Comparative perspectives on neuropeptide function and social isolation

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The S6 kinase gene in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is essential for metabolic regulation

General and Comparative Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114672 - 114672

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Genetic Control of Social Experience‐Dependent Changes in Locomotor Activity in Drosophila melanogaster Males

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 118(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT In animals, social experience plays an important role in the adaptive modification of behavior. Previous changes locomotor activity Drosophila melanogaster . females, suppression locomotion is observed only when flies are aggregations, but males retain a reduced level up to 5 days after being isolated from group. The mechanisms underlying such behavioral plasticity still largely unknown. this study, we aimed identify new candidate genes involved experience‐dependent activity. We tested effect on spontaneous various mutant males, including those with impaired learning and memory, circadian rhythms, some biochemical pathways, sensory systems. results present study indicate that biogenic amines olfactory perception appear play key roles experience‐induced Also, performed screen collection mutants carrying random autosomal insertions PdL transposon. five genes, which two Dek Hel89B , encode proteins related formation epigenetic code, implying factors regulating gene expression may be

Language: Английский

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DANCE: An open-source analysis pipeline and low-cost hardware to quantify aggression and courtship in Drosophila

Published: March 25, 2025

Quantifying animal behaviors is pivotal for identifying the underlying neuronal and genetic mechanisms. Computational approaches have enabled automated analysis of complex such as aggression courtship in Drosophila . However, existing rely on rigid, rule-based algorithms expensive hardware, limiting sensitivity to behavioral variations accessibility. Here, we describe DANCE ( Aggression Courtship Evaluator), a low-cost, open-source platform combining machine learning-based classifiers inexpensive hardware quantify courtship. consists six novel trained using supervised learning algorithm. outperform by capturing dynamic variations. constructed repurposed medicine blister packs acrylic sheets, with recordings performed smartphones, making it affordable accessible. Benchmarking demonstrated that performs comparably sophisticated, high-cost setups. We validated diverse contexts, including social isolation versus enrichment modulate courtship, RNAi-mediated down-regulation neuropeptide Dsk, optogenetic silencing dopaminergic neurons which promoted aggression. provides cost-effective portable solution studying resource-limited settings or closer natural habitats. Its accessibility robust performance democratizes neuroscience, enabling rapid screening genes circuits behaviors.

Language: Английский

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DANCE: An open-source analysis pipeline and low-cost hardware to quantify aggression and courtship in Drosophila

Published: March 25, 2025

Quantifying animal behaviors is pivotal for identifying the underlying neuronal and genetic mechanisms. Computational approaches have enabled automated analysis of complex such as aggression courtship in Drosophila . However, existing rely on rigid, rule-based algorithms expensive hardware, limiting sensitivity to behavioral variations accessibility. Here, we describe DANCE ( Aggression Courtship Evaluator), a low-cost, open-source platform combining machine learning-based classifiers inexpensive hardware quantify courtship. consists six novel trained using supervised learning algorithm. outperform by capturing dynamic variations. constructed repurposed medicine blister packs acrylic sheets, with recordings performed smartphones, making it affordable accessible. Benchmarking demonstrated that performs comparably sophisticated, high-cost setups. We validated diverse contexts, including social isolation versus enrichment modulate courtship, RNAi-mediated down-regulation neuropeptide Dsk, optogenetic silencing dopaminergic neurons which promoted aggression. provides cost-effective portable solution studying resource-limited settings or closer natural habitats. Its accessibility robust performance democratizes neuroscience, enabling rapid screening genes circuits behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Current perspectives on malnutrition and immunomodulators bridging nutritional deficiencies and immune health

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 24, 2025

Abstract Background Malnutrition is still one of the most serious and prevalent worldwide health problems, especially found in low- middle-income countries, which impairs immune functions increases susceptibility to infection. This study investigates complex association between malnutrition dysfunction, role immunomodulators restoring function. analyzes different types malnutrition, including protein-energy micronutrient deficiencies, their consequences system through inhibited cytokine cell production. Main body Immunomodulators, include natural agents such as phytochemicals probiotics, well synthetic agents, may help reduce dysfunction related starvation. article categorizes these discusses mechanisms action, regulating inflammatory pathways, increasing generation cells, augmenting global response. In addition, therapeutic approaches utilizing immunomodulation conjunction with nutritional therapies, supplementation (vitamins A, C, D zinc) or immunomodulators, improve gastroenterological disease states are discussed. Case reports recent studies provided that provide evidence supporting effectiveness therapy clinical outcomes vulnerable populations. Conclusion While there a promise for safety, long-term efficacy, ethical issues address before they could widely be employed. Each step research calls applied, working example immunomodulatory medicine tailored programs internationally. The highlights vital treatment encourages holistic immunological worldwide.

Language: Английский

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Recovery from social isolation requires dopamine in males, but not the autism-related gene nlg3 in either sex

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Social isolation causes profound changes in social behaviour a variety of species. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms modulating behavioural responses to recovery remain be elucidated. Here, we quantified response vinegar flies using two distinct protocols (social space preference sociability, spontaneous tendencies form groups). We found that increased reduced sociability. These effects were reversible could after 3 days group housing. Flies with loss function neuroligin3 (orthologue autism-related neuroligin genes) known socially enriched environment still able recover from isolation. also show dopamine (DA) is needed for males but not females. Furthermore, only males, DA levels are recovered Finally, mutant , propose model explain how involved its dynamic sex-specific manner.

Language: Английский

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Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Abstract In modern human societies, social isolation acts as a negative factor for health and life quality. On the other hand, interaction also has profound effects on animal human, impacting aggressiveness, feeding sleep, among many behaviors. Here, we observe that in fly Drosophila melanogaster these behavioral changes long-last even after ceased, suggesting socialization experience triggers plasticity. These modified behaviors maintain similar levels 24 h persist up to 72 h, although showing progressive decay. We find impairing long-term memory mechanisms either genetically or by anesthesia abolishes expected response interaction. Furthermore, show increases CREB-dependent neuronal activity synaptic plasticity mushroom body, main insect center analogous mammalian hippocampus. propose awareness, understood long-lasting behavior caused with mechanistic similarities formation.

Language: Английский

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Myelin Transcription Factor 1 (MyT1) overexpression mitigates social isolation-induced behavioral deficits: Insights into cortical synaptotagmin 1 regulation and antidepressant-like effects

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 173912 - 173912

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Socialization causes long-lasting behavioral changes

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2024

SUMMARY In modern human societies, social isolation acts as a negative factor for health and life quality. On the other hand, interaction also has profound effects on animal behaviors, reducing aggressiveness, feeding loss of sleep. Here, we observe that in fly Drosophila melanogaster these behavioral changes long-last even after ceased, suggesting socialization experience triggers plasticity. We find impairing long-term memory mechanisms either genetically or by anesthesia abolishes expected response to interaction. Furthermore, show increases CREB-dependent neuronal activity synaptic plasticity mushroom body, main insect center analogous mammalian hippocampus. propose awareness, understood long-lasting behavior caused with mechanistic similarities formation.

Language: Английский

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