A quantitative framework for whole-body coordination reveals specific deficits in freely walking ataxic mice

eLife, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Oct. 3, 2015

The coordination of movement across the body is a fundamental, yet poorly understood aspect motor control. Mutant mice with cerebellar circuit defects exhibit characteristic impairments in locomotor coordination; however, fundamental features this gait ataxia have not been effectively isolated. Here we describe novel system (LocoMouse) for analyzing limb, head, and tail kinematics freely walking mice. Analysis visibly ataxic Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) reveals that while differences forward motion individual paws are fully accounted by changes speed size, more complex 3D trajectories and, especially, inter-limb whole-body specifically impaired. Moreover, deficits pcd consistent failure to predict compensate consequences body. These results isolate specific provide quantitative framework understanding contributions coordinated locomotion.

Language: Английский

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Measuring behavior across scales

BMC Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2018

The need for high-throughput, precise, and meaningful methods measuring behavior has been amplified by our recent successes in manipulating neural circuitry. largest challenges associated with moving this direction, however, are not technical but instead conceptual: what numbers should one put on the movements an animal is performing (or performing)? In review, I will describe how theoretical data analytical ideas interfacing recently-developed computational experimental methodologies to answer these questions across a variety of contexts, length scales, time scales. attempt highlight commonalities between approaches areas where further advances necessary place same quantitative footing as other scientific fields.

Language: Английский

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Automated markerless pose estimation in freely moving macaques with OpenMonkeyStudio

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2020

Abstract The rhesus macaque is an important model species in several branches of science, including neuroscience, psychology, ethology, and medicine. utility the would be greatly enhanced by ability to precisely measure behavior freely moving conditions. Existing approaches do not provide sufficient tracking. Here, we describe OpenMonkeyStudio, a deep learning-based markerless motion capture system for estimating 3D pose macaques large unconstrained environments. Our makes use 62 machine vision cameras that encircle open 2.45 m × 2.75 enclosure. resulting multiview image streams allow data augmentation via 3D-reconstruction annotated images train robust view-invariant neural network. This view invariance represents advance over previous 2D tracking approaches, allows fully automatic inference on natural motion. We show OpenMonkeyStudio can used accurately recognize actions track social interactions.

Language: Английский

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A Shared Vision for Machine Learning in Neuroscience

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 38(7), P. 1601 - 1607

Published: Jan. 26, 2018

With ever-increasing advancements in technology, neuroscientists are able to collect data greater volumes and with finer resolution. The bottleneck understanding how the brain works is consequently shifting away from amount type of we can toward what actually do data. There has been a growing interest leveraging this vast volume across levels analysis, measurement techniques, experimental paradigms gain more insight into function. Such efforts visible at an international scale, emergence big neuroscience initiatives, such as BRAIN initiative (Bargmann et al., 2014), Human Brain Project, Connectome National Institute Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria initiative. these large-scale projects, much thought given data-sharing groups (Poldrack Gorgolewski, 2014; Sejnowski 2014); however, even funding mechanisms, infrastructure, there still exists challenge cohesively integrate all At multiple stages investigation, machine learning holds great promise addition arsenal analysis tools for discovering works.

Language: Английский

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If a fish can pass the mark test, what are the implications for consciousness and self-awareness testing in animals?

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. e3000021 - e3000021

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

The ability to perceive and recognise a reflected mirror image as self (mirror self-recognition, MSR) is considered hallmark of cognition across species. Although MSR has been reported in mammals birds, it not known occur any other major taxon. Potentially limiting our test for taxa that the established assay, mark test, requires animals display contingency testing self-directed behaviour. These behaviours may be difficult humans interpret taxonomically divergent animals, especially those lack dexterity (or limbs) required touch mark. Here, we show fish, cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, shows behaviour reasonably interpreted passing through all phases test: (i) social reactions towards reflection, (ii) repeated idiosyncratic mirror, (iii) frequent observation their reflection. When subsequently provided with coloured tag modified fish attempt remove by scraping body presence but no response transparent marks or absence mirror. This remarkable finding presents challenge interpretation test—do accept these behavioural responses, which are taken evidence self-recognition species during lead conclusion self-aware? Or do rather decide patterns have basis cognitive process than pass test? If former, what does this mean understanding animal intelligence? latter, application metric abilities?This Short Report received both positive negative reviews experts. Academic Editor written an accompanying Primer publishing alongside article (https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000112). linked complementary expert perspective; discusses how current study should context against self-awareness wide range animals.

Language: Английский

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