bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 8, 2024
Abstract
The
ventral
tegmental
area
(VTA)
contains
projection
neurons
that
release
the
neurotransmitters
dopamine,
GABA,
and/or
glutamate
from
distal
synapses.
VTA
also
GABA
synapse
locally
on
to
dopamine
neurons,
synapses
widely
credited
a
population
of
so-called
interneurons.
Interneurons
in
cortex,
striatum,
and
elsewhere
have
well-defined
morphological
features,
physiological
properties,
molecular
markers,
but
such
features
not
been
clearly
described
VTA.
Indeed,
there
is
scant
evidence
local
originate
separate
populations
neurons.
In
this
study
we
tested
whether
several
markers
expressed
non-dopamine
are
selective
interneurons,
defined
as
distally.
Challenging
previous
assumptions,
found
genetically
by
expression
parvalbumin,
somatostatin,
neurotensin,
or
mu-opioid
receptor
project
known
targets
including
nucleus
accumbens,
pallidum,
lateral
habenula,
prefrontal
cortex.
Moreover,
provide
make
functional
inhibitory
excitatory
within
These
findings
suggest
collaterals
could
mediate
functions
prior
attributed
This
underscores
need
for
refined
understanding
connectivity
explain
how
heterogeneous
circuits
diverse
related
reward,
motivation,
addiction.
Significance
statement
key
regulators
considered
central
mechanisms
which
opioids
other
drugs
abuse
can
induce
Conventionally,
these
abundant
VTA,
it
unclear
if
represent
populations.
We
enriched
Mu-opioid
receptor,
thus
interneuron
markers.
collateralize
where
they
data
challenge
notion
only
serve
previously
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 15, 2022
Opioids
mediate
their
effects
via
opioid
receptors:
mu,
delta,
and
kappa.
At
the
neuronal
level,
receptors
are
generally
inhibitory,
presynaptically
reducing
neurotransmitter
release
postsynaptically
hyperpolarizing
neurons.
However,
receptor-mediated
regulation
of
function
synaptic
transmission
is
not
uniform
in
expression
pattern
mechanism
across
brain.
The
localization
within
specific
cell
types
neurocircuits
determine
that
endogenous
exogenous
opioids
have
on
brain
function.
In
this
review
we
will
explore
similarities
differences
neurotransmission
different
regions.
We
discuss
how
future
studies
can
consider
potential
cell-type,
regional,
neural
pathway-specific
order
to
better
understand
modulate
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Aug. 23, 2023
Chronic
pain
causes
both
physical
suffering
and
comorbid
mental
symptoms
such
as
anhedonia.
However,
the
neural
circuits
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
these
maladaptive
behaviors
remain
elusive.
Here
using
a
mouse
model,
we
report
pathway
from
vesicular
glutamate
transporter
3
neurons
in
dorsal
raphe
nucleus
to
dopamine
ventral
tegmental
area
(VGluT3DRN→DAVTA)
wherein
population-level
activity
response
innocuous
mechanical
stimuli
sucrose
consumption
is
inhibited
by
chronic
neuropathic
pain.
Mechanistically,
dampens
VGluT3DRN
→
DAVTA
glutamatergic
transmission
excitability.
activation
alleviates
anhedonia-like
behavior
(CAB)
releasing
glutamate,
which
subsequently
promotes
DA
release
accumbens
medial
shell
(NAcMed)
produces
analgesic
anti-anhedonia
effects
via
D2
D1
receptors,
respectively.
In
addition,
inhibition
pain-like
reflexive
hypersensitivity
intact
mice.
These
findings
reveal
crucial
role
for
D2/D1NAcMed
establishing
modulating
CAB.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18
Published: April 8, 2024
Periaqueductal
gray
(PAG),
an
integration
center
for
neuronal
signals,
is
located
in
the
midbrain
and
regulates
multiple
physiological
pathological
behaviors,
including
pain,
defensive
aggressive
anxiety
depression,
cardiovascular
response,
respiration,
sleep-wake
behaviors.
Due
to
different
neuroanatomical
connections
functional
characteristics
of
four
columns
PAG,
subregions
PAG
synergistically
regulate
various
instinctual
In
current
review,
we
summarized
role
possible
neurobiological
mechanism
regulation
anxiety,
depression
from
perspective
up-down
circuits
PAG.
Furthermore,
proposed
potential
clinical
applications
Knowledge
these
aspects
will
give
us
a
better
understanding
key
behaviors
provide
directions
future
treatments.
Brain Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 815 - 815
Published: May 17, 2023
The
functional
interplay
between
the
corticolimbic
GABAergic
and
opioidergic
systems
plays
a
crucial
role
in
regulating
reward
system
cognitive
aspects
of
motivational
behaviors
leading
to
development
addictive
disorders.
This
review
provides
summary
shared
mechanisms
transmission,
which
modulate
activity
dopaminergic
neurons
located
ventral
tegmental
area
(VTA),
central
hub
mechanisms.
comprehensively
covers
neuroanatomical
neurobiological
inhibitory
that
express
opioid
receptors,
act
as
modulators
transmission.
presence
GABA
receptors
on
same
allows
for
modulation
area,
key
brain.
colocalization
their
immunochemical
markers
can
provide
comprehensive
understanding
clinicians
researchers,
revealing
neuronal
circuits
contribute
system.
Moreover,
this
highlights
importance
transmission-induced
neuroplasticity
under
receptors.
It
discusses
interactive
reinforcement
learning,
network
oscillation,
aversive
behaviors,
local
feedback
or
feedforward
inhibitions
Understanding
these
may
lead
new
therapeutic
approaches
addiction,
reward-related
disorders,
drug-induced
impairment.