Alpha-Synuclein Pathophysiology in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Review Focusing on Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Advances in Parkinson’s Disease

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(1)

Published: March 26, 2025

Worldwide aging has contributed to the growth of prevalence neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Parkinson's disease among elderlies. The advanced destruction dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, due many accelerator factors brain is main mechanism disease. pathological aggregated alpha-synuclein (α-syn), a protein implicated multiple disorders, one critical this and other similar disorders. misfolding aggregation α-syn may interrupt processes, functions synaptic vesicles can lead neuronal death. This encoded by Alpha-Synuclein Gene (SNCA) mutation gene dysfunctions structure. Since, therapeutic policies that aim are promising approaches. Advances immunotherapies, molecular chaperones, therapy targeting SNCA, DNA aptamers some examples strategy. review aims comprehensively assess current knowledge evidence on pathology, genetic determinants, novel methods Parkinson,'s synucleinopathies. Continued investigation discover interventions system could result finding effective safe treatments for NDDs.

Language: Английский

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Intravenous SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein induces neuroinflammation and alpha-synuclein accumulation in brain regions relevant to Parkinson’s disease

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Microglial dynamics and neuroinflammation in prodromal and early Parkinson’s disease

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Post-COVID-19 Parkinsonism and Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis: The Exosomal Cargo Hypothesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(17), P. 9739 - 9739

Published: Aug. 28, 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative after Alzheimer’s disease, globally. Dopaminergic neuron degeneration in substantia nigra pars compacta and aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein are PD hallmarks, accompanied by motor non-motor symptoms. Several viruses have been linked to appearance a post-infection parkinsonian phenotype. Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), caused emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has evolved from novel pneumonia multifaceted with multiple clinical manifestations, among which neurological sequalae appear insidious potentially long-lasting. Exosomes extracellular nanovesicles bearing complex cargo active biomolecules playing crucial roles intercellular communication under pathophysiological conditions. constitute reliable route for protein transmission, contributing pathogenesis diagnosis. Herein, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection shares numerous manifestations inflammatory molecular pathways PD. We carry on hypothesizing these similarities may be reflected exosomal modulated virus correlation severity. Travelling periphery brain, SARS-CoV-2-related contains RNA, viral proteins, mediators, modified host proteins could operate as promoters neuroinflammatory cascades, leading future parkinsonism development.

Language: Английский

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A functional role for alpha-synuclein in neuroimmune responses

Journal of Neuroimmunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 376, P. 578047 - 578047

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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