Interoception: Where do we go from here?

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77(2), P. 223 - 229

Published: April 21, 2023

In recent years, there has been a significant rise in interest interoception, the processing of internal bodily signals. This coupled by increased concerns regarding measurement and conceptualisation interoception. Focusing on cardiac interoceptive accuracy, I outline what believe to be most pressing issues field interoception—specifically continued reliance heartbeat counting task. then provide an overview more general limitations concerning how we measure conceptualise individual differences interoception suggestions for way forward. Specifically, that moving beyond single measurements, establishing optimal levels refocusing from accuracy propensity, may able uncover real-life relevance abilities.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Interoception in Lifestyle Factors: A Systematic Review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106018 - 106018

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Interoception in anxiety, depression, and psychosis: a review

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 102673 - 102673

Published: May 31, 2024

Research has examined the relationship between interoception and anxiety, depression, psychosis; however, it is unclear which aspects of have been systematically examined, what combined findings are, areas require further research. To answer these questions, we searched narratively synthesised relevant reviews, meta-analyses, theory papers (total n = 34). Existing systematic reviews meta-analyses (anxiety 2; depression psychosis 0), focus on cardiac interoceptive accuracy (heartbeat perception), indicate that heartbeat perception not impaired in anxiety or depression. Heartbeat might be poorer people with psychosis, but evidence needed. Other interoception, such as different body systems processing levels, studied reviewed. We highlight studies examining alternative bodily domains review efficacy interoception-based psychological interventions, make suggestions for future research.FundingWellcome Trust UK.

Language: Английский

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Beyond interoceptive accuracy: New directions in interoception research

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 189, P. 108800 - 108800

Published: April 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Interoception in Autism: A Narrative Review of Behavioral and Neurobiological Data

Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 1841 - 1853

Published: May 1, 2024

While exteroceptive sensory processing is a hallmark of autism spectrum disorder, how interoceptive may impact and contribute to symptomatology remains unclear. In this comprehensive narrative review on interoception in autism, we discuss: 1) difficulties with assessing interoception; 2) potential differences; 3) interactions between neural systems for interoception, attention, sensorimotor processing, cognition; 4) differences circuits involved interoception. general, there are mixed findings autism. Nevertheless, some data indicate integration information symptomatology. Neurologically, be impacted by the development, morphometry, connectivity key hubs (vagal brainstem, thalamus, insula), though much work needed topic.

Language: Английский

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Transdiagnostic failure to adapt interoceptive precision estimates across affective, substance use, and eating disorders: A replication and extension of previous results

Biological Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 108825 - 108825

Published: May 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Are You Engaged With Bodily Signals?

European Journal of Psychological Assessment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract: The conscious engagement with neutral and symptom-related bodily signals (i.e., interoceptive sensibility) is an important transdiagnostic factor whose assessment remains challenging. In two studies, we examined the psychometric properties validity of German Interoceptive Sensitivity Attention Questionnaire (ISAQ) assessing convenience samples ( N = 365 254), adults at risk for rosacea 376) 44 outpatients pathological illness anxiety compared to 40 controls. Confirmatory analyses indicated structure ISAQ best represented by 3‐factor model original version (F1: sensitivity sensations, F2: attention unpleasant F3: difficulty disengaging from sensations) acceptable fit after consideration modification indices. Reliability was F1 F2, but poor F3. Higher correlations measures functional F2/F3 dysfunctional body focus validity. Measurement invariance Dutch partially met. Persons scored significantly higher in all subscales. Comparable original, a valid instrument assess negative perception. third subscale should be interpreted cautiously.

