Plant and Cell Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
65(11), P. 1849 - 1861
Published: Sept. 20, 2024
In
Arabidopsis,
RNA
editing
alters
more
than
500
cytidines
(C)
to
uridines
(U)
in
mitochondrial
transcripts,
a
process
involving
the
family
of
pentatricopeptide
repeat
(PPR)
proteins.
Here,
we
report
previously
uncharacterized
PLS-type
PPR
protein,
GEND2,
which
functions
editing.
The
T-DNA
insertion
5'-untranslated
region
referred
as
gend2-1,
results
defective
root
development
compared
wild-type
(WT)
plants.
A
comprehensive
examination
RNA-editing
sites
revealed
significant
reduction
gend2-1
mutant
WT
plants,
affecting
six
specific
sites,
notably
within
genes
CcmFn-1,
RPSL2
and
ORFX.
These
encode
critical
components
cytochrome
protein
maturation
pathway,
ribosomal
subunit
twin
arginine
translocation
subunits,
respectively.
Further
analysis
transcriptional
profile
striking
induction
expression
cluster
associated
with
dysfunction
regulated
by
ANAC017,
key
regulator
coordinating
organelle
stress
responses.
Intriguingly,
mutation
activated
an
ANAC017-dependent
signaling
aimed
at
countering
cell
wall
damage
induced
cellulose
synthase
inhibitors,
well
ANAC017-independent
pathway
that
retarded
growth
under
normal
condition.
Collectively,
our
findings
identify
novel
participates
sites.
Furthermore,
triggers
two
distinct
pathways
plants:
pathway.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
289, P. 117600 - 117600
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Soil
cadmium
(Cd)
pollution
poses
a
significant
environmental
threat,
impacting
global
food
security
and
human
health.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
the
potential
of
arbuscular
mycorrhizal
(AM)
fungi
to
protect
crops
from
various
heavy
metal
stresses,
including
Cd
toxicity.
To
elucidate
tolerance
mechanisms
maize
in
response
toxicity
under
AM
symbiosis,
this
study
used
two
genotypes
with
contrasting
tolerance:
Zhengdan958
(Cd-tolerant)
Zhongke11
(Cd-sensitive).
Rhizobox
experiments
were
conducted
without
inoculation,
alongside
treatment.
The
results
revealed
that
stress
severely
impaired
growth
root
development
both
genotypes.
However,
symbiosis
significantly
improved
plant
height,
stem
diameter,
biomass,
morphology,
photosynthetic
capacity,
nutrient
uptake,
antioxidant
enzyme
activity,
content,
concentration,
while
also
reducing
lipid
peroxidation
shoot
accumulation
Notably,
had
more
pronounced
effect
on
diameter
(increased
55
%),
dry
weight
(118
superoxide
dismutase
(42
peroxidase
activity
(209
as
well
translocation
factor
(77
%)
compared
Zhengdan958.
Overall,
alleviated
through
multiple
mechanisms,
enhanced
photosynthesis,
defenses,
modulation
transport
accumulation.
This
provides
valuable
insights
into
application
Cd-tolerant
for
managing
Cd-contaminated
soils.
Agronomy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 217 - 217
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Blueberries
are
a
relatively
recently
domesticated
species,
primarily
bred
through
hybridization.
Mutation
breeding,
which
uses
chemical
or
physical
treatment
to
increase
plant
mutation,
has
not
yet
been
applied
blueberries.
This
study
introduces
mutation
breeding
strategy
for
the
highbush
blueberry
cultivar
Vaccinium
corymbosum.
We
established
high-efficiency
regeneration
protocol,
was
leaves
and
stems
exposed
gamma
irradiation
using
60Co-γ
rays
at
doses
of
10,
20,
40,
80,
120
gray
(Gy),
efficiency
mutated
cells
develop
into
adventitious
shoots.
determined
that
median
lethal
dose
(LD50)
approximately
56
Gy
leaf
explants
80
stem
explants.
Phenotypic
variations,
including
changes
in
color
growth
characteristics,
may
be
due
altered
response
environmental
factors,
were
successfully
observed
first-generation
(M1)
plants.
The
height
M1
plants
quantitatively
decreased
with
increasing
doses.
To
evaluate
mutants
induced
by
each
dose,
whole-genome
resequencing
conducted
on
individuals
from
group,
revealing
significant
genomic
alterations
dose.
approach
provides
valuable
reference
future
programs
aimed
enhancing
genetic
diversity
improving
performance.
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Lateral
roots
(LRs),
are
an
important
component
of
plant
roots,
playing
a
crucial
role
in
anchoring
the
soil
and
facilitating
uptake
water
nutrients.
As
post-embryonic
organs,
LRs
originate
from
pericycle
cells
primary
root,
their
formation
is
characterized
by
precise
regulation
cell
division
complex
intercellular
interactions,
both
which
closely
tied
to
wall
regulation.
Considering
rapid
advances
molecular
techniques
over
past
three
decades,
we
reframe
understanding
dynamic
change
during
LR
development
summarizing
factors
that
precipitate
these
changes
effects,
as
well
regulated
signals
involved.
Additionally,
discuss
current
challenges
this
field
propose
potential
solutions.
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
66(11), P. 2490 - 2504
Published: Aug. 26, 2024
ABSTRACT
Anchorene,
identified
as
an
endogenous
bioactive
carotenoid‐derived
dialdehyde
and
diapocarotenoid,
affects
root
development
by
modulating
auxin
homeostasis.
However,
the
precise
interaction
between
anchorene
auxin,
well
mechanisms
which
modulates
levels,
remain
largely
elusive.
In
this
study,
we
conducted
a
comparative
analysis
of
anchorene's
bioactivities
alongside
observed
that
induces
multifaceted
auxin‐like
effects.
Through
genetic
pharmacological
examinations,
revealed
activities
depend
on
indole‐3‐pyruvate‐dependent
biosynthesis
pathway,
inactivation
pathway
mediated
Group
II
Gretchen
Hagen
3
(GH3)
proteins
mainly
facilitate
conjugation
indole‐3‐acetic
acid
(IAA)
to
amino
acids,
leading
formation
inactivated
storage
forms.
Our
measurements
indicated
treatment
elevates
IAA
levels
while
reducing
quantities
IAA–amino
conjugates
oxIAA.
RNA
sequencing
further
triggers
expression
numerous
auxin‐responsive
genes
in
manner
reliant
GH3s.
Additionally,
our
vitro
enzymatic
assays
biolayer
interferometry
(BLI)
assay
demonstrated
robust
suppression
GH3.17‐mediated
with
glutamate.
Collectively,
findings
highlight
significant
role
metabolite
homeostasis,
primarily
through
repression
GH3‐mediated
pathways,
offering
novel
insights
into
regulatory
plant
apocarotenoids.
ABSTRACT
Plant
stem
cells,
residing
in
the
shoot
and
root
apical
meristems,
are
fundamental
for
continuous
growth
organ
formation
throughout
plant
life
cycle.
Their
regulation
is
driven
by
convergence
of
endogenous
developmental
cues
exogenous
environmental
signals,
making
them
pivotal
to
overall
development.
Auxin,
a
key
phytohormone,
serves
as
major
internal
signal,
orchestrating
cell
initiation,
maintenance,
differentiation,
adaptation
through
intricate
biosynthesis,
transport,
signaling
networks.
This
review
summarizes
recent
progress
understanding
cellular
molecular
mechanisms
which
auxin
guides
functions
both
meristems.
Through
these
insights,
we
explore
how
plants
utilize
auxin‐driven
pathways
optimize
ever‐changing
environments.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
281, P. 116644 - 116644
Published: June 28, 2024
The
toxic
metalloid
arsenic
is
prevalent
in
the
environment
and
poses
a
threat
to
nearly
all
organisms.
However,
mechanism
by
which
phytohormones
modulate
resistance
not
well-understood.
Therefore,
we
analyzed
multiple
based
on
results
of
transcriptome
sequencing,
content
changes,
related
mutant
growth
under
stress.
We
found
that
ethylene
was
key
phytohormone
Arabidopsis
thaliana
response
arsenic.
Further
investigation
showed
ethylene-overproducing
eto1-1
generated
less
malondialdehyde
(MDA),
H
