A&A Practice,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(8), P. e01834 - e01834
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Among
the
2
million
amputees
in
United
States,
60%
to
90%
will
experience
phantom
limb
pain
(PLP).
Managing
PLP
presents
challenges
with
current
evidence-based
pharmacological
and
interventional
therapies
yielding
varied
results.
In
recent
years,
advancements
neuromodulation,
such
as
scrambler
therapy
(ST),
have
demonstrated
effectiveness
addressing
various
chronic
neuropathic
syndromes.
terms
of
PLP,
however,
cases
been
limited.
This
case
highlights
further
evidence
supporting
ST
for
over
5
years.
Furthermore,
we
provide
clinical
images
amputation
electrodes
well
a
5-year
record
Edmonton
Symptom
Assessment
System
scores.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 165 - 165
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Chronic
pain
and
mental
health
disorders,
such
as
depression
anxiety,
frequently
co-occur
share
underlying
mechanisms
involving
neuronal
excitability
synaptic
transmission.
The
inwardly
rectifying
potassium
channel
4.1
(Kir4.1),
predominantly
expressed
in
glial
cells,
is
crucial
for
maintaining
extracellular
glutamate
homeostasis.
Dysregulation
of
Kir4.1
leads
to
altered
activity,
contributing
both
chronic
disorders.
In
pain,
downregulation
impairs
buffering
clearance,
increasing
enhancing
signaling
through
peripheral
central
sensitization.
impaired
function
disrupts
neurotrophic
factor
secretion
neuroinflammatory
pathways,
leading
mood
disturbances.
This
review
primarily
summarizes
findings
from
preclinical
studies
examine
the
relationship
between
pathogenesis
discussing
its
molecular
structure,
expression
patterns,
functional
roles.
Furthermore,
we
explore
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
Kir4.1,
including
pharmacological
modulators
gene
therapy
approaches,
emphasizing
potential
a
novel
target.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(9), P. 1994 - 1994
Published: Sept. 2, 2024
Depression
affects
several
aspects
of
life,
including
socioeconomic
status,
relationships,
behavior,
emotions,
and
overall
health.
The
etiology
depression
is
complex
influenced
by
various
factors,
with
obesity
emerging
as
a
significant
contributor.
This
narrative
review
aims
to
investigate
the
factors
associated
development
depression,
particular
focus
on
role
obesity.
literature
search
was
conducted
PubMed,
Embase,
PsycINFO
from
May
July
2024.
highlights
impact
environmental
conditions;
lifestyle
choices,
physical
activity
dietary
habits;
stress;
traumatic
experiences;
neurotransmitter
imbalances;
medical
psychological
hormone
fluctuations;
epigenetic
depression.
A
key
emphasis
placed
inflammatory
processes
linked
obesity,
which
may
drive
bidirectional
relationship
between
findings
suggest
that
an
increased
risk
potentially
due
chronic
inflammation,
neurochemical
dysregulation,
emotional
social
challenges
related
weight
stigma
management.
Understanding
these
interconnected
important
for
developing
targeted
interventions
address
both
leading
improved
quality
life
those
affected.
Cell Biology and Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
41(1)
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Esketamine,
a
newly
developed
antidepressant,
is
the
subject
of
this
research
which
seeks
to
explore
its
impact
on
depressive
symptoms
in
neuropathic
pain
mice
and
potential
molecular
mechanisms
involved.
Through
transcriptome
sequencing
bioinformatics
analysis
combined
with
vivo
studies,
it
was
identified
that
esketamine
markedly
boosts
levels
m6A
methyltransferase
METTL3
AMPA
receptor
GluA1
subunit.
Esketamine
activates
METTL3,
allowing
bind
mRNA,
promoting
modification,
thereby
enhancing
expression
at
synapses.
mechanism,
may
reduce
depressive-like
behavior
mice,
providing
new
insights
into
applications
novel
therapeutic
avenues
for
behavior.
Journal of Dental Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Temporomandibular
disorders
are
a
group
of
craniomaxillofacial
mainly
characterized
by
pain
and
motor
dysfunction
the
temporomandibular
joints
surrounding
masticatory
muscles.
Clinically,
patients
with
often
display
central
nervous
system
dysfunction,
such
as
negative
mood
disorders,
but
underlying
cause
remains
unclear.
Recent
developments
in
neuroimaging
techniques
have
facilitated
new
understanding.
Notably,
triple
network
model
consisting
default
mode
network,
executive
salience
is
particular
interest
this
regard
may
provide
insights
into
brain
alterations.
Specifically,
we
observed
that
abnormal
activation
attention-related
regions
which
be
related
to
rumination.
In
addition,
cortical
atrophy
altered
functional
connectivity
were
found
regulation
emotion
pain.
decreased
activity
metabolism
seen
regions,
while
occurred
associated
emotions.
The
showed
aberrant
metabolic
changes
perception
emotions
an
pattern.
Potentially
treatment-induced
included
return
normal
attention
suggesting
assessing
these
networks
used
evaluate
treatment
efficacy.
