Impulsivities and addictions: a multidimensional integrative framework informing assessment and interventions for substance use disorders

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 374(1766), P. 20180137 - 20180137

Published: Dec. 31, 2018

Impulse control is becoming a critical survival skill for the twenty-first century. Impulsivity implicated in virtually all externalizing behaviours and disorders, figures prominently aetiology long-term sequelae of substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite its robust clinical predictive validity, study impulsivity complicated by multidimensional nature, characterized variety trait-like personality dimensions, as well more state-dependent neurocognitive with variable convergence across measures. This review provides hierarchical framework linking self-report measures to latent constructs and, turn, different psychopathology vulnerabilities, including substance-specific addictions comorbidities. dimensions are presented novel behavioural targets prevention intervention. Novel treatment approaches addressing domains reviewed recommendations future directions research interventions SUDs offered. article part theme issue ‘Risk taking impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives implications’.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional status and eating habits of people who use drugs and/or are undergoing treatment for recovery: a narrative review

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 79(6), P. 627 - 635

Published: July 21, 2020

A comprehensive overview is presented of the nutritional issues faced by people who use drugs or are undergoing treatment for recovery. Chronic substance affects a person's status and body composition through decreased intake, nutrient absorption, dysregulation hormones that alter mechanisms satiety food intake. Anthropometrics alone not best indicator status, because this population has hidden deficiencies disturbed metabolic parameters. Socioeconomic factors (eg, higher education, income, presence partner, living at home) positively affect status. Scarce available data on users indicate improvement in anthropometric parameters but with micronutrient intake remaining suboptimal. Weight gain noted especially among women potentially increases their risk relapse. Finally, specific amino acids omega-3 fatty promising decreasing relapse improving mental health during treatment; however, additional high-quality studies needed. Nutrition intervention recovery underused; programs addressing population's unique needs necessary. Future research will identify which components

Language: Английский

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DSM‐5‐TR: overview of what’s new and what’s changed

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 218 - 219

Published: May 7, 2022

The DSM-5 Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)1 is the first published revision of since its original publication in 2013. Like previous text (DSM-IV-TR), main goal DSM-5-TR to comprehensively update descriptive that provided for each DSM disorder based on reviews literature release prior version. However, contrast DSM-IV-TR, which updates were confined almost exclusively text2, there are a number significant changes and improvements interest practicing clinicians researchers. These include addition diagnostic entities, modifications updated terminology criteria specifier definitions. product two separate but concurrent processes: iterative process allows or deletion disorders specifiers as well be made an ongoing basis3, commenced soon after DSM-5, complementary began 2019. While most instituted included this involve relatively minor serve correct errors, clarify ambiguities, resolve inconsistencies between text, some enough have impact clinical practice4. Here we outline DSM-5-TR, subdivided into four categories: entities symptom codes; definitions; terminology; comprehensive updates. Diagnostic added Prolonged Grief Disorder, Unspecified Mood Stimulant-Induced Mild Neurocognitive Disorder. Disorder characterized by continued presence, at least 12 months death loved one, intense yearning deceased and/or persistent preoccupation with thoughts deceased, along other grief-related symptoms such emotional numbness, pain avoidance reminders person sufficiently severe cause impairment functioning5, 6. residual category presentations mood do not meet full any either bipolar depressive classes, it difficult choose Bipolar Related Depressive (e.g., acute agitation). has been existing types substance-induced mild neurocognitive (alcohol, inhalants, sedative, hypnotics anxiolytic substances), recognition fact symptoms, difficulties learning memory executive function, can associated stimulant use7. Free-standing codes chapter Other Conditions May Be Focus Clinical Attention, indicate presence (or history of) suicidal behavior (“potentially self-injurious intent die”) nonsuicidal self-injury (“intentional self-inflicted damage body likely induce bleeding, bruising, absence intent”)1. will allow clinician record these clinically important behaviors independent particular psychiatric diagnosis. Changes definitions implemented more than 70 disorders. minor, significant, address identified problems could lead misdiagnosis. sets those criterion A Autism Spectrum Disorder; severity Manic Episode; course Adjustment Delirium. defined social use verbal nonverbal communication (criterion A) restricted repetitive patterns B). minimum threshold component was straightforward (at four), required deficits ambiguous. Specifically, phrase “as manifested following” interpreted mean “any (one three) “all (three three). Since intention Work Group always maintain high requiring all three, revised clearer: following”. “mild” Episode (few, if any, excess threshold; distressing manageable result occupational functioning) inconsistent C, requires disturbance marked functioning, necessitate hospitalization, psychotic features. from DSM-IV now adopted: only met; “moderate” very increase activity judgment, “severe” continual supervision required. Specifiers indicating duration inadvertently left out reinstated: “acute” persisted less 6 months, “persistent” longer termination stressor consequences. essential cognitive features Delirium disturbances attention awareness environment. nature attentional – reduced ability direct, focus, sustain, shift clear, characterization “reduced orientation environment” confusing, given “disorientation” already appears one “additional cognition” listed C. Consequently, reformulated avoid using “orientation”, so reads “A (i.e., attention) accompanied environment”. conform current preferred usage, includes replacing “neuroleptic medications”, emphasize side effects, “antipsychotic medications dopamine receptor blocking agents”; “intellectual disability” developmental disorder”; changing “conversion disorder” “functional neurological syndrome”. Reflecting evolving area gender dysphoria, “desired gender” replaced “experienced gender”; “natal male/natal female” “individual assigned male birth” female birth”; “cross-sex treatment regimen” “gender-affirming regimen”. three-year involving over 200 experts, whom had participated development DSM-5. There 20 Review Groups cover Section II chapters, headed Editor. Experts asked review identify material out-of-date. This supplemented covered period 10 years. Three cross-cutting (Sex Gender, Culture, Suicide) reviewed every chapter, focusing their specific expertise. Revisions also underwent forensic review. Finally, Ethnoracial Equity Inclusion entire ensure among things explanations ethno-racial cultural differences symptomatic prevalence took consideration experiences racism discrimination. Most texts revisions, overwhelming majority having revisions. sections extensively Prevalence, Risk Prognostic Factors, Culture-Related Features, Sex- Gender-Related Association Suicidal Thoughts Behaviors, Comorbidity. fewest Features Differential Diagnosis. American Psychiatric continues welcome empirically-grounded proposals change. Guidelines submitting found www.dsm5.org.

