Reduced Modulation of Theta and Beta Oscillations Mediates Empathy Impairment in Parkinson's Disease

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Empathy is an inaccessible part of advanced social cognitive functions in humans. Impairment empathy greatly affects the quality life patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) but underlying neurophysiologic mechanisms have not been established. Objectives The dynamic process brain oscillations PD pain was explored and mechanism damage studied. Methods A total 27 13 healthy controls were recruited to undergo a judgment task, event‐related potentials recorded. This study compared changes theta beta among two groups after presentation painful neutral stimuli. Results Time–frequency analysis results revealed that exhibited oscillation synchronization desynchronization during empathy. Compared controls, reduced magnitude response stimuli attenuated induced by There are abnormal power differences between stimuli, while no found PD. Moreover, positive correlation existed degree associated accuracy judgments. Conclusion Pain deficits modulation oscillations.

Language: Английский

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Roles of mediodorsal thalamus in observational fear-related neural activity in mouse anterior cingulate cortex

Molecular Brain, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract Observational fear (OF) is the ability to vicariously experience and learn from another’s fearful situation, enabling adaptive responses crucial for survival. It has been shown that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) basolateral amygdala (BLA) are OF. A subset of neurons in ACC activated when observing aversive events demonstrator, which elicits However, neural circuit mechanisms underlying expression OF-related activity remain unexplored. Previous studies have mediodorsal thalamus (MD) OF, MD project ACC. Therefore, we hypothesize projection may facilitate By utilizing vivo calcium imaging combined with optogenetic terminal inhibition MD-ACC pathway, found a was demonstrator’s situation male mice. Furthermore, during moments significantly suppressed Our data suggests plays role neurons.

Language: Английский

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The lateralized LC-NAergic system distinguishes vicarious versus direct fear in mice

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 10, 2025

Fear can be induced either directly through self-experience of aversive events or vicariously by observing conspecifics experiencing such events. The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NA) system is crucial in fear responses and cognitive processes. We investigated whether the LC-NA differentially processes these two types fear, direct vicarious male mice. results highlighted that right hemisphere LC→anterior cingulate cortex pathway uniquely for while inputs to LC—from bed nucleus stria terminalis (BNST) central amygdala (CeA)—differentially contribute processing. BNST plays a more targeted role CeA has broader influence on general. This underscores complexity specialization within fear-processing. arises vicariously, with involved both. Here, authors show LC → ACC key provide distinct LC, highlighting its complex fear.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing mPFC to BLA information transmission through chemical genetics to improve exploratory behavior in chronic stress rats

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 225, P. 111335 - 111335

Published: April 8, 2025

The pathogenesis of depression is fundamentally linked to the dysregulation neural circuit structure and function. Notably, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) basolateral amygdala (BLA) are critical brain regions in regulation depression-related behaviors. Depressed rats exhibited attenuated messaging between mPFC BLA, along with abnormally enhanced theta oscillations BLA during execution an exploratory task. However, whether specific activation improves behavior recovery mediated by mPFC-BLA circuitry unknown. We modeled using chronic unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS) employed chemogenetic approaches selectively activate glutamatergic neurons depressed rats. Through simultaneous monitoring behavioral patterns local field potentials (LFPs) both open-field exploration, we conducted comparative analyses chemogenetically activated sham-stimulated groups. Our investigation focused on oscillation dynamics, network connectivity strength, interregional information transfer behavior. results demonstrated that not only ameliorated deficits but also mPFC-to-BLA while attenuating oscillations. These findings suggest restoration flow may play a crucial role improving behavior, thereby revealing potential mechanism underlying depressive state modulation.

Language: Английский

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Left-Right Brain-Wide Asymmetry of Neuroanatomy in the Mouse Brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 26, 2024

Abstract Left-right asymmetry of the human brain is widespread through its anatomy and function. However, limited microscopic understanding it exists, particularly for anatomical where there are few well-established animal models. In humans, most regions show subtle, population-average regional asymmetries in thickness or surface area, alongside a macro-scale twisting called cerebral petalia which right hemisphere protrudes anteriorly past left. Here, we ask whether neuroanatomical can be observed mice, leveraging 6 mouse neuroimaging cohorts from 5 different research groups (∼3,500 animals). We found an anterior-posterior pattern volume with anterior larger on posterior This appears driven by similar trends area positional asymmetries, results together indicating small brain-wide pattern, to petalia. Furthermore, no apparent relationship known functional emphasizing complexity structure-function asymmetry. By establishing signature aim provide foundation future studies probe mechanistic underpinnings seen humans – feature extremely understanding. Significance Statement The shows significant left-right Understanding basis has implications autism schizophrenia, evolution, embryonic development, between structure function brain. One biggest challenges this aspect that models limited. Here using over 3,500 animals six independent cohorts. These findings mice interrogate roadmap exploring additional species.

Language: Английский

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I feel your pain: higher empathy is associated with higher posterior default mode network activity

Pain, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Empathy is characterized as the ability to share one's experience and associated with altruism. Previous work using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) has found that empathy greater activation in brain mechanisms supporting mentalizing (temporoparietal junction), salience (anterior cingulate cortex; insula), self-reference (medial prefrontal precuneus). However, BOLD fMRI some limitations may not reliably capture tonic of empathy. To address this, present study used a perfusion-based arterial spin labeling approach provides direct quantifiable measurement cerebral flow (1 mL/100 g tissue/min) less susceptible low-frequency fluctuations empathy-based "carry-over" effects be introduced by fMRI-based block designs. Twenty-nine healthy females (mean age = 29 years) were administered noxious heat (48°C; left forearm) during fMRI. In next 2 scans, female volunteers viewed stranger (laboratory technician) their romantic partner, respectively, receive pain-evoking real-time positioned proximal scanner acquisition. Visual analog scale (0 "not unpleasant"; 10 "most unpleasant sensation imaginable") ratings collected after each condition. There was significantly (P 0.01) higher while viewing partner pain right temporoparietal junction, amygdala, anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex, precuneus when compared stranger. Higher primary visual cortical activation. The findings indicate embodiment another's

Language: Английский

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Threat gates visual aversion via theta activity in Tachykinergic neurons

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 13, 2023

Animals must adapt sensory responses to an ever-changing environment for survival. Such modulation is especially critical in a threatening situation, which animals often promote aversive to, among others, visual stimuli. Recently, threatened Drosophila has been shown exhibit defensive internal state. Whether and how promotes aversion, however, remains elusive. Here we report that mechanical threats transiently gate aversion from otherwise neutral object. We further identified the neuropeptide tachykinin, single cluster of neurons expressing it ("Tk-GAL42 ∩ Vglut neurons"), are responsible gating aversion. Calcium imaging analysis revealed encoded Tk-GAL42 as elevated activity. Remarkably, also discovered object θ oscillation, causally linked Our data reveal organismal response situation through combination rate/temporal coding schemes.

Language: Английский

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Parietal-Frontal Pathway Controls Relapse of Fear Memory in a Novel Context

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 100315 - 100315

Published: April 3, 2024

Fear responses significantly affect daily life and shape our approach to uncertainty. However, the potential resurgence of fear in unfamiliar situations poses a significant challenge exposure-based therapies for maladaptive responses. Nonetheless, how novel contextual stimuli are associated with relapse extinguished remains unknown. Using context-dependent renewal model, functional circuits underlying mechanisms posterior parietal cortex (PPC) anterior cingulate (ACC) were investigated using optogenetic, histological, vivo, ex vivo electrophysiological pharmacological techniques. We demonstrated that PPC ACC pathway govern context. observed enhanced populational calcium activity neurons received projections from (PPC→ACC) increased synaptic BLA-projecting PPC→ACC upon context, where excitatory postsynaptic currents amplitudes but inhibitory current decreased. In addition, we found parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons (PPC→ACCPV) control renewal, which was blocked by chronic administration fluoxetine. Our findings highlight mediating contexts, contributing insights into intricate neural renewal.

Language: Английский

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Understanding Others’ Distress Through Past Experiences: The Role of Memory Engram Cells in Observational Fear

Advances in neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 215 - 234

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neuronal mechanism of innate rapid processing of threating animacy cue in primates: insights from the neuronal responses to snake images

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

To survive in nature, it is crucial for animals to promptly and appropriately respond visual information, specifically animacy cues that pose a threat. The subcortical pathway thought be implicated the processing of information necessary these responses. In primates, this consists retina-superior colliculus-pulvinar-amygdala, functioning as bypasses geniculo-striate system (retina-lateral geniculate nucleus-primary cortex). mini review, we summarize recent neurophysiological studies have revealed neural responses threatening cues, namely snake images, different parts closely related brain regions primates. results provide new insights on (1) role innate cognitive mechanisms predator recognition are evolutionarily conserved, (2) possible medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) anterior cingulate (ACC) development fear conditioning should instinctively avoided based signals from pathway, well their function excessive aversive observed conditions such ophidiophobia (snake phobia).

Language: Английский

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