Finally,
review
highlights
current
dilemmas
future
opportunities
for
field
terms
research
cohorts,
methods,
scope,
analytical
techniques.
Further
exploration
necessary
realize
better
understanding
neuropathophysiology
ultimately
more
effective
treatments.
Cureus,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 1, 2025
Pulsed
radiofrequency
(PRF)
has
evolved
as
a
promising
neuromodulative
technique
in
chronic
pain.
Although
it
was
initially
used
to
treat
spinal
ganglia,
seems
that
might
also
positively
affect
peripheral
nerves.
However,
clinical
evidence
of
its
effect
on
nerves
remains
scarce.
In
this
retrospective
study,
we
included
patients
with
therapy-refractory
pain
who
received
PRF
treatment
during
an
11-month
period
the
center
tertiary
hospital
Zurich,
Switzerland.
A
total
17
treatments
were
analyzed.
Pain
scores,
Global
Impression
Change
(GIC)
reduction
medication,
and
time
next
infiltration
up
three
months
after
documented.
Nine
different
treated.
scores
statistically
lower
at
two
weeks,
one
month,
therapy.
Overall,
eight
(47%)
five
(29%)
reported
least
50%
decrease
months,
respectively.
Of
all
patients,
12
(71%)
improvement
GIC
while
10
(67%)
could
reduce
or
cease
medications.
resulted
14
(82%)
not
requiring
new
for
months.
presence
psychiatric
diagnosis,
results
poorer.
Using
provided
terms
impact
change
cases.
be
useful
tool
medicine
when
effects
nerve
blocks
are
sustainable.
Further
research
is
warranted.
Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Kilohertz
high-frequency
electrical
stimulation
(KHES),
an
avant-garde
neuromodulation
strategy,
is
progressively
emerging
in
the
field
of
neuropathic
pain
management,
showing
its
unique
therapeutic
potential.
This
study
delves
into
mechanisms
by
which
KHES
exerts
effects
on
induced
chronic
constriction
injury
(CCI)
mice
through
modulation
calcium/calmodulin-dependent
protein
kinase
II
(CaMKII)/N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor
2B
(NMDAR2B)
signaling
pathway.
In
this
study,
were
randomly
assigned
to
groups
and
received
intrathecal
injections
CaMKII
activator
BayK8644,
inhibitor
KN93,
N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA).
Subsequently,
underwent
a
week-long
treatment,
with
each
session
lasting
30
minutes.
The
impact
mechanical
allodynia
thermal
hyperalgesia
was
assessed
paw
withdrawal
threshold
latency
measurements,
respectively.
addition,
anxiety
depressive-like
behaviors
evaluated
using
pole
climbing,
open
field,
forced
swim
tests.
Quantitative
reverse
transcription
polymerase
chain
reaction,
Western
blot,
immunofluorescence
techniques
used
detect
expression
levels
CaMKII,
phosphorylated
(p-CaMKII),
NMDAR2B
spinal
cord.
Results
indicated
that
not
only
significantly
reduced
CCI
mice,
sustained
analgesic
effect
up
six
hours,
but
also
somewhat
alleviated
symptoms.
inhibited
p-CaMKII
inhibitory
reversed
presence
BayK8644
NMDA,
suggesting
activation
may
contribute
maintenance
pain.
Conversely,
KN93
enhanced
reducing
downregulating
expression,
further
confirming
significance
CaMKII/NMDAR2B
pathway
KHES-mediated
relief.
unveils
potential
value
treating
provides
insights
molecular
action
inhibition
Pain,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 28, 2025
Abstract
Widespread
pain
in
adolescence
is
linked
with
poor
mental
health,
pain,
and
somatic
symptoms
childhood.
This
prospective
study
207
premenarchal
adolescents
used
quantitative
sensory
testing
(QST)
multimodal
hypersensitivity
(MMH)
measures
to
assess
somatosensory
system
function
identify
predictors
for
widespread
(≥3/7
sites).
We
hypothesized
that
symptoms,
psychological
factors,
would
predict
postmenarchal
which
be
associated
greater
menstrual
intensity.
At
visits,
participants
completed
of
a
body
map,
psychosocial
questionnaires,
QST,
experimental
MMH
including
auditory,
visual,
visceral
stimulation.
Electroencephalography
(EEG)
was
collected
during
auditory
visual
tasks
neural
correlates
MMH.
Premenarchal
reported
by
25%
participants,
whereas
29%
developed
new
incident
postmenarche.
Adolescents
intensity
(median
[interquartile
range]
47
[28-61];
0-100
analog
scale)
than
those
without
(24
[8-50],
P
=
0.001).
Elevated
(
0.012),
stress
0.015),
sensitivity
(bladder
filling)
0.046)
unpleasant
stimuli
0.043)
were
significant
postmenarche
pain.
A
multivariable
regression
model
found
map
score
(OR
1.75,
95%
CI
[1.20,
2.55]),
1.47,
[1.03,
2.11]),
1.62,
[1.12,
2.33])
predicted
No
EEG
differences
early
cortical
processing
found.
Our
results
suggest
increased
painful
represents
novel
risk
factor
