Insect Taste

CABI eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 79 - 93

Published: March 26, 2024

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Nutritional state-dependent modulation of Insulin-Producing Cells inDrosophila

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 29, 2024

Insulin plays a key role in metabolic homeostasis across vertebrate and invertebrate species. Drosophila Insulin-Producing Cells (IPCs) are functional analogues to mammalian pancreatic beta cells release insulin directly into circulation. IPC activity is modulated by nutrient availability, circadian time, the behavioral state. To investigate vivo dynamics of context homeostasis, we quantified effects nutritional internal state changes on IPCs using electrophysiological recordings. We found that strongly modulates activity. became less active with increasing periods starvation. Refeeding starved flies glucose or fructose, two nutritive sugars, significantly increased activity, whereas non-nutritive sugar protein had no effect. In contrast feeding, perfusion did not affect This was reminiscent incretin effect, which ingestion drives higher than intravenous application. Contrary IPCs, Diuretic hormone 44-expressing neurons pars intercerebralis (DH44 PI Ns), anatomically similar responded perfusion. Functional connectivity experiments demonstrated glucose-sensing DH44 Ns do while other DH44Ns inhibit IPCs. suggests populations autonomously systemically sugar-sensing work parallel maintain homeostasis. Ultimately, behavior. For example, hungry increase their locomotor search food. support this idea, activating small, satiety-like effect flies, resulting reduced walking Taken together, show an integral part sophisticated modulatory network orchestrates adaptive behavior response shifts

Language: Английский

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dArc1 controls sugar reward valuation in Drosophila melanogaster

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

ABSTRACT The Arc genes — which include Drosophila Arc1 and Arc2 ( dArc ) evolved from Ty3 retrotransposons encode proteins that form virus-like capsids. These capsids enable a novel of intercellular communication by transferring RNAs between cells. However, the specific neuronal circuits brain processes signaling regulates remain unknown. Here, we show loss both in melanogaster enhances associative learning an appetitive conditioning paradigm, where flies associate odor with sugar rewards. This increased performance arises valuation rewards: unlike wild-type flies, -/- abnormally strong associations even when reward is small or has no caloric value. We found γ5-dopaminergic neurons protocerebral anterior medial (PAM) cluster, positive valence rewards, heightened activity response to sucrose flies. further phenotype depends on formation capsids, underscoring direct role for capsid-mediated valuation. Our findings establish as critical regulators D. , acting through non-cell autonomous mechanism relies

Language: Английский

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Mating activates neuroendocrine pathways signaling hunger inDrosophilafemales

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Summary Mated females reallocate resources to offspring production, causing changes in nutritional requirements and challenges energy homeostasis. Although observed most species, the neural endocrine mechanisms that regulate needs of mated are not well understood. Here, we investigate circuitry regulates sugar appetite Drosophila melanogaster females. During copulation, a male-derived sex peptide is transferred females, silencing mating status circuit elicit many postmating behavioral 1-3 . We find increased sucrose consumption postmated female behavior show it mediated by circuit. discovered sexually dimorphic insulin receptor (Lgr3) neurons integrate state signals adjust consumption. Lgr3+ cells receive inhibitory input from via specific pCd-2 neurons. In inhibition Lgr3 attenuated, transforming signal into long-term hunger promotes intake. Our results thus demonstrate alters nutrient sensing centers promote consumption, providing mechanism increase intake anticipation energetic costs associated with reproduction.

Language: Английский

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Deterministic Genetic Barcoding for Multiplexed Behavioral and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Studies

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2023

Abstract Advances in single-cell sequencing technologies have provided novel insights into the dynamics of gene expression throughout development, been used to characterize somatic variation and heterogeneity within tissues, are currently enabling construction transcriptomic cell atlases. However, despite these remarkable advances, linking anatomical information data positively identifying types that correspond clusters sets remains a challenge. We describe straightforward genetic barcoding approach takes advantage powerful tools available Drosophila allow vivo tagging defined populations. This method, called Ta rgeted G enetically- E ncoded M ultiplexing (TaG-EM), involves inserting DNA barcode just upstream polyadenylation site Gal4-inducible UAS-GFP construct so sequence can be read out during sequencing, labeling population interest. By creating many such independently barcoded fly strains, TaG-EM will enable number potential applications improve quality content including positive identification atlas projects, multiplet droplets, experimental timepoints, conditions, replicates. Furthermore, we demonstrate barcodes from lines using next-generation facilitate population-scale behavioral measurements. Thus, has large-scale screens addition improving ability reliably annotate data, expanding scope, robustness experiments.

Language: Английский

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