Language: Английский

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There is no such thing as interoception

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Interoception has emerged as a prominent construct in psychology, neuroscience, and medicine, referring to the perception processing of signals originating from within body (Craig, 2002;Khalsa et al., 2018). It is thought play crucial role emotional experience, self-regulation, various clinical conditions (Barrett & Simmons, 2015;Tsakiris Critchley, 2016). The notion interoception coherent system spanning different bodily domains gained traction, with researchers typically treating it unitary ability. However, mounting evidence challenges this conceptualization. In fact, large variability exists accuracy interoceptive channels (Vaitl, 1996;Ferentzi 2017;Ferentzi 2018: Harver 1993;Whitehead Drescher, 1980;Garfinkel 2016;Garfinkel 2017).While title article intentionally provocative, serves highlight critical issue field: namely that term "interoception" often used ways belie complexity diversity phenomena purports describe.The provided herein focuses primarily on across modalities, though we acknowledge encompasses multiple dimensions beyond (e.g., sensibility, awareness, attention, intensity). Even focused scope, data strongly suggests problematic. Such monolithic view mirrors both tension between categories (i.e., classes entities grouped by shared features) concepts mental representations capturing category's essence), reminiscent mosaic: afar, appears cohesive category or single image, but closer inspection reveals complex concept comprising distinct, unrelated subconcepts-akin individual tiles.In studies consistently find weak absent correlations behavioral performance tasks probing such cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal (Ferentzi 2018;Garfinkel 2016;Harver 1993).Associations indices affective variables also vary (Baranauskas 2017;Paulus Stein, 2010). next sections, review for dissociability abilities modalities. We focus more extensively studied perceptions: thermal signalsfoot_0 . Our central thesis progress training one domain does not necessarily translate others, contrary This akin athleticism sports: while proficiency tennis might transfer pickleball due similar demands, there's minimal skill disparate sports like golf water polo, which require vastly physical aptitudes. argue interoception, athleticism, best understood useful heuristic organizing distinct lines research, rather than empirical phenomenon. perspective important implications study treatment disorders involve aberrant interoception. Deficits modality may imply deficits necessitating development comprehensive multi-modal assessment, much how athletic potential sport doesn't guarantee success all sports. Interventions targeting specific be effective general training, just sport-specific yields better results fitness regimens. By embracing differentiated can develop precise valid models its health disease, acknowledging unique demands characteristics each modality.Interoceptive assessed through modality-specific tasks, designed measure sensitivity internal signals. these face several methodological impact their validity reliability. Heartbeat Counting Task (HCT) most widely cardioceptive (and mischaracterized "interoception"), been questioned. Studies have shown HCT influenced non-interoceptive processes, including time estimation prior knowledge heart rate (Desmedt 2018;Desmedt 2020;Ring Brener, 1996). Intelligence found mediate resting (Murphy Meta-analyses revealed non-significant associations outcomes 2022). Respiratory gastric are less studied, however instruments issues. Respiroceptive Resistance Sensitivity (RRST), where participants judge breathing difficulty under varying resistances (Nikoloa 2021). RRST factors anxiety asthma (Ritz 2020), limiting applicability certain populations. Water Load Test (WLT) measures having drink perceived fullness (Van Dyck test affected recent food intake, hydration status, differences stomach capacity (Mejia-Rivas, 2019). Thermoceptive accuracy, via classic temperature task dynamic matching task, based amount hair skin (Crucianelli 2021, Crucianelli 2022).Given limitations, considerable efforts made alternative accurately assess (review Garfinkel 2022;Schoeller 2024;Weng 2022;Desmedt 2023). For instance, Discrimination (HDT) minimizes reliance (Hickman 2022;Brener Kluvitse, 1988). Signal detection theory applied separate response biases (Garfinkel 2015, see Ring 2015;Larsson Furthermore, Occlusion Detection use balloon distension offer respiratory interoceptionfoot_2 , respectively (Faull 2017;Herbert 2012). Researchers turned examine relationships comprehensive, multimodal assessments interoception.A key line modalities comes examining (Schoeller 2024). If reflects ability, would expect individuals who excel perform well others. rarely case. al. (2016) cardiac using heartbeat discrimination resistance tasks. They no significant correlation scores two suggesting underlying abilities. Similar findings other comparing (Ehlers 2000;Pollatos lack concordance extends perception. Ferentzi (2018) administered battery gastrointestinal, pain sample. Correlations were mostly non-significant, indicating little variance. another