Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 189 - 240
Published: May 7, 2024
Abstract
‘Memory
and
the
septo-hippocampal
system’
outlines
five
major
myths
about
amnesia
that
have
dogged
analysis
of
function
it
critiques
10
theories
‘type’
memory
supported
by
hippocampus:
spatial,
working,
configural,
recognition,
semantic,
contextual,
relational,
temporal
buffer,
intermediate,
multiple
trace
transformation,
contextual
binding.
In
all
cases
there
are
non-conforming
data
and,
in
bulk
cases,
one
can
discern
a
role
for
interference.
The
suggest
rather
than
amnesia,
hippocampal
damage
produces
catastrophic
hypermnesia
due
to
loss
mechanism
reverse
effects
interference
once
these
occurred.
This
mechanism,
Goal
Inhibition
System,
not
only
accounts
failure
but
also
non-memorial
changes
result
from
damage.
relation
key
aspects
is
outlined;
hippocampus
formation,
consolidation,
retrograde
activation
considered
both
wake
sleep.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 7, 2024
Abstract
The
Neuropsychology
of
Anxiety
first
appeared
in
1982
as
the
volume
Oxford
Psychology
Series,
and
it
quickly
established
itself
classic
work
on
subject.
It
second
edition
(appearing
2000)
have
been
cited
at
a
steadily
increasing
rate
passing
500/year
2017.
field
has
continued
to
expand
last
quarter
century
necessitating
this
third
edition.
This
completely
updated
revised
(with
many
figures
converted
colour)
retains
original
core
concepts
while
expanding
often
simplifying
details.
includes
new
chapter
prefrontal
cortex,
which
integrates
frontal
hippocampal
views
anxiety
an
extensively
modified
personality
providing
basis
for
further
developments
Reinforcement
Sensitivity
Theory.
book
is
essential
postgraduate
students
researchers
experimental
psychology
neuroscience,
well
all
clinical
psychologists
psychiatrists.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(15), P. 12025 - 12025
Published: July 27, 2023
Sigma
(σ)
receptors
are
a
class
of
unique
proteins
with
two
subtypes:
the
sigma-1
(σ1)
receptor
which
is
situated
at
mitochondria-associated
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
membrane
(MAM),
and
sigma-2
(σ2)
receptor,
located
in
ER-resident
membrane.
Increasing
evidence
indicates
involvement
both
σ1
σ2
pathogenesis
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
thus
these
represent
potentially
effective
biomarkers
for
emerging
AD
therapies.
The
availability
optimal
radioligands
positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
neuroimaging
humans
will
provide
tools
to
monitor
progression
treatment
outcomes.
In
this
review,
we
first
summarize
significance
pathophysiology
highlight
therapeutic
strategies
related
receptors.
We
then
survey
potential
PET
radioligands,
an
emphasis
on
requirements
imaging
or
humans.
Finally,
discuss
current
challenges
development
receptors,
opportunities
elucidate
as
novel
early
diagnosis,
monitoring
drug
efficacy.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(23), P. 14934 - 14934
Published: Nov. 29, 2022
The
body
of
scientific
literature
continues
to
grow
annually.
Over
1.5
million
abstracts
biomedical
publications
were
added
the
PubMed
database
in
2021.
Therefore,
developing
cognitive
systems
that
provide
a
specialized
search
for
information
based
on
subject
area
ontology
and
modern
artificial
intelligence
methods
is
urgently
needed.
We
previously
developed
web-based
retrieval
system,
ANDDigest,
designed
analyze
using
customized
domain
ontology.
This
paper
presents
an
improved
ANDDigest
version
uses
fine-tuned
PubMedBERT
classifiers
enhance
quality
short
name
recognition
molecular-genetics
entities
eight
biological
object
types:
cell
components,
diseases,
side
effects,
genes,
proteins,
pathways,
drugs,
metabolites.
approach
increased
average
accuracy
by
13%.
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
8(4), P. 951 - 977
Published: March 7, 2025
Cancer
ranks
among
the
top
triumvirate
leading
causes
of
human
deaths
worldwide.
The
pathological
mechanisms
are
notably
intricate,
demonstrating
proliferative
and
metastatic
capabilities,
which
complicate
therapeutic
interventions.
sigma-1
receptor
(σ1R)
plays
a
crucial
role
in
tumor
survival
migration,
while
sigma-2
(σ2R)
is
intimately
associated
with
proliferation.
This
review
encapsulated
investigation
concerning
σ1R
σ2R
neoplasms
rigorously
summarized
ligands
radio-ligands
development
their
applications,
such
as
antitumor
cell
proliferation
PET/SPECT
imaging
tumors.
A
comprehensive
classification
discussion
was
undertaken
regarding
chemical
structures
emphasized
possibility
dual/multitargeted
ligands.
Ultimately,
we
discussed
effects
chiral
pharmacological
characteristics
on
affinity
pharmacokinetic
features
vivo,
particularly
radiopharmaceuticals.
functions
beneficial
resource,
fostering
ligand
deployment
stimulating
generation
innovative
ideas
for
developing
Journal of Psychopharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 24, 2025
Background:
Low-dose
ketamine
is
an
N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor
antagonist
that
exerts
antidepressant
effect
on
patients
with
treatment-resistant
depression
(TRD).
