Cell-type-specific propagation of visual flicker

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(5), P. 112492 - 112492

Published: May 1, 2023

Rhythmic flicker stimulation has gained interest as a treatment for neurodegenerative diseases and method frequency tagging neural activity. Yet, little is known about the way in which flicker-induced synchronization propagates across cortical levels impacts different cell types. Here, we use Neuropixels to record from lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), primary visual cortex (V1), CA1 mice while presenting stimuli. LGN neurons show strong phase locking up 40 Hz, whereas substantially weaker V1 absent CA1. Laminar analyses reveal an attenuation of at Hz each processing stage. Gamma-rhythmic predominantly entrains fast-spiking interneurons. Optotagging experiments that these correspond either parvalbumin (PV+) or narrow-waveform somatostatin (Sst+) neurons. A computational model can explain observed differences based on neurons' capacitative low-pass filtering properties. In summary, propagation synchronized activity its effect distinct types strongly depend frequency.

Language: Английский

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Gamma oscillations and episodic memory

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(10), P. 832 - 846

Published: Aug. 5, 2023

Gamma oscillations may coordinate pre- and postsynaptic neuronal firing to enhance plasticity within the hippocampus.Cross-regional gamma synchronisation communicate sensory information hippocampus during memory formation, hippocampal representations cortex retrieval.Gamma nested ongoing theta encode recall sequences of stimuli.Multiple, distinct exist canonical band (30–80 Hz), each with complementary roles in episodic memory. Enhanced oscillatory activity Hz) accompanies successful formation retrieval memories. While this co-occurrence is well documented, mechanistic contributions remain unclear. Here, we review how facilitate spike timing-dependent plasticity, neural communication, sequence encoding/retrieval, thereby ensuring and/or an Based on evidence reviewed, propose that multiple, forms oscillation can be found band, which has a role processes listed above. Further exploration these theories using causal manipulations key elucidating relevance When talk memories (see Glossary), mean long-term relating personally experienced events anchored specific moment time space [1.Tulving E. Episodic semantic memory.in: Tulving Donaldson W. Organization Memory. Academic Press, 1972: 381-403Google Scholar]. Although are, by definition, rich detail last for decades, patterns lasting mere seconds will dictate whether are formed or recalled [2.Staresina B.P. Wimber M. A chronometry recall.Trends Cogn. Sci. 2019; 23: 1071-1085Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (48) Google Scholar,3.Hanslmayr S. et al.Oscillations – addressing synchronization/desynchronization conundrum.Trends Neurosci. 2016; 39: 16-25Abstract (0) Many studies suggest (~30–80 Hz, although definitions vary slightly among researchers) have both Supporting comes from range species (including rodents [4.Zheng C. al.Spatial coding differs slow fast rhythms hippocampus.Neuron. 89: 398-408Abstract (104) Scholar, 5.Bieri K.W. al.Slow different spatial modes place cells.Neuron. 2014; 82: 670-681Abstract (139) 6.Shirvalkar P.R. al.Bidirectional changes theta-gamma comodulation predict recent episodes.Proc. Natl. Acad. U. A. 2010; 107: 7054-7059Crossref (166) 7.Headley D.B. Weinberger N.M. Gamma-band activation predicts associative cortical plasticity.J. 2011; 31: 12748-12758Crossref (51) Scholar], nonhuman primates [8.Csorba B.A. al.Long-range synchronization supports abrupt visual learning.Curr. Biol. 2022; 32: 2467-2479Abstract Scholar,9.Jutras M.J. al.Gamma-band macaque formation.J. 2009; 29: 12521-12531Crossref (143) humans [10.Griffiths B.J. al.Directional coupling neocortical alpha/beta human memory.Proc. U.S.A. 166: 21834-21842Crossref (61) 11.Heusser A.C. al.Episodic supported phase code.Nat. 19: 1374-1380Crossref (147) 12.Fell J. al.Human accompanied rhinal–hippocampal decoupling.Nat. 2001; 4: 1259-1264Crossref (579) Scholar]), variety empirical techniques (ranging cell cultures vitro [13.Sjöström P.J. al.Rate, timing, cooperativity jointly determine synaptic plasticity.Neuron. 