study, (2022) relationship was thermoceptive accuracy. patterns when somatic visceral (Michael 2015;Steptoe Vögele, 1992). given domain, variants yield discrepant results. example, counting frequently show low (Schulz 2013;Ring Evidence differs males females (Fairlough Goodwin, 2007). even ostensibly tap into facets Alternatively, possible apparent convergence among limitations themselves, need rigorously validated sensitive measures, capture computations. Indeed, interventional methodologies actively modulate physiological states-such controlled loading satiation-have awareness related greater functions, there processes (see Herbert 2012).The striking neuroanatomical substrates underlie insula anterior cingulate cortex 2009;Critchley 2004). While regions integrate systems, integration give rise an oversimplification. heterogeneous structure supporting divergent neural pathways. Engelen (2023) showed fundamental rhythms-particularly cycles-entrain shape activity throughout brain. Their work highlights mechanoreceptors relay vagal spinal pathways integrative hubs cortex. These inputs, turn, widespread cortical subcortical networks, influencing perception, cognition, emotion. same mismatch conceptualization measurement reviewed Desmedt colleagues demonstrate routes sensing, further substantiating dissociations observed tasks.Another differential phenomena. phenomenon, domains. some heightened Breuer, 1992;Pollatos 2009), others reported reduced (Asmundson 1993;De Pascalis increased higher contrast, impaired (Paulus 2010;Van den Bergh discrepancies suggest likely modality-dependent. Similarly, depression linked domains, (Park 2022, Avery 2015) thermoception (Happel-Barlow 1999;Crucianelli 2024), cardioception (Dunn Eating patterns, reporting decreased (Pollatos 2008) (Klabunde 2013;Khalsa al 2015). symptoms psychopathology global deficit, selective impairments channels. Table 1 incongruent Importantly, objective subjective symptom reports dissociated (De 2021;Paulus Individuals high report sensations if unimpaired (Petersen Interestingly, discrepancy self-perceived objectively measured ability limited disorders. experienced meditators, despite belief enhanced abilities, controls (Khalsa 2008). importance distinguishing correlates (Heim 2023).If existed limited. Interoceptive interventions domain-specific effects without generalizing biofeedback improves (Goessl 2017) enhancing awareness.Meditation practices, offering illustrate transfer. Despite being associated insular grey matter (Hölzel 2011), varies traditions highlighting specificity training. Mindfulness-based emphasizing breath increase (Daubenmier 2013) inconsistent (Parkin 2014), underscoring nature improvements.The Khalsa (2008) provides additional Tibetan Buddhist Kundalini practitioners improvement confidence practices incorporate they don't explicitly emphasize it, present, tends heartbeat. meditation improvements emphasized training.It's worth noting full extent enhancements meditators yet fully captured current research methodologies. Meditators subtle (Mylius, 2023) experiences diminished boundaries altered during (Gutiérrez 2022;Thönes Wittmann, experiences, intriguing, do indicate skills systems.The consistent cognitive mechanisms aspects emphasizes applications. benefit dysfunctional (Meuret 2005), gastrointestinal-focused could relevant eating (Shibata targeted approaches modalities.The above conceptualization, measurement, application interoception.1. First, should cautious about Ideally, systematically profile individual's 2. Second, established proxies problematic cross-modal convergence. Multidimensional batteries tapping sensitivity, awareness) provide accurate assessment. 3. Third, move one-size-fits-all approach consider profiles Identifying selectively condition inform interventions. patients generalized disorder respiratory-focused those anorexia nervosa 4. Fourth, future investigate modality, involved influence Longitudinal tracking shed light divergence. 5. Fifth, somatosensory sensations, potentially leading misinterpretation Future aim disentangle expectation, actual populations modalities.While against discount value construct. showcased examines dissociate-as demonstrated showing argument non-unitary grounded opens broader questions experience.Interoception remains umbrella inner affect, behavior. clear level analysis operating at conflate claims interoception.FS NR supported grant Mordechai Walder Charitable Fund. past years, FS founded received compensation BeSound SAS Nested Minds LTD. funded European Commission, Joy Ventures, French Ministry Armed Forces (AID). All authors declare competing interests. funders had design, collection analysis, decision publish, preparation manuscript.

Language: Английский

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Computational Approaches for Uncovering Interoceptive Mechanisms in Psychiatric Disorders and Their Biological Basis

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cardiac Interoceptive Processing and Emotional Experience in Binge Eating Behavior: Neural Evidence of Disengagement from Bodily Sensations

Appetite, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 107948 - 107948

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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