Advances in Neuroimaging and Deep Learning for Emotion Detection: A Systematic Review of Cognitive Neuroscience and Algorithmic Innovations

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 456 - 456

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Background/Objectives: The following systematic review integrates neuroimaging techniques with deep learning approaches concerning emotion detection. It, therefore, aims to merge cognitive neuroscience insights advanced algorithmic methods in pursuit of an enhanced understanding and applications recognition. Methods: study was conducted PRISMA guidelines, involving a rigorous selection process that resulted the inclusion 64 empirical studies explore modalities such as fMRI, EEG, MEG, discussing their capabilities limitations It further evaluates architectures, including neural networks, CNNs, GANs, terms roles classifying emotions from various domains: human-computer interaction, mental health, marketing, more. Ethical practical challenges implementing these systems are also analyzed. Results: identifies fMRI powerful but resource-intensive modality, while EEG MEG more accessible high temporal resolution limited by spatial accuracy. Deep models, especially CNNs have performed well emotions, though they do not always require large diverse datasets. Combining data behavioral features improves classification performance. However, ethical challenges, privacy bias, remain significant concerns. Conclusions: has emphasized efficiencies detection, technical were highlighted. Future research should integrate advances, establish innovative enhance system reliability applicability.

Language: Английский

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From Homeostasis to Neuroinflammation: Insights into Cellular and Molecular Interactions and Network Dynamics

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 54 - 54

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Neuroinflammation is a complex and multifaceted process that involves dynamic interactions among various cellular molecular components. This sophisticated interplay supports both environmental adaptability system resilience in the central nervous (CNS) but may be disrupted during neuroinflammation. In this article, we first characterize key players neuroimmune interactions, including microglia, astrocytes, neurons, immune cells, essential signaling molecules such as cytokines, neurotransmitters, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, neurotrophic factors. Under homeostatic conditions, these elements promote cooperation stability, whereas neuroinflammatory states, they drive adaptive responses become pathological if dysregulated. We examine how mediated through actors pathways, create networks regulate CNS functionality respond to injury or inflammation. To further elucidate dynamics, provide insights using multilayer network (MLN) approach, highlighting interconnected nature of under inflammatory conditions. perspective aims enhance our understanding communication mechanisms underlying shifts from homeostasis Applying an MLN approach offers more integrative view adaptability, helping clarify processes identify novel intervention points within layered landscape responses.

Language: Английский

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Hallmarks of Brain Plasticity

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 460 - 460

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Cerebral plasticity is the ability of brain to change and adapt in response experience or learning. Its hallmarks are developmental flexibility, complex interactions between genetic environmental influences, structural-functional changes comprising neurogenesis, axonal sprouting, synaptic remodeling. Studies on have important practical implications. The molecular characteristics may reveal disease course rehabilitative potential patient. Neurological disorders linked with numerous cerebral non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particular, microRNAs; discovery their essential role gene regulation was recently recognized awarded a Nobel Prize Physiology Medicine 2024. Herein, we review association its homeostasis ncRNAs, which make them putative targets for RNA-based diagnostics therapeutics. New insight into concept provide additional perspectives functional recovery following damage. Knowledge this phenomenon will enable physicians exploit regulate eloquent networks timely interventions. Future studies pathophysiological mechanisms at macro- microscopic levels advance rehabilitation strategies improve quality life patients neurological diseases.

Language: Английский

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No effect of additional education on long-term brain structure – a preregistered natural experiment in thousands of individuals

Published: April 17, 2025

Education is related to a wide variety of beneficial health, behavioral, and societal outