Psychological Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
55
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract
Background
Because
pediatric
anxiety
disorders
precede
the
onset
of
many
other
problems,
successful
prediction
response
to
first-line
treatment,
cognitive-behavioral
therapy
(CBT),
could
have
a
major
impact.
This
study
evaluates
whether
structural
and
resting-state
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
can
predict
post-CBT
symptoms.
Methods
Two
datasets
were
studied:
(A)
one
consisted
n
=
54
subjects
with
an
diagnosis,
who
received
12
weeks
CBT,
(B)
15
treated
for
8
weeks.
Connectome
predictive
modeling
(CPM)
was
used
treatment
response,
as
assessed
PARS.
The
main
analysis
included
network
edges
positively
correlated
outcome
age,
sex,
baseline
severity
predictors.
Results
from
alternative
models
analyses
are
also
presented.
Model
assessments
utilized
1000
bootstraps,
resulting
in
95%
CI
R
2
,
r
mean
absolute
error
(MAE).
model
showed
MAE
approximately
3.5
(95%
CI:
[3.1–3.8])
points,
0.08
[−0.14–0.26],
0.38
[0.24–0.511].
When
testing
this
left-out
sample
(B),
results
similar,
3.4
[2.8–4.7],
−0.65
[−2.29–0.16],
0.4
[0.24–0.54].
anatomical
metrics
similar
pattern,
where
rendered
overall
low
.
Conclusions
that
based
on
earlier
promising
failed
clinical
outcomes.
Despite
small
size,
does
not
support
extensive
use
CPM
outcomes
anxiety.
NeuroImage,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
246, P. 118739 - 118739
Published: Nov. 29, 2021
Language
and
theory
of
mind
(ToM)
are
the
cognitive
capacities
that
allow
for
successful
interpretation
expression
meaning.
While
functional
MRI
investigations
able
to
consistently
localize
language
ToM
specific
cortical
regions,
diffusion
point
an
inconsistent
sometimes
overlapping
set
white
matter
tracts
associated
with
these
two
domains.
To
further
examine
may
underlie
domains,
we
use
a
two-tensor
tractography
method
investigate
microstructure
809
participants
from
Human
Connectome
Project.
20
association
(10
in
each
hemisphere)
uniquely
identified
by
leveraging
neuroanatomist-curated
automated
tract
atlas.
The
fractional
anisotropy
(FA),
mean
diffusivity
(MD),
number
streamlines
(NoS)
measured
tract.
Performance
on
neuropsychological
assessments
semantic
memory
(NIH
Toolbox
Picture
Vocabulary
Test,
TPVT)
emotion
perception
(Penn
Emotion
Recognition
PERT)
used
measure
critical
subcomponents
networks,
respectively.
Regression
models
constructed
how
structural
measurements
left
right
influence
performance
across
assessments.
We
find
is
influenced
superior
longitudinal
fasciculus
III
(SLF-III),
SLF-III.
Additionally,
both
&
FA
arcuate
(AF).
results
multiple,
domains
ToM.
Results
discussed
terms
hemispheric
dominance
concordance
prior
investigations.
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
56, P. 101123 - 101123
Published: June 15, 2022
Resting-state
functional
connectivity
(rsFC)
measured
with
fMRI
has
been
used
to
characterize
brain
maturation
in
typically
and
atypically
developing
children
adults.
However,
its
reliability
utility
for
predicting
development
infants
toddlers
is
less
well
understood.
Here,
we
use
data
from
the
Baby
Connectome
Project
study
measure
uniqueness
of
rsFC
predict
age
this
sample
(8-to-26
months
old;
n
=
170).
We
observed
medium
within-session
infant
our
sample,
found
that
individual
toddler’s
connectomes
were
sufficiently
distinct
successful
connectome
fingerprinting.
Next,
trained
tested
support
vector
regression
models
age-at-scan
rsFC.
Models
successfully
predicted
novel
infants’
within
±
3.6
error
a
prediction
R2
.51.
To
anatomy
predictive
networks,
grouped
connections
into
11
infant-specific
resting-state
networks
defined
data-driven
manner.
between
regions
same
network—i.e.
within-network
connections—predicted
significantly
better
than
between-network
connections.
Looking
ahead,
these
findings
can
help
changes
organization
infancy
toddlerhood
inform
work
developmental
outcome
measures
range.
Network Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
7(3), P. 1080 - 1108
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
A
rapidly
emerging
application
of
network
neuroscience
in
neuroimaging
studies
has
provided
useful
tools
to
understand
individual
differences
intrinsic
brain
function
by
mapping
spontaneous
activity,
namely
functional
(ifNN).
However,
the
variability
methodologies
applied
across
ifNN
studies-with
respect
node
definition,
edge
construction,
and
graph
measurements-makes
it
difficult
directly
compare
findings
also
challenging
for
end
users
select
optimal
strategies
networks.
Here,
we
aim
provide
a
benchmark
best
practices
systematically
comparing
measurement
reliability
under
different
analytical
using
test-retest
design
Human
Connectome
Project.
The
results
uncovered
four
essential
principles
guide
studies:
(1)
use
whole
parcellation
define
nodes,
including
subcortical
cerebellar
regions;
(2)
construct
networks
activity
multiple
slow
bands;
(3)
optimize
topological
economy
at
level;
(4)
characterize
information
flow
with
specific
metrics
integration
segregation.
We
built
an
interactive
online
resource
assessments
future
(https://ibraindata.com/research/ifNN).
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Nov. 26, 2024
Abstract
Traditional
models
of
human
brain
activity
often
represent
it
as
a
network
pairwise
interactions
between
regions.
Going
beyond
this
limitation,
recent
approaches
have
been
proposed
to
infer
higher-order
from
temporal
signals
involving
three
or
more
However,
day
remains
unclear
whether
methods
based
on
inferred
outperform
traditional
ones
for
the
analysis
fMRI
data.
To
address
question,
we
conducted
comprehensive
using
time
series
100
unrelated
subjects
Human
Connectome
Project.
We
show
that
greatly
enhance
our
ability
decode
dynamically
various
tasks,
improve
individual
identification
unimodal
and
transmodal
functional
subsystems,
strengthen
significantly
associations
behavior.
Overall,
approach
sheds
new
light
organization
series,
improving
characterization
dynamic
group
dependencies
in
rest
revealing
vast
space
unexplored
structures
within
data,
which
may
remain
hidden
when
approaches.
Human Brain Mapping,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
44(4), P. 1647 - 1665
Published: Dec. 20, 2022
Abstract
Central
to
modern
neuroscientific
theories
of
human
intelligence
is
the
notion
that
general
depends
on
a
primary
brain
region
or
network,
engaging
spatially
localized
(rather
than
global)
neural
representations.
Recent
findings
in
network
neuroscience,
however,
challenge
this
assumption,
providing
evidence
may
depend
system‐wide
mechanisms,
suggesting
local
representations
are
necessary
but
not
sufficient
account
for
architecture
intelligence.
Despite
importance
key
theoretical
distinction,
prior
research
has
systematically
investigated
role
versus
global
predicting
We
conducted
large‐scale
connectome‐based
predictive
modeling
study
(
N
=
297),
administering
resting‐state
fMRI
and
comprehensive
cognitive
battery
evaluate
efficacy
intelligence,
including
(Lateral
Prefrontal
Cortex
Theory,
Parieto‐Frontal
Integration
Multiple
Demand
Theory)
recent
accounts
(Process
Overlap
Theory
Network
Neuroscience
Theory).
The
results
our
demonstrate
can
be
predicted
by
functional
connectivity
profiles
most
robustly
explained
whole‐brain
connectivity.
Our
further
suggest
improved
reducible
greater
strength
number
connections,
instead
from
considering
both
strong
weak
connections
provide
basis
(as
highlight
context
information‐processing
architecture,
future
directions
theory‐driven
mechanisms
underlying