Biological Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
95(6), P. 592 - 600
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Neuroplasticity,
or
activity-dependent
neuronal
change,
is
a
crucial
mechanism
underlying
the
mechanisms
of
effect
many
therapies
for
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
one
which
repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS).
Understanding
neuroplastic
effects
rTMS
at
different
biological
scales
and
on
timescales
how
interact
with
each
other
can
help
us
understand
in
clinical
populations
offers
potential
to
improve
treatment
outcomes.
Several
decades
research
fields
neuroimaging
blood
biomarkers
increasingly
showing
its
relevance,
allowing
measurement
synaptic,
functional,
structural
changes
involved
neuroplasticity
humans.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
describe
evidence
rTMS-induced
multiple
levels
nervous
system,
focus
psychiatric
disorders.
We
also
relationship
between
effects,
discuss
methods
optimize
neuroplasticity,
identify
future
opportunities
area.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: July 7, 2022
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
devastating
psychiatric
which
exacts
enormous
personal
and
social-economic
burdens.
Ketamine,
an
N
-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor
(NMDAR)
antagonist,
has
been
discovered
to
exert
rapid
sustained
antidepressant-like
actions
on
MDD
patients
animal
models.
However,
the
dissociation
psychotomimetic
propensities
of
ketamine
have
limited
its
use
for
indications.
Here,
we
review
recently
proposed
mechanistic
hypotheses
regarding
how
exerts
actions.
Ketamine
may
potentiate
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic
acid
(AMPAR)-mediated
transmission
in
pyramidal
neurons
by
disinhibition
and/or
blockade
spontaneous
NMDAR-mediated
neurotransmission.
also
activate
neuroplasticity-
synaptogenesis-relevant
signaling
pathways,
converge
key
components
like
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)/tropomyosin
kinase
B
(TrkB)
target
rapamycin
(mTOR).
These
processes
subsequently
rebalance
excitatory/inhibitory
restore
neural
network
integrity
that
compromised
depression.
Understanding
mechanisms
underpinning
ketamine’s
at
cellular
circuit
level
will
drive
development
safe
effective
pharmacological
interventions
treatment
MDD.
Trends in Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
29(5), P. 364 - 375
Published: March 10, 2023
Acute
administration
of
(R,S)-ketamine
(ketamine)
produces
rapid
antidepressant
effects
that
in
some
patients
can
be
sustained
for
several
days
to
more
than
a
week.
Ketamine
blocks
N-methyl-d-asparate
(NMDA)
receptors
(NMDARs)
elicit
specific
downstream
signaling
induces
novel
form
synaptic
plasticity
the
hippocampus
has
been
linked
action.
These
events
lead
subsequent
transcriptional
changes
are
involved
effects.
Here
we
review
how
ketamine
triggers
this
intracellular
pathway
mediate
which
underlies
and
links
it
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
124(1), P. 124 - 163
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Psychedelics
make
up
a
group
of
psychoactive
compounds
that
induce
hallucinogenic
effects
by
activating
the
serotonin
2A
receptor
(5-HT2AR).
Clinical
trials
have
demonstrated
traditional
psychedelic
substances
like
psilocybin
as
class
rapid-acting
and
long-lasting
antidepressants.
However,
there
is
pressing
need
for
rationally
designed
5-HT2AR
agonists
possess
optimal
pharmacological
profiles
in
order
to
fully
reveal
therapeutic
potential
these
identify
safer
drug
candidates
devoid
effects.
This
Perspective
provides
an
overview
structure–activity
relationships
existing
based
on
their
chemical
classifications
discusses
recent
advancements
understanding
molecular
pharmacology
at
structural
level.
The
encouraging
clinical
outcomes
psychedelics
depression
treatment
sparked
discovery
endeavors
aimed
developing
novel
with
improved
subtype
selectivity
signaling
bias
properties,
which
could
serve
potentially
nonhallucinogenic
These
efforts
can
be
significantly
expedited
through
utilization
structure-based
methods
functional
selectivity-directed
screening.
Biological Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
95(6), P. 592 - 600
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Neuroplasticity,
or
activity-dependent
neuronal
change,
is
a
crucial
mechanism
underlying
the
mechanisms
of
effect
many
therapies
for
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
one
which
repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS).
Understanding
neuroplastic
effects
rTMS
at
different
biological
scales
and
on
timescales
how
interact
with
each
other
can
help
us
understand
in
clinical
populations
offers
potential
to
improve
treatment
outcomes.
Several
decades
research
fields
neuroimaging
blood
biomarkers
increasingly
showing
its
relevance,
allowing
measurement
synaptic,
functional,
structural
changes
involved
neuroplasticity
humans.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
describe
evidence
rTMS-induced
multiple
levels
nervous
system,
focus
psychiatric
disorders.
We
also
relationship
between
effects,
discuss
methods
optimize
neuroplasticity,
identify
future
opportunities
area.