This
may
extend
beyond
the
glutamatergic
hypothesis.
Nevertheless,
roles
of
genes
encoding
other
monoamine
neurotransmitters
(i.e.,
serotonin
and
dopamine)
in
neuromechanism
low-dose
remain
unknown.
Methods:
In
this
clinical
trial,
which
involved
65
TRD,
21
received
0.5
mg/kg
ketamine,
20
0.2
24
normal
saline.
All
were
genotyped
for
684,616
single-nucleotide
polymorphisms
(SNPs).
A
total
50
neurotransmitter-related
candidate
genes,
including
HTR2A
HTR2C
from
serotoninergic
system,
CHRM4
CHRNB1
cholinergic
DRD2
dopaminergic
selected
to
conduct
a
gene-based
genome-wide
association
study
effects
ketamine.
Results:
Gene-set
enrichment
analysis
revealed
pathway
underlying
neuroactive
ligand–receptor
interaction
(KEGG)
played
pivotal
role
biomechanisms
ketamine’s
effect.
Specifically,
SNPs
related
system
(e.g.,
rs2644247
CHRM5),
μ1
opioid
rs2473546
OPRM1),
rs2617577
SLC6A3),
serotonergic
(HTR2A),
cannabinoid
(CNR2),
σ1
(SIGMAR1)
associated
Discussion:
has
effect,
be
multiple
neurotransmitter
systems
receptor.
International Journal of General Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 18, P. 1917 - 1931
Published: April 1, 2025
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
effects
of
σ-1R
on
autophagy
in
sepsis-AKI
and
its
potential
involvement
AMPK/mTOR
signaling
pathway.
The
serum
samples
from
patients
were
used
diagnose
sepsis
using
double-blind
randomized
method
quantify
inflammatory
cytokines
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assays.
HK-2
cells
induced
by
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
employed
as
an
vitro
model
sepsis-AKI.
To
evaluate
function
sepsis-AKI,
siRNA
overexpression
plasmid
targeting
used.
marker
expressions
analyzed
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
Western
blot
Cell
proliferation
was
evaluated
CCK-8
EdU
assays,
cell
apoptosis
detected
flow
cytometry
TUNEL
staining
Phosphorylated
proteins
In
levels
reduced,
whereas
interleukin-1β
(IL-1β),
IL-6,
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
(TNF-α)
increased.
promoted
LPS-induced
while
inhibiting
apoptosis.
Moreover,
enhanced
autophagy,
evidenced
upregulation
biomarkers
LC3-II/LC3-I
Beclin
1.
Furthermore,
phosphorylation
AMPK
ULK1
mTOR.
utilizes
pathway
enhance
indicating
that
may
serve
a
promising
target
for
diagnosis
therapy.
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 29, 2025
The
mechanism
of
action
antidepressants
is
not
fully
ascertained.
In
addition
to
monoamines,
disparate
other
effectors
are
also
implicated
in
the
molecular
and
cellular
effects
chronic
stress
including
neurogenesis,
neurodifferentiation,
neuroplasticity.
Evidence
suggests
sigma-1
receptors
(S1R)
as
a
putative
target
possible
mediator
antidepressant
activity.
Data
from
preclinical
clinical
trials
was
synthesized
inception
August
2024.
Results
showed
that
S1R
regulate
neurotransmitter
availability
release
(e.g.
glutamate),
influence
intracellular
Ca2+
levels
well
immune
inflammatory
responses.
introduction
N-Methyl-D-aspartic
Acid
(NMDA)
antagonist/S1R
agonist
dextromethorphan-bupropion
2022
represented
first
time
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
permitted
language
hypothesized
an
involved
activity
at
S1R.
We
describe
physiology,
pathophysiology,
function
Sigma-1
modulation
relevant
agents
currently
FDA-approved
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
(dextromethorphan-bupropion).
Modulating
systems
fit
for
purpose
it
relates
future
therapeutic
discoveries
development
mental
disorders.
Whether
uniquely
targeting
dimensions
psychopathology
more
difficult
treat
(i.e.
anhedonia)
awaits
determination.
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 371 - 430
Published: May 7, 2024
Abstract
‘Anxiety
and
personality’
links
the
anxiolytic-derived
state
neuropsychology
of
previous
chapters
to
personality
traits.
Traits
are
seen
as
sensitivities
structures,
goal
control
systems,
more
global
modulators
systems.
It
lays
ground
work
for
seeing
psychiatric
disorders
resulting
from
one
or
extreme
sensitivities.
While
main
focus
is
anxiety,
it
also
discusses
implications
Reinforcement
Sensitivity
Theory
(RST)
with
additional
comment
on
Big
5.
reviews
issues
arising
word
meanings,
evolution,
need
biomarkers,
hierarchical
organization,
continuity
versus
discontinuity
provides
recommendation
application
work,
throughout.
distinguishes
neuroticism
trait
a
new
dopaminergic
neurology
reinforcement
sensitivity,
strongly
reinforcers,
first
anxiety
disorder
biomarker,
identifies
problems
existing
RST
scales,
future
neural
solutions.
