Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: July 5, 2024
Abstract
The
costs
and
benefits
of
group
living
are
also
reflected
in
intraspecific
variation
size.
Yet,
little
is
known
about
general
patterns
fitness
consequences
this
variation.
We
use
demographic
records
collected
over
25
years
to
determine
how
survival
reproductive
success
vary
with
size
a
Malagasy
primate.
show
that
female
rates
Verreaux’s
sifakas
(
Propithecus
verreauxi
)
not
affected
by
total
size,
but
they
supressed
the
number
co-resident
females,
whereas
mortality
significantly
higher
larger
groups.
Neither
annual
rainfall
nor
adult
sex
ratio
have
significant
effects
on
birth
death
rates.
Hence,
these
enjoy
greatest
net
at
small,
predicted
intermediate
sizes.
Thus,
independent
proxies
can
independently
as
function
well
other
factors,
leading
deviations
from
optimal
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
379(1916)
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Studying
biological
ageing
in
animal
models
can
circumvent
some
of
the
confounds
exhibited
by
studies
human
ageing.
Ageing
research
non-human
primates
has
provided
invaluable
insights
into
lifespan
and
healthspan.
Yet
data
on
patterns
from
wild
remain
relatively
scarce,
centred
around
a
few
populations
catarrhine
species.
Here,
we
introduce
white-faced
capuchin,
long-lived
platyrrhine
primate,
as
promising
new
model
system
for
research.
Like
humans,
capuchins
are
highly
social,
omnivorous
generalists,
whose
healthspan
relative
to
body
size
exceed
that
other
primate
We
review
recent
capuchin
biology
outline
our
expanding,
integrative
programme
combines
metrics
social
physical
environments
with
physical,
physiological
molecular
hallmarks
across
natural
life
courses
multiple
longitudinally
tracked
individuals.
By
increasing
taxonomic
breadth
well-studied
models,
generate
insights,
increase
comparative
value
existing
datasets
geroscience
work
towards
collective
goal
developing
accurate,
non-invasive
reliable
biomarkers
high
potential
standardization
field
sites
species,
enhancing
translatability
studies.
This
article
is
part
discussion
meeting
issue
‘Understanding
age
society
using
populations’.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
379(1916)
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Exposure
to
early
life
adversity
is
linked
detrimental
fitness
outcomes
across
taxa.
Owing
the
challenges
of
collecting
longitudinal
data,
direct
evidence
for
long-term
effects
from
long-lived
species
remains
relatively
scarce.
Here,
we
test
on
male
and
female
longevity
in
a
free-ranging
population
rhesus
macaques
(
Macaca
mulatta
)
Cayo
Santiago,
Puerto
Rico.
We
leveraged
six
decades
data
quantify
relative
importance
10
forms
6599
macaques.
Individuals
that
experienced
more
died
earlier
than
those
less
adversity.
Mortality
risk
was
highest
during
life,
defined
as
birth
4
years
old,
but
heightened
mortality
also
present
survived
adulthood.
Females
males
were
affected
differently
by
some
adversity,
these
differences
might
be
driven
varying
energetic
demands
dispersal
patterns.
Our
results
show
consequences
are
not
uniform
individuals
vary
function
type
timing
social
context,
thus
contribute
our
limited
growing
understanding
evolution
sensitivities.
This
article
part
discussion
meeting
issue
‘Understanding
age
society
using
natural
populations’
Frontiers in Aging,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
5
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Advanced
age
is
a
primary
risk
factor
for
many
chronic
diseases
and
conditions;
however,
age-related
immune
dysregulation
not
well
understood.
Animal
models,
particularly
those
that
resemble
human
physiological
changes,
are
needed
to
better
understand
immunosenescence
improve
health
outcomes.
Here,
we
explore
the
utility
of
olive
baboon
(Papio
anubis)
in
studying
changes
system
understanding
mechanisms
immunosenescence.
We
examined
cell,
inflammatory
responses,
cytokines,
cortisol
levels
using
hematology
flow
cytometry,
mitogen
stimulation,
multiplex
cytokine
assay,
immunoassay.
Our
results
reveal
significant
effects
on
numerous
responses.
For
instance,
adult
aged
monkeys
exhibited
significantly
fewer
monocytes
than
young
monkeys.
After
stimulation
with
Con
A
PWM
(separately),
found
old
baboons
had
higher
INFγ
expression
compared
baboons.
Similarly,
after
LPS
TNFα
These
findings
suggest
suitable
model
biogerontology
research,
senescence,
development
vaccines.
Though
there
phenotypic
functional
similarities
between
humans,
specific
differences
exist
cell
function
lymphocytes
should
be
considered
experimental
outcomes
therapeutics
restoring
innate
adaptive
individuals.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Parent-offspring
relationships
can
have
profound
effects
on
offspring
behavior,
health,
and
fitness
in
adulthood.
These
are
strong
when
parents
make
heavy
investments
care.
However,
some
mammals,
including
several
species
of
carnivores,
rodents,
primates,
fathers
live
socialize
with
offspring,
but
paternal
care
per
se
is
subtle
or
indirect.
Do
these
limited
father-offspring
also
affect
later-life
outcomes
for
offspring?
Working
a
well-studied
baboon
population
where
males
contribute
little
direct
care,
we
found
that
juvenile
female
baboons
who
had
stronger
relationships,
co-resided
longer
their
fathers,
led
adult
lives
were
2-4
years
than
females
weak
short
relationships.
This
pattern
did
not
differ
between
experienced
high
versus
low
levels
early-life
adversity;
hence,
especially
protective
against
harsh
early
environments.
Males'
strongest
they
most
likely
to
sired
few
current
mating
opportunities.
Hence,
father-daughter
may
be
constrained
by
male
effort.
Because
survival
predicts
fitness,
daughters
experience
selection
engage
socially
stay
close
daughters'
lives.
The Journals of Gerontology Series A,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
79(9)
Published: Aug. 10, 2024
For
centuries,
aging
was
considered
inevitable
and
immutable.
Geroscience
provides
the
conceptual
framework
to
shift
this
focus
toward
a
new
view
that
regards
as
an
active
biological
process,
age
of
individual
modifiable
entity.
Significant
steps
forward
have
been
made
identification
biomarkers
for
measures
age,
yet
knowledge
gaps
in
geroscience
are
still
numerous.
Animal
models
perspective,
which
discusses
how
experimental
design
can
be
optimized
inform
refine
development
translationally
relevant
age.
We
provide
recommendations
field,
including:
longitudinal
studies
subjects
deeply
phenotyped
via
repeated
multilevel
behavioral/social/molecular
assays;
need
consider
sociobehavioral
variables
species
studied;
finally,
importance
assessing
onset,
severity
pathologies,
age-at-death.
highlight
approaches
integrate
functional
impairment
using
machine
learning
designed
estimate
well
predict
future
health
declines
mortality.
expect
advances
animal
will
crucial
translational
but
also
next
chapter
medicine.
