
MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7)
Published: July 1, 2024
Affective disorder is a prevalent chronic mental illness characterized by episodes of mania, depression, or alternating recurrent both. It associated with high suicide rate and low diagnosis rate, leading to severe functional impairments. The disruption sleep rhythm significant contributing factor in affective state transitions, but the underlying cellular neural circuit mechanisms remain poorly understood. In recent publication, Wu et al. developed an innovative mouse model automatic deprivation, unveiling that acute deprivation (SD) leads abnormal excitability distinct dopaminergic (DAergic) subsystems, thereby triggering transition manic-like reversal depression-like mice.1 Firstly, established SD integrating elevated platform rotating beam, effectively reducing both non-rapid eye movement rapid mice while minimizing stress compulsive motion (Figure 1A).1 They found normal exhibited heightened levels hyperactivity, aggression, sexual behavior following 12 h SD. However, this phenomenon reverted basal within 24–48 h, which highly likely restoration sleep-wake warrants further verification. addition, significantly ameliorated behaviors induced learned helplessness mice. Interestingly, antidepressant effect was sustained for at least 72 aligned clinical test.2 These findings indicate can induce hyperactive transformation reverse DAergic nervous system, as vital component ascending reticular plays crucial role essential physiological functions such regulation, emotional modulation, motor coordination.3 Moreover, alterations function circuits contribute various disorders including depression mania.4 precise mechanism system implicated disturbance be elucidated. Using calcium fiber photometry, observed remarkable increase activity neurons ventral tegmental area (VTA) during SD.1 Chemogenetic inhibition VTA not only reversed SD-induced hyperactivity aggressive also reduced attenuation depressive having no on behavior. suggest induces increased neurons, Increasing evidence indicates systems via downstream circuits. To investigate transmission different brain regions, used dopamine sensors monitor release nucleus accumbens (NAc), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hypothalamus (HA), dorsal striatum (dStr).1 During SD, content NAc, mPFC, HA, change detected dStr. applied circuit-specific modulation evaluate their functions. Selectively VTA-NAc increases locomotion, selective VTA-mPFC effects. Intriguingly, VTA-HA counteracted elevation behavior, whereas VTA-dStr did exert any influence these aforementioned behaviors. demonstrate are mediated subsystems project targets. Furthermore, except dopamine, neuromodulators histamine serotonin play pivotal waking-promoting intricately involved regulation emotion. Therefore, investigating contribution transitions equally imperative. Alterations neuroplasticity mPFC closely depression. previously demonstrated ketamine enhances hyperplasia dendritic spines pyramidal receptor D1 (Drd1) receptors, exerting effects.5 wonder if results effects through similar mechanisms. By using Thy1-EGFP mice, they density deep 24 immediate enhancement probability glutamate-induced regeneration after Besides, conditional knockout Drd1 alteration spine regeneration. receptor-dependent neuronal plasticity mPFC. end, genetically encoded photoactivatable Rac1 (PaRac1) selectively eliminate recently activated synapses activating PaRac1 required Overall, mediates spines. inhibiting neonatal suggesting existence alternative conclusion, study demonstrates transmissions contributes diverse SD-associated 1B,C). addition affecting states, impact other cognition memory. This explore Ju Lan Heming Cheng wrote manuscript prepared figure. Zhong Chen provided valuable discussion modified manuscript. All authors have read approved final We appreciate Professor Yi Wang his support study. work supported National Natural Science Foundation China (82204353) Zhejiang Provincial (LY24H310002). declare conflict interest. Not applicable.
Language: Английский