Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Activation of Mirror Neuron Network in Healthy Adults during Motor Execution and Imitation: An fNIRS Study

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Background: Observation, execution, and imitation of target actions based on mirror neuron network (MNN) have become common physiotherapy strategies. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a intervention to improve muscle strength motor control in rehabilitation treatments. It possible enhance MNN’s activation by combining execution (ME) (MI) with ES simultaneously. This study aims reveal whether could impact cortical during ME MI. Methods: We recruited healthy individuals assigned them randomly the group (CG) or experiment (EG). Participants EG performed MI tasks ES, while participants CG same two sham ES. utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) detect brain MNN without randomized block design paradigm was designed. Descriptive analysis oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) were used show hemoglobin (Hb) concentration changes after different event onsets both EG, linear mixed-effects model (LMM) HbO data employed analyze effect MNN. Results: A total 102 adults 72 participants’ analysed final report. The averaged Hb showed that increased HbR decreased most regions groups. LMM results can significantly inferior frontal gyrus, middle precentral gyrus MI, supplementary area, parietal lobule, superior temporal gyri activation, but statistical significance. Although did not reach significance ME, still positive effects overall activations. Conclusions: In this study, we present potential novel approaches combines strategies low-frequency activation. Our revealed has increase areas, providing evidence for related rehabilitative interventions device development. Clinical Trial Registration: registered China Registration Center (identifier: ChiCTR2200064082, 26, September 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=178285).

Language: Английский

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Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus

Brain stimulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 648 - 659

Published: May 1, 2024

BackgroundTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that can modulate many brain functions including learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests tDCS memory effects may be caused by co-stimulation of scalp nerves such as the trigeminal nerve (TN), not electric field in brain. The TN gives input to brainstem nuclei, locus coeruleus controls noradrenaline release across regions, hippocampus. However, (TN-DCS) are currently well understood.HypothesisIn this study we tested hypothesis with manipulates hippocampal activity via an LC pathway.MethodsWe recorded neural rat hippocampus using multichannel silicon probes. We applied 3 minutes 0.25 mA or 1 TN-DCS, monitored for up hour calculated spikes-rate spike-field coherence metrics. Subcutaneous injections xylocaine were used block TN, while intraperitoneal intracerebral injection clonidine pathway.ResultsWe found TN-DCS significant increase spike-rate lasting 45 addition changes coherence, did not. blockage prevented increases, confirming When was delivered during no observed, suggesting important role LC-noradrenergic pathway.ConclusionThese results support our provide basis understand mechanism. emerges tool potentially

Language: Английский

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Peripheral transcutaneous electrical stimulation to improve cognition: A review of the main effects in healthy humans and in mildly cognitively impaired patient populations

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111290 - 111290

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Acupuncture treatment of vascular cognitive impairment through peripheral nerve stimulation pathway: a scoping review

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: April 28, 2025

Objective This study aims to explore the central effects of acupuncture on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) through peripheral nerve stimulation. Methods scoping review followed methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search databases, including PubMed, Web Science, MEDLINE, Embase, was conducted, 79 studies interventions for VCI. Acupoints their underlying anatomical structures related nerves were summarized, potential pathways via different explored. Results The results showed that acupuncture, stimulating specific acupoints head, face, torso, limbs, significantly affects networks, cervical, lumbar, sacral plexuses, thoracic nerves, vagus nerve, trigeminal its branches. stimulation can enhance regulation cerebral blood flow, modulate neuroimmune responses, improve brain function, promote neuroplasticity multiple nervous system pathways, ultimately improving function treating Conclusion Acupuncture is a treatment modality influences treat deeper understanding induced acupuncture-triggered neural reflexes contribute improvement existing therapies help elucidate scientific principles acupuncture’s therapeutic effects.

Language: Английский

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Promising neurostimulation routes for targeting the hippocampus to improve episodic memory: A review

Brain Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1815, P. 148457 - 148457

Published: June 12, 2023

This review aims to highlight modern neurostimulation approaches that are effectively activating the hippocampus and enhancing episodic memory performance. The is a brain region known play an essential role in processes. However, as it nestled deep within brain, has been challenging target for traditional approaches, with studies reporting inconsistent effects. Recent suggest more than half of electrical current from non-invasive transcranial stimulation (tES) methods may be attenuated by human scalp, skull, cerebral spinal fluid. Thus, this novel showing promise alternative routes hippocampal circuitry. Early evidence suggests temporal interference, closed-loop individualized protocols, sensory peripheral nerve-targeted tES protocols warrant further investigation. These each provide promising a) increasing its functional connectiveness key regions, b) strengthening synaptic plasticity mechanisms, or c) neural entrainment specifically between theta gamma frequencies these regions. Importantly, three mechanisms hippocampus' structural integrity negatively impacted throughout progression Alzheimer's Disease, deficits likewise evident early stages. Consequently, depending on validation reviewed here, techniques could offer significant applied therapeutic value patients suffering neurodegenerative diseases including amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment disease.