1149-1164Abstract (833) Scholar,14.Markram H. al.Regulation efficacy coincidence APs EPSPs.Science. 1997; 275: 213-215Crossref (2911) Scholar] behavioural responses [15.Wang D. al.Altering stimulus timing via rhythmic stimulation induces STDP-like performance memory.bioRxiv. (Published online November 3, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.02.514843)Google Scholar]). In our view, extent provides firm support link between memory, calls focus understanding why exists. To address question, three mechanisms fundamental aspects memory: (i) plasticity; (ii) communication; (iii) aim Our ability form hinges upon potentiation (LTP), process through connections two neurons strengthened [16.Bliss T.V.P. Collingridge G.L. model hippocampus.Nature. 1993; 361: 31-39Crossref (9658) Scholar,17.Hebb The Organisation Behavior. John Wiley & Sons, 1949Google been proposed play important type LTP known as (STDP), depends precise temporal delay presynaptic neuron. there numerous examples enhancing STDP Scholar,18.Whittington M.A. al.Recurrent excitatory potentials induced synchronized oscillations.Proc. 94: 12198-12203Crossref (146) silico [19.Li K.T. al.Gamma effective learning excitatory-inhibitory balanced circuits.Neural Plast. 2021; 2021: 1-18Crossref (3) Scholar,20.Park K. al.Optogenetic parvalbumin somatostatin interneurons selectively restores theta-nested oscillation-induced impaired amyloid β oligomers.BMC 2020; 18: 7Crossref (36) vivo [21.Guerra al.Boosting LTP-like effect intermittent theta-burst transcranial alternating current stimulation.Brain Stimulation. 2018; 11: 734-742Abstract Scholar,22.Guerra al.Enhancing primary motor Parkinson's disease.J. 40: 4788-4796Crossref explanation open debate. discuss: occurs; process; interaction might result complex, thought depend upon: leading release glutamate, promotes opening NMDA receptors; backpropagation unblocking Mg2+ block same receptors Some suggested comparatively binding glutamate receptor relative rapid removal means action potential must precede ~10–20 ms occur (e.g., [23.Nyhus Curran T. Functional memory.Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 34: 1023-1035Crossref (343) Indeed, slices rat hippocampus, spikes lead ~15 strengthening, whereas follow ~6 weakening (known depression; LTD) [24.Bi G. Poo Synaptic modifications cultured neurons: dependence strength, type.J. 1998; 1-9Crossref effects reported across species, including (in 25.Wittenberg G.M. Wang S.S.-H. Malleability spike-timing-dependent at CA3-CA1 synapse.J. 2006; 26: 6610-6617Crossref (227) 26.Froemke R.C. al.Spike-timing-dependent dendritic location.Nature. 2005; 434: 221-225Crossref (306) [27.Morera-Herreras al.Environmental enrichment shapes striatal vivo.Sci. Rep. 9: 19451Crossref (6) [28.Huang al.Associative Hebbian primate cortex.J. 7575-7579Crossref [29.Seeman S.C. al.Paired sensorimotor 2017; 37: 1935-1949Crossref (29) [30.Testa-Silva Human synapses show wide window plasticity.Front. 2: 12PubMed correlated spiking, solitary unlikely induce spiking Instead, convergent input required. provide ways. First, synchronise multiple so they exert stronger depolarising target neuron than if were fire isolation computational models oscillation-driven synchrony increases likelihood [31.Salinas Sejnowski T.J. Impact output rate variability simple models.J. 2000; 20: 6193-6209Crossref Scholar,32.Murthy V.N. Fetz E.E. Effects three-conductance model.Neural Comput. 