Pain,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
160(12), P. 2655 - 2660
Published: Aug. 10, 2019
aDepartments
of
Anesthesiology
and
Pain
Medicine
bPsychiatry
Behavioral
Sciences,
University
Washington
School
Medicine,
Seattle,
WA,
United
States
cNational
Institutes
Health,
Bethesda,
MD,
*Corresponding
author.
Address:
Department
Box
356540,
WA
98195-6560.
Tel.:
(206)
543
2568;
fax:
2958.
E-mail
address:
[email
protected]
(J.C.
Ballantyne).
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article.
Supplemental
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journal's
Web
site
(www.painjournalonline.com).
Pain,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
159(12), P. 2421 - 2436
Published: Sept. 17, 2018
Abstract
It
is
well-recognized
that,
despite
similar
pain
characteristics,
some
people
with
chronic
recover,
whereas
others
do
not.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
possible
contributions
and
interactions
of
biological,
social,
psychological
perturbations
that
underlie
the
evolution
treatment-resistant
pain.
Behavior
brain
are
intimately
implicated
in
production
maintenance
perception.
Our
understandings
potential
mechanisms
produce
or
exacerbate
persistent
remain
relatively
unclear.
We
provide
an
overview
these
how
differences
relative
contribution
dimensions
such
as
stress,
age,
genetics,
environment,
immune
responsivity
may
different
risk
profiles
for
disease
development,
severity,
chronicity.
propose
concept
“stickiness”
a
soubriquet
capturing
multiple
influences
on
persistence
behavior,
their
stubborn
resistance
to
therapeutic
intervention.
then
focus
neurobiology
reward
aversion
address
alterations
synaptic
complexity,
neural
networks,
systems
(eg,
opioidergic
dopaminergic)
contribute
stickiness.
Finally,
integration
neurobiological
what
known
about
environmental
social
demands
behavior
explore
treatment
approaches
based
nature
individual's
vulnerability
protection
from
allostatic
load.
Anesthesia & Analgesia,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
125(5), P. 1769 - 1778
Published: Oct. 20, 2017
An
overreliance
on
opioids
has
impacted
all
types
of
pain
management,
making
it
undoubtedly
a
root
cause
the
"epidemic"
prescription
opioid
abuse
in
United
States.
Yet,
an
examination
statistics
that
led
US
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention
to
declare
had
reached
epidemic
levels
shows
occurrences
deaths
are
arising
outside
hospital
or
hospice
setting,
which
strongly
implicates
outpatient
use
treat
chronic
pain.
Such
related
occurring
patients
themselves
also
through
diversion.
Overprescribing
outpatients
afforded
distressed
vulnerable
individuals
access
these
highly
addictive
drugs.
The
focus
this
article
is
what
we
have
learned
since
treatment
was
first
popularized
at
end
20th
century
how
new
information
can
guide
management
future.
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 503 - 528
Published: Dec. 19, 2018
Pain
and
substance
use
are
highly
prevalent
co-occurring
conditions
that
continue
to
garner
increasing
clinical
empirical
interest.
Although
nicotine
tobacco,
alcohol,
cannabis
each
confer
acute
analgesic
effects,
frequent
or
heavy
may
contribute
the
development
progression
of
chronic
pain,
pain
be
heightened
during
abstinence.
Additionally,
can
a
potent
motivator
self-administration,
it
escalating
poorer
substance-related
treatment
outcomes.
We
integrated
converging
lines
evidence
propose
reciprocal
model
in
which
hypothesized
interact
manner
positive
feedback
loop,
resulting
exacerbation
maintenance
both
over
time.
Theoretical
mechanisms
bidirectional
pain-substance
relations
reviewed,
including
negative
reinforcement,
social
cognitive
processes,
allostatic
load
overlapping
neural
circuitry.
Finally,
candidate
transdiagnostic
factors
identified,
we
conclude
with
discussion
implications
future
research
directions.
JAMA Internal Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
182(4), P. 407 - 407
Published: Feb. 28, 2022
Successful
treatment
of
opioid
misuse
among
people
with
chronic
pain
has
proven
elusive.
Guidelines
recommend
nonopioid
therapies,
but
the
efficacy
mindfulness-based
interventions
for
is
uncertain.