Language: Английский

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Negative affectivity drivers of impulsivity in opioid use disorder

Nature Reviews Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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Response inhibition and addiction medicine

Progress in brain research, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 143 - 164

Published: Oct. 26, 2015

Language: Английский

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Utility of Machine-Learning Approaches to Identify Behavioral Markers for Substance Use Disorders: Impulsivity Dimensions as Predictors of Current Cocaine Dependence

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: March 10, 2016

Identifying objective and accurate markers of cocaine dependence (CD) can innovate its prevention treatment. Existing evidence suggests that CD is characterized by a wide range cognitive deficits, most notably increased impulsivity. Impulsivity multidimensional it unclear which various dimensions would have the highest predictive utility for CD. The machine-learning approach highly promising discovering disease. Here, we used machine learning to identify multivariate patterns impulsivity phenotypes accurately classify individuals with CD.Current cocaine-dependent users (N = 31) healthy controls 23) completed self-report Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 five neurocognitive tasks indexing different impulsivity: (1) Immediate Memory Task (IMT), (2) Stop-Signal Task, (3) Delay-Discounting (DDT), (4) Iowa Gambling (IGT), (5) Probabilistic Reversal-Learning task. We applied algorithm all measures.Machine classified predictions were generalizable new samples (area under curve receiver-operating characteristic was 0.912 in test set). membership predicted higher scores on motor non-planning trait impulsivity, poor response inhibition, discriminability IMT, delay discounting DDT, decision making IGT.Our results suggest behavioral predict high degree accuracy, potentially be assess individuals' vulnerability clinical settings.

Language: Английский

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The long-term effects of cocaine use on cognitive functioning: A systematic critical review

Behavioural Brain Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 348, P. 241 - 262

Published: April 16, 2018

Language: Английский

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Cannabis and tolerance: acute drug impairment as a function of cannabis use history

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 26, 2016

Cannabis use history as predictor of neurocognitive response to cannabis intoxication remains subject scientific and policy debates. The present study assessed the influence on neurocognition in users whose ranged from infrequent daily use. Drug (N = 122) received acute doses (300 μg/kg THC), cocaine HCl mg) placebo. Cocaine served active control for demonstrating test sensitivity. Executive function, impulse control, attention, psychomotor function subjective were significantly worse after administration relative improved impaired increased feelings intoxication. Acute effects performance similar across irrespective their history. Absence tolerance implies that frequent can be expected interfere with many environments such school, work or traffic.

Language: Английский

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Choosing Under the Influence: A Drug-Specific Mechanism by Which the Setting Controls Drug Choices in Rats

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 41(2), P. 646 - 657

Published: July 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Neuroplastic and cognitive impairment in substance use disorders: a therapeutic potential of cognitive stimulation

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 23 - 48

Published: Nov. 24, 2018

Language: Английский

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