Language: Английский

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Let’s Shape Learning Into Lasting Memories

Neuroscience Insights, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Recent experiments in rats and humans have indicated that the effects of non-invasive electrical stimulation are primarily due to transcutaneous peripheral nerves, specifically greater occipital nerve. This pathway activates communication gateways from periphery brain, impacting memory consolidation. In this invited commentary, I delve into offer additional insights concerning enhancement episodic through nerve, building upon findings published by my laboratory both Science Advances Elife. Our research on nerve (NITESGON) has shown enhance consolidation promote between locus coeruleus (LC) hippocampus based resting connectivity functional MRI. The LC, responsible for releasing noradrenaline dopamine, plays a crucial role post-encoding stabilization. suggests NITESGON can improve but does not affect immediate learning. concept behavioural tagging, where weak memories be stabilized strong or novel events, how mechanism discussed. enhancing stabilization is highlighted, providing non-pharmaceutical solution with minimal side effects. potential application neurological conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder post-traumatic stress disorder, also discussed, emphasizing its promising therapeutic prospects.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Functions following Trigeminal Neuromodulation

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2392 - 2392

Published: Aug. 27, 2023

Vast scientific effort in recent years have been focused on the search for effective and safe treatments cognitive decline. In this regard, non-invasive neuromodulation has gained increasing attention its reported effectiveness promoting recovery of multiple domains after central nervous system damage. short review, we discuss available evidence supporting a possible effect trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS). particular, ask that, while TNS widely successfully used treatment various neuropsychiatric conditions, as far research field is concerned, where does stand? The largest cranial nerve, conveying sensory information from face to nuclei, there thalamus up somatosensory cortex. On these bases, bottom-up mechanism proposed, positing that TNS-induced modulation brainstem noradrenergic may affect function brain networks involved cognition. Nevertheless, despite promising theories, date, use empowering and/or decline several challenges ahead it, mainly due little uniformity protocols. However, continues grow, standardization practice will allow data comparisons across studies, leading optimized protocols targeting specific circuitries, which may, turn, influence cognition designed manner.

Language: Английский

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Trigeminal nerve direct current stimulation causes sustained increase in neural activity in the rat hippocampus

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Abstract Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that can modulate many brain functions including learning and memory. Recent evidence suggests tDCS memory effects may be caused by co-stimulation of scalp nerves such as the trigeminal nerve (TN), not electric field in brain. The TN gives input to brainstem nuclei, locus coeruleus controls noradrenaline release across regions, hippocampus. However, (TN-DCS) are currently well understood. In this study we hypothesized TN-DCS manipulates hippocampal activity via an LC-noradrenergic bottom-up pathway. We recorded neural rat hippocampus using multichannel silicon probes. applied 3 minutes 0.25 mA or 1 TN-DCS, monitored for up hour calculated spikes-rate spike-field coherence metrics. Subcutaneous injections xylocaine were used block intraperitoneal injection clonidine LC found significant increase spike-rate lasting 45 addition changes coherence, while did not. blockage prevented increases, confirming When was delivered during no observed, suggesting important role These results provide basis support mechanism. emerges tool potentially Highlights Trigeminal boosts spike rates alters theta gamma bands Blockade experiments indicate modulated potential manipulation. Figure Graphic

Language: Английский

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Non-invasive Modulation of Brain Activity During Human-Machine Interactions

Integrated science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 157 - 171

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Effects of online and offline trigeminal nerve stimulation on visuomotor learning

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Introduction A current thrust in neurology involves using exogenous neuromodulation of cranial nerves (e.g, vagus, trigeminal) to treat the signs and symptoms various neurological disorders. These techniques also have potential augment cognitive and/or sensorimotor functions healthy individuals. Although much is known about clinical effects trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS), on such as learning received less attention, despite their impact neurorehabilitation. Here we describe results experiments aimed at assessing TNS motor learning, which was behaviorally characterized an upper extremity visuomotor adaptation paradigm. Objective Assessing learning. Methods Motor In Experiment 1, offline clinically tested frequencies (120 60 Hz) were characterized. Sixty-three young adults before performing a task that involved reaching with perturbed hand visual feedback. 2, 120 Hz online same task. new participants either or sham concurrently Results 1 showed associated slower rates than both stimulation, indicating frequency-dependent TNS. 2 however no significant differences among groups. post-hoc, cross-study comparison statistically improvement relative offline, pointing timing-dependent Discussion The indicate frequency timing can influence adults. This suggests optimization one parameters could potentially increase rates, would provide avenues for enhancing performance individuals augmenting rehabilitation patients dysfunction resulting from stroke other

Language: Английский

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