1994; 6: 1111-1126Crossref also [33.McNaughton B.L. al.Synaptic enhancement fascia dentata: coactive afferents.Brain Res. 1978; 157: 277-293Crossref (480) Moreover, synchronising inputs enhances any frequency could, theory, firing, perhaps ideal because short excitability ensures all near-perfect unison [34.Jensen O. gamma-frequency associated attention memory.Trends 2007; 30: 317-324Abstract (872) while having cycles long enough ensure return their resting before next part oscillation. former claim, demonstrated most when coupled 50-Hz rhythm (relative slower rhythms) it remains seen affected greater 50 Hz. addition facilitating synchronised aid depolarisation necessary inducing subthreshold fluctuations membrane potential. For example, work shown pairing peak 40-Hz led paired trough [35.Wespatat V. al.Phase sensitivity oscillating cells 2004; 24: 9067-9075Crossref (137) purportedly change adds additional drive This explain why, primates, occurs particular phases [9.Jutras Scholar,36.Roux F. latency co-firing formation.eLife. 11e78109Crossref Considering above, appears plausible increasing spiking. spike-timing optimal (~10–20 ms) [37.Traub R.D. al.Gamma-frequency oscillations: population phenomenon, regulated intrinsic cellular processes, plasticity.Prog. Neurobiol. 55: 563-575Crossref (145) However, little conducted level demonstrate observed links specifically due matching constraints STDP. delays brain regions, types, even individual (Box 1). Consequently, cannot match every network. possible average preferred network, meaning phenomena could reliable macroscopic behavioural) level. line idea, better able learn pairings stimuli rhythmically fluctuate intensity (at 37.5 when, initial pairing, cue preceded ~7 (matching traditional delays) presented simultaneously encoding finding, not matter pair undergo STDP, but rather sufficient pairs reliably formed.Box 1Variations curveThe textbook curve depicts pre-to-postsynaptic LTP, post-to-presynaptic LTD, strength diminishing increases. Depictions based receptor-dependent assumption curves generalise other cells, species. case (Figure I).For GABAergic fail display (and LTD [134.Tzounopoulos al.Cell-specific, plasticities dorsal cochlear nucleus.Nat. 7: 719-725Crossref (243) Scholar]) following suggesting type. spiny stellate barrel rodents, [135.Egger al.Coincidence detection cortex.Nat. 1999; 1098-1105Crossref (233) hinting regions types. tissue, regardless precedes follows spike, only being ~100 variation Even region, simply distance soma location where arrives dendrite: distances produce stereotypical curves, invert [136.Letzkus J.J. al.Learning rules synapse location.J. 10420-10429Crossref (221) Lastly, single difference arriving occurrence [137.Kampa B.M. al.Kinetics unblock receptors: implications dependent Physiol. 556: 337-345Crossref (142) short, take many forms, one should exercise caution generalising species.This conclusion pertinent discussion given no identical, neurons. variations regions/species align differences exhibit. I). explanations explored preceding text introduce issue order ambiguity. Specifically, repeatedly function phase, becomes unclear leads and, consequently, occur. instances, suggests do sum linearly Scholar,38.Wang H.-X. al.Coactivation integration depression.Nat. 8: 187-193Crossref Scholar,39.Froemke Dan Y. Spike-timing-dependent modification natural trains.Nature. 2002; 416: 433-438Crossref (635) possibly supplanting relevant irrelevant regularly quick succession. ambiguity does undermine idea There question gamma-facilitated scales up fully fledged Unfortunately, linking expressions experiment troublesome endeavour: easily small slice preparations, active individuals. That said, progress made. increase enhanced fear response auditory tone (i.e., learned response) A1 receptive fields (a proxy plasticity) [7.Headley Indirect humans. conditions met: ~20 (approximating required STDP); couple [36.Roux probable Together, complex highly detailed sum, intimately tied activity, These questions benefit interventions quantify Neural communication refers relaying brain, local assemblies large portions cortex. almost cognition, perception action, here its Effective that, incoming cortices activates binding. Similarly, retrieval, reactivated allow reinstatement episode. assess may, result, prominent theory tying exchange 'communication coherence' [40.Fries P. mechanism cognitive dynamics: coherence.Trends 474-480Abstract (2822) Scholar,41.Fries Rhythms cognition: coherence.Neuron. 2015; 88: 220-235Abstract (1321) Communication coherence proposes relayed another when:

Language: Английский

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Large-scale interactions in predictive processing: oscillatory versus transient dynamics

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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What do neural travelling waves tell us about information flow?

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract In many behavioral conditions, neural activity propagates within and across brain regions as traveling waves, revealing the importance of analyzing spatiotemporal dynamics in electrophysiological data. Most methods quantify such propagation by measuring spatial phase gradients, i.e., monotonic ordered changes through space. Here, we demonstrate that ordering travelling waves is insufficient to determine effective flow information unambiguously. We that, some specific cases, gradient indicates opposite direction than indicated for causal inference. Using autoregressive modeling, further show a discrepancy between apparent measured via phase-based can, example, be predicted sign projection from lower higher nodes hierarchy. Together with an input signal lowest node, inhibitory bottom-up connections produce propagating opposite, top-down direction. As methodological solution, Granger causality analysis can recover its underlying structure, which used disambiguate “effective” flow.

Language: Английский

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Anatomically resolved oscillatory bursts reveal dynamic motifs of thalamocortical activity during naturalistic stimulus viewing

Neuron, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Natural vision requires circuit mechanisms which process complex spatiotemporal stimulus features in parallel. In the mammalian forebrain, one signature of activation is fast oscillatory dynamics, reflected local field potential (LFP). Using data from Allen Neuropixels Visual Coding project, we show that visual naturalistic stimuli induce mouse primary cortex (V1) retinotopically specific oscillations various frequency bands and V1 layers. Specifically, layer 4 (L4) narrowband gamma was linked to luminance, low-gamma optic flow, L4/L5 epsilon contrast. These feature-specific were associated with distinct translaminar spike-phase coupling patterns, conserved across a range containing relevant features, suggesting they might constitute motifs. Our findings highlight visually induced as markers dynamic motifs, may support differential multiplexed coding input thalamocortical information propagation.

Language: Английский

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Elevated Astrocytic NFAT5 of the hippocampus increases epilepsy susceptibility in hypoxic‐ischemic mice

Epilepsia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, resulting in injury and persistent seizures that can last into the late period beyond. Effective treatments interventions for infants affected by hypoxia-ischemia remain lacking. Clinical investigations have indicated an elevation nuclear factor activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) whole blood from umbilical cords severely HIBD with epilepsy. Experimental research has demonstrated NFAT5 ambivalent effects on neuroprotection neurologic damage. However, mechanistic role remains unclear. This investigation aims to further clarify epilepsy following insult.

Language: Английский

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Attentional modulation of inter-areal coherence explained by frequency shifts

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 277, P. 120256 - 120256

Published: June 29, 2023

Inter-areal coherence has been hypothesized as a mechanism for inter-areal communication. Indeed, empirical studies have observed an increase in with attention. Yet, the mechanisms underlying changes remain largely unknown. Both attention and stimulus salience are associated shifts peak frequency of gamma oscillations V1, which suggests that may play role facilitating communication coherence. In this study, we used computational modeling to investigate how sender influences We show magnitude determined by sender. However, pattern depends on intrinsic properties receiver, specifically whether receiver integrates or resonates its synaptic inputs. Because resonant receivers frequency-selective, resonance proposed selective produced is inconsistent studies. By contrast, integrator does produce These results indicate can be misleading measure interactions. This led us develop new interactions, refer Explained Power. Power maps directly signal transmitted filtered thus provides method quantify true signals between receiver. Together, these findings provide model Granger-causality result shifts.

Language: Английский

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Dissecting attention: Rate modulation vs. phase locking

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(14), P. 2263 - 2264

Published: July 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Many Roles of Precision in Action

Entropy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 790 - 790

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Active inference describes (Bayes-optimal) behaviour as being motivated by the minimisation of surprise one’s sensory observations, through optimisation a generative model (of hidden causes data) in brain. One active inference’s key appeals is its conceptualisation precision biasing neuronal communication and, thus, within models. The importance perceptual evident—many studies have demonstrated ensuring estimates are correct for normal (healthy) sensation and perception. Here, we highlight many roles plays action, i.e., processes that rely on adequate precision, from decision making action planning to initiation control muscle movement itself. Thereby, focus recent development hierarchical, “mixed” models—generative models spanning multiple levels discrete continuous inference. These kinds open up new perspectives unified description hierarchical computation, implementation, action. how these reflect action—from execution—and associated pathologies if estimation goes wrong. We also discuss potential biological implementation message passing, focusing role neuromodulatory systems mediating different precision.

Language: Английский

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Integrated phenomenology and brain connectivity demonstrate changes in nonlinear processing in jhana advanced meditation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

We present a neurophenomenological case study investigating distinct neural connectivity regimes during an advanced concentrative absorption meditation called jhana (ACAM-J),characterized by highly-stable attention and mental absorption. Using EEG recordings phenomenological ratings (29 sessions) from meditator with +20,000 hours of practice, we evaluated metrics tracking large-scale interactions: nonlinear (WSMI Directed Information), capturing non-oscillatory dynamics; linear (WPLI) metrics, oscillatory synchrony. Results demonstrate ACAM-J are better distinguished compared to dynamics across multiple frequency ranges. Furthermore, combining attention-related WSMI improves Bayesian decoding alone. Crucially, deeper indicate equalization feedback feedforward processes, suggesting balance internallyand externally-driven information processing. Our results reveal ACAM-J, offering insights into refined conscious states highlighting the value approaches studying attentional states.

Language: Английский

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