The Neuropsychology of Anxiety

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract The Neuropsychology of Anxiety first appeared in 1982 as the volume Oxford Psychology Series, and it quickly established itself classic work on subject. It second edition (appearing 2000) have been cited at a steadily increasing rate passing 500/year 2017. field has continued to expand last quarter century necessitating this third edition. This completely updated revised (with many figures converted colour) retains original core concepts while expanding often simplifying details. includes new chapter prefrontal cortex, which integrates frontal hippocampal views anxiety an extensively modified personality providing basis for further developments Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. book is essential postgraduate students researchers experimental psychology neuroscience, well all clinical psychologists psychiatrists.

Language: Английский

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The impact of physical activity on inhibitory control of adult ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 14, 2025

We aimed to Investigate physical activity's effects on inhibitory control in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The benefits of activity the ADHD were explored hope providing some suggestions for approaches treating ADHD. searched databases PubMed, Web Science, CNKI and Wanfang randomised controlled trials (RCTs) effect adults with ADHD, using PRISMA guidelines. used Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment Criteria assess methodological quality included studies. Finally, we performed a heterogeneity analysis potential publication bias Revman 5.4. A total eight articles, 14 studies, 373 experimental subjects systematic review meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that both acute exercise (standard mean deviation (SMD) = -0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.10,-0.2, P 0.005) chronic (SMD -1.77, CI -2.84, -0.69, 0.0001) have positive Pilates -2.22, -2.97, -1.47, < 0.0001), Tai Chi -2.20, -6.25, -1.8, 0.25), cycling -0.67, -1.27, -0.08, 0.03), vibration training -1.39, -0.05, 0.07), yoga 0.01, -0.50, -0.48, 0.97), other different styles significant differences their control. Physical has beneficial However, more research is needed examine types activity, intervention modalities, dose-response intensity. This was registered INPLASY (registration number: 202490109).

Language: Английский

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Threat-dependent scaling of prelimbic dynamics to enhance fear representation

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(14), P. 2304 - 2314.e6

Published: May 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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The dorsal and ventral hippocampus contribute differentially to spatial working memory and spatial coding in the prefrontal cortex

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. e3003140 - e3003140

Published: April 23, 2025

The hippocampus (HPC) supports spatial working memory (SWM) through its interactions with the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, it is not clear whether and how dorsal (dHPC) ventral (vHPC) poles of HPC make distinct contributions to SWM they differentially influence PFC. To address this question, we optogenetically silenced dHPC or vHPC while simultaneously recording from PFC mice performing a task. We found that whereas both subregions were necessary during encoding phase task, only was choice phase. Unexpectedly, silencing either subregion did affect neurons’ ability represent animal’s position, but alter represented. In contrast, affected their coding goals. These results thus reveal behaviorally relevant information by neurons.

Language: Английский

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In relentless pursuit of the white whale: A role for the ventral midline thalamus in behavioral flexibility and adaption?

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 105762 - 105762

Published: June 12, 2024

The reuniens (Re) nucleus is located in the ventral midline thalamus. It has fostered increasing interest, not only for its participation a variety of cognitive functions (e.g., spatial working memory, systemic consolidation, reconsolidation, extinction fear or generalization), but also neuroanatomical positioning as bidirectional relay between prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP). In this review we compile discuss recent studies having tackled possible implication Re behavioral flexibility, major PFC-dependent executive function controlling goal-directed behaviors. Experiments considered explored role perseveration, reversal learning, extinction, set-shifting. They point to contribution mainly by connections with PFC, possibly those hippocampus, even amygdala, at least fear-related behavior. As such, could be crucial crossroad supporting PFC-orchestrated ability cope new, potentially unpredictable environmental contingencies, thus flexibility adaption.

Language: Английский

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Taichi on the brain: an activation likelihood estimated meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging data

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Introduction Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is an exercise regimen renowned for its comprehensive benefits to both physical and mental health. The present research endeavor aims elucidate the neurocognitive impacts of TCC compared alternative modalities or therapeutic interventions. Methods A systematic meta-analysis was undertaken, encompassing a rigorous review diverse datasets, wherein 422 scholarly articles were examined, with subset 18 meeting stringent criteria inclusion in analytical framework. Results study cohort comprised 677 participants, characterized by mean age 56.52 ± 14.89 years average educational attainment 11.06 3.32 years. Noteworthy alterations functional neural activity identified within superior frontal gyrus. Discussion This analysis provides significant insights into enduring modifications distinctive contributions cognitive Nevertheless, it imperative acknowledge potential bias smaller magnetic resonance imaging studies owing their inconclusive outcomes. observation underscores critical need collaborative, multicenter initiatives expanded sample sizes enhance robustness generalizability future findings.

Language: Английский

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Prefrontal Cortex Encodes Behavior States Decoupled from Movement

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Trajectories of working memory and decision making abilities along juvenile development in mice

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Rodents commonly serve as model organisms for the investigation of human mental disorders by capitalizing on behavioral commonalities. However, our understanding developmental dynamics complex cognitive abilities in rodents remains incomplete. In this study, we examined spatial working memory well odor-and texture-based decision making mice using a delayed non-match to sample task and two-choice set-shifting task, respectively. Mice were investigated during different stages development: pre-juvenile, juvenile, young adult age. We show that, while improve with age, performance peaks juvenile age showing sex-independent trajectory. Moreover, cFos expression, first proxy neuronal activity, shows distinct age-and brain area-specific changes that relate task-specific performance. The trajectories resemble those previously reported humans.

Language: Английский

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Persistent representation of a prior schema in the orbitofrontal cortex facilitates learning of a conflicting schema

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Schemas allow efficient behavior in new situations, but reliance on them can impair flexibility when demands conflict, culminating psychopathology. Evidence implicates the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) deploying schemas situations congruent with previously acquired knowledge. But how does this role affect learning of a conflicting behavioral schema? Here we addressed question by recording single-unit activity OFC rats odor problems identical external information orthogonal rules governing reward. Consistent schema formation, representations adapted to track underlying rules, and both performance encoding was faster subsequent than initial problems. Surprisingly however, rule reward changed, persistent representation prior correlated acquisition new. Thus, not source interference instead supported accurately independently representing old as acquired.

Language: Английский

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Large-scale coupling of prefrontal activity patterns as a mechanism for cognitive control in health and disease: evidence from rodent models

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: April 4, 2024

Cognitive control of behavior is crucial for well-being, as allows subject to adapt changing environments in a goal-directed way. Changes cognitive observed during decline elderly and pathological mental conditions. Therefore, the recovery may provide reliable preventive therapeutic strategy. However, its neural basis not completely understood. supported by prefrontal cortex, structure that integrates relevant information appropriate organization behavior. At neurophysiological level, it suggested local large-scale synchronization oscillatory activity patterns spiking between cortex distributed networks. In this review, we focus mainly on rodent models approaching neuronal origin these patterns, behavioral relevance coordination with brain systems. We also examine relationship role normal Finally, based body evidence, propose common mechanism underlie impaired

Language: Английский

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