Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Abstract The cost‐effective commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) requires eliminating the dependency on a strictly controlled atmosphere during their fabrication process. However, this remains significant challenge due to high sensitivity crystallization process humidity. Here, synergistic effects residual solvent and environmental humidity films are studied. water‐solubility volatility isopropanol (IPA) in precursor film major contributions water poor control over A environment engineering is proposed improve reproducibility PSCs fabricated air. low‐water‐solubility low‐boiling‐point solvent, isobutanol (IBA), introduced inhibit intrusion prolong through slow evaporation. This approach facilitates production high‐quality (1.56–1.57 eV) across broad range (20–80% RH), consistently achieving efficiencies exceeding 21%. Notably, devices prepared air at 60% RH achieve PCE 25.1%. unencapsulated retain 97% initial efficiency after 1000 h operation maximum power point under one sun illumination. study presents an efficient strategy that promotes large‐scale photovoltaic modules.

Language: Английский