examine
influence
temperature
ultrasonic
treatment
on
properties
sizes
obtained
particles.
experimental
methodology
included
electrolysis
three-electrode
cell
with
variation
30°C
90°C
current
density
A/dm2.
Ultrasonic
carried
out
at
frequency
kHz.
samples
were
studied
using
scanning
electron
microscopy
X-ray
energy-dispersive
analysis.
results
showed
that
increasing
leads
an
increase
size
particles
microns.
introduction
ultrasound
allows
highly
dispersed
crystallite
less
than
nm.
maximum
yield
achieved
60°C
practical
significance
work
associated
possibility
nanostructured
improved
characteristics
Further
research
will
be
aimed
optimizing
parameters
control
morphology
Lithium-sulfur
batteries
with
high
sulfur
content
and
mass
loading
are
promising
energy
storage
technologies
due
to
sulfur's
exceptional
theoretical
density.
However,
in
practice,
their
actual
capacity
drastically
decays
when
the
cathode
is
loaded
commercially
required
levels
of
4
mgsulfur
cm-2
above,
significantly
reducing
This
reduction
excessive
formation
polysulfides
during
lithiation,
which
not
only
deteriorates
battery
performance
through
detrimental
shuttling
but
also
results
substantial
stress
buildup
larger
volume
compared
sulfur.
To
address
these
challenges,
we
have
developed
an
approach
suppress
lithium
polysulfide
by
limiting
space
for
expansion
while
improving
Li+
ion
diffusion.
was
achieved
a
straightforward
effective
method
cross-link
organic
binder
used
electrodes.
Specifically,
PVDF,
one
most
common
materials
electrodes,
studied.
The
chemical,
mechanical,
structural
properties
cross-linked
PVDF
were
thoroughly
investigated,
standard
correlated
electrochemical
As
result,
cathodes
exhibited
prolonged
cycle
life
counterparts.
Moreover,
using
this
expansion-mitigant
binder,
areal
mg
showed
stability
more
than
200
cycles
Coulombic
efficiency
above
97%.
offers
avenue
alleviate
major
roadblocks
lithium-sulfur
commercialization
allowing
utilization
commonly
accessible
well-studied
chemistries.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(18), P. 26580 - 26593
Published: April 28, 2025
Lithium-sulfur
(Li-S)
batteries
have
a
high
theoretical
energy
density
and
are
regarded
to
be
an
ideal
choice
for
the
next
generation
of
electrochemical
storage
systems.
However,
their
practical
application
is
hindered
by
several
bottlenecks,
including
insulating
nature
sulfur
its
discharge
products
(Li2S2/Li2S),
shuttling
behavior
intermediate
polysulfides,
slow
redox
reactions.
Herein,
we
propose
highly
efficient
bimetallic
selenide
electrocatalyst
featuring
hollow
porous
core-shell
spherical
structure,
which
serves
as
both
cathode
host
modified
separator
coated
on
commercially
available
polypropylene
address
above
issues.
The
enhances
conductivity,
unique
structure
provides
rapid
ion
transport
channels,
along
with
ample
spatial
confinement
lithium
polysulfides.
Additionally,
abundant
reactive
sites
selenides
exhibit
intrinsic
electrocatalytic
activity,
accelerating
polysulfide
conversion
improving
kinetics.
Density
functional
theory
calculations
indicate
that
interact
more
strongly
polysulfides
present
lower
reaction
barriers
compared
those
sulfide
counterparts.
Consequently,
these
materials
demonstrate
superior
rate
performance
cycling
stability
in
Li-S
batteries,
achieving
impressive
lifespan
1400
cycles
minimal
decay
0.030%
per
cycle
at
1.0
C.
This
work
insights
into
enhancing
transition
metal
compounds
batteries.
