Eye contact marks the rise and fall of shared attention in conversation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(37)

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Conversation is the platform where minds meet: venue information shared, ideas cocreated, cultural norms shaped, and social bonds forged. Its frequency ease belie its complexity. Every conversation weaves a unique shared narrative from contributions of independent minds, requiring partners to flexibly move into out alignment as needed for both cohere evolve. How two achieve this coordination poorly understood. Here we test whether eye contact, common feature conversation, predicts by measuring dyadic pupillary synchrony (a corollary attention) during natural conversation. We find that contact positively correlated with well ratings engagement partners. However, rather than elicit synchrony, commences peaks immediate subsequent decline until breaks. This relationship suggests signals when attention high. Furthermore, speculate may play corrective role in disrupting (reducing synchrony) facilitate

Language: Английский

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Opportunities and Limitations of Mobile Neuroimaging Technologies in Educational Neuroscience

Mind Brain and Education, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 354 - 370

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

As the field of educational neuroscience continues to grow, questions have emerged regarding ecological validity and applicability this research practice. Recent advances in mobile neuroimaging technologies made it possible conduct neuroscientific studies directly naturalistic learning environments. We propose that embedding a cycle (Matusz, Dikker, Huth, & Perrodin, 2019), involving lab-based, seminaturalistic, fully experiments, is well suited for addressing questions. With review, we take cautious approach, by discussing valuable insights can be gained from technology, including electroencephalography functional near-infrared spectroscopy, as challenges posed bringing methods into classroom. Research paradigms used alongside technology vary considerably. To illustrate point, are discussed with increasingly designs. conclude several ethical considerations should taken account unique area research.

Language: Английский

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Maternal chemosignals enhance infant-adult brain-to-brain synchrony

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(50)

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

Maternal body odors serve as important safety-promoting and social recognition signals, but their role in human brain maturation is largely unknown. Utilizing ecological paradigms dual- electroencephalography recording, we examined the effects of maternal chemosignals on brain-to-brain synchrony during infant-mother infant-stranger interactions with without presence odors. Neural connectivity right-to-right theta emerged across conditions, sensitizing key nodes infant’s its maturational period. Infant-mother interaction elicited greater synchrony; however, attenuated this difference. Infants exhibited more attention, positive arousal, safety/approach behaviors condition, which augmented neural synchrony. Human mothers use interbrain mechanisms to tune brain, may sustain transfer infant sociality from mother-infant bond life within groups.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic inter-brain synchrony in real-life inter-personal cooperation: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning study

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 118263 - 118263

Published: June 11, 2021

How two brains communicate with each other during social interaction is highly dynamic and complex. Multi-person (i.e., hyperscanning) studies to date have focused on analyzing the entire time series of brain signals reveal an overall pattern inter-brain synchrony (IBS). However, this approach does not account for nature interaction. In present study, we propose a data-driven based sliding windows k-mean clustering capture modulation IBS patterns interactive cooperation tasks. We used portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system measure hemodynamic response between interacting partners (20 dyads) engaged in creative design task 3D model building task. Results indicated that inter-personal communication naturalistic generally presented states along Compared task, appeared involve more complex active multiple regions specific states. summary, proposed stands as promising tool distill dynamics associated into set representative fine-grained temporal resolution. This holds promise advancing our current understanding neurocognitive processes underlying

Language: Английский

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Technologically-assisted communication attenuates inter-brain synchrony

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 119677 - 119677

Published: Oct. 13, 2022

The transition to technologically-assisted communication has permeated all facets of human social life; yet, its impact on the brain is still unknown and effects may be particularly intense during periods developmental transitions. Applying a two-brain perspective, current preregistered study utilized hyperscanning EEG measure brain-to-brain synchrony in 62 mother-child pairs at adolescence (child age; M = 12.26, range 10-14) live face-to-face interaction versus remote communication. elicited 9 significant cross-brain links between densely inter-connected frontal temporal areas beta [14-30 Hz]. Mother's right region connected with child's left frontal, temporal, central regions, suggesting regulatory role organizing dynamics. In contrast, only 1 cross-brain-cross-hemisphere link, attenuating robust right-to-right-brain connectivity moments that communicates socio-affective signals. Furthermore, while level behavior was comparable two interactions, brain-behavior associations emerged exchange. Mother-child temporal-temporal linked shared gaze degree child engagement empathic correlated frontal-frontal synchrony. Our findings indicate co-presence underpinned by specific neurobiological processes should studied depth. Much further research needed tease apart whether "Zoom fatigue" experienced technological stem, part, from overload more limited inter-brain connections address potential cost technology for maturation, among youth.

Language: Английский

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