Glutamatergic Signaling in the Central Nervous System: Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors in Concert

Neuron, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 98(6), P. 1080 - 1098

Published: June 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Distributed synergistic plasticity and cerebellar learning

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 619 - 635

Published: Aug. 16, 2012

Language: Английский

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The BCM theory of synapse modification at 30: interaction of theory with experiment

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 798 - 810

Published: Oct. 19, 2012

Language: Английский

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A role for synaptic plasticity in the adolescent development of executive function

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. e238 - e238

Published: March 5, 2013

Adolescent brain maturation is characterized by the emergence of executive function mediated prefrontal cortex, e.g., goal planning, inhibition impulsive behavior and set shifting. Synaptic pruning excitatory contacts signature morphologic event late during adolescence. Mounting evidence suggests that glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity, in particular long term depression (LTD), important for elimination development. This review examines possibility (1) LTD mechanisms are enhanced cortex adolescence due to ongoing this developing (2) plasticity represents a key molecular substrate underlying critical period function. Molecular sites interaction between environmental factors, such as alcohol stress, receptor considered. The accentuated negative impact these factors may be part interference with refine cortical circuitry when disrupted derail normal Diminished control over risk-taking could further exacerbate outcomes associated behaviors, example addiction depression. Greater insight into neurobiology adolescent needed fully understand basis heightened vulnerability injurious effects substance abuse stress.

Language: Английский

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Contrasting forms of cocaine-evoked plasticity control components of relapse

Nature, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 509(7501), P. 459 - 464

Published: May 20, 2014

Language: Английский

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Translational Control in Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Dysfunction

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 17 - 38

Published: July 8, 2014

Activity-dependent changes in the strength of synaptic connections are fundamental to formation and maintenance memory. The mechanisms underlying persistent hippocampus, specifically long-term potentiation depression, depend on new protein synthesis. Such thought be orchestrated by engaging signaling pathways that regulate mRNA translation neurons. In this review, we discuss key regulatory govern translational control response activity populations targeted these pathways. critical contribution over synthesis proper cognitive function is underscored human disorders associated with either silencing or mutation genes encoding proteins directly translation. light clinical implications, also consider therapeutic potential targeting dysregulated treat dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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mTOR in Brain Physiology and Pathologies

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 95(4), P. 1157 - 1187

Published: Aug. 13, 2015

TOR (target of rapamycin) and its mammalian ortholog mTOR have been discovered in an effort to understand the mechanisms action immunosuppressant drug rapamycin extracted from a bacterium Easter Island (Rapa Nui) soil. is serine/threonine kinase found two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 mTORC2, which are differentially regulated by great number nutrients such as glucose amino acids, energy (oxygen ATP/AMP content), growth factors, hormones, neurotransmitters. controls many basic cellular functions protein synthesis, metabolism, cell size, lipid autophagy, mitochondria, lysosome biogenesis. In addition, mTOR-controlled signaling pathways regulate integrated physiological nervous system including neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, memory storage, cognition. Thus it not surprising that deregulation associated with neurological psychiatric disorders. Preclinical preliminary clinical studies indicate inhibition can be beneficial for some pathological conditions epilepsy, cognitive impairment, brain tumors, whereas stimulation (direct or indirect) other pathologies depression axonal regeneration.

Language: Английский

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The role of AMPA receptors in postsynaptic mechanisms of synaptic plasticity

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 27, 2014

In the mammalian central nervous system, excitatory glutamatergic synapses harness neurotransmission that is mediated by ion flow through AMPA receptors. AMPARs, which are enriched in post-synaptic membrane on dendritic spines, highly dynamic, and shuttle out of an activity-dependent manner. Changes their number, subunit composition, phosphorylation state, accessory proteins can all regulate AMPARs thus modify synaptic strength support cellular forms learning. Furthermore, dysregulation AMPAR plasticity has been implicated various pathological states important consequences for mental health. Here we focus mechanisms control plasticity, drawing particularly from extensive studies hippocampal synapses, highlight recent advances field along with considerations future directions.

Language: Английский

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Shared Synaptic Pathophysiology in Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Rodent Models of Autism

Science, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 338(6103), P. 128 - 132

Published: Sept. 15, 2012

Reversing Autism in Mice comprises a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by defects communication and social inter action. A nonsyndromic forms autism is associated with mutations the neuroligin genes, which encode postsynaptic adhesion molecules. Using reversible knockout approach, Baudouin et al. (p. 128 , published online 13 September) investigated vivo functions neuroligin-3 mouse cerebellum. Mutant mice showed major defect metabotropic glutamate receptor–dependent, long-term potentiation; disrupted heterosynaptic competition; ectopic synapse formation vivo. These synaptic could be rescued reactivation gene adult.

Language: Английский

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Motor thalamus integration of cortical, cerebellar and basal ganglia information: implications for normal and parkinsonian conditions

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2013

Motor thalamus (Mthal) is implicated in the control of movement because it strategically located between motor areas cerebral cortex and motor-related subcortical structures, such as cerebellum basal ganglia (BG). The role BG has been extensively studied but how Mthal processes inputs from these two networks unclear. Specifically, there considerable debate about on activity. This review summarises anatomical physiological knowledge its afferents reviews current theories function by discussing impact cortical, cerebellar One view that activity cerebellar-receiving territories primarily “driven” glutamatergic or cerebellum, respectively, whereas are modulatory do not strongly determine theory steeped assumption information same way sensory thalamus, through interactions with a single driver input. Another view, models, exert primary BG-receiving so effectively relays to cortex. We propose new “super-integrator” where each territory multiple driver-like (cortex BG, cerebellum), which result integrative processing. Thus, assimilate motivational proprioceptive previously integrated cortico-BG cortico-cerebellar networks, develop sophisticated signals transmitted parallel pathways cortical for optimal generation programmes. Finally, we briefly pathophysiological changes occur parkinsonism generate testable hypotheses may affect processing Mthal.

Language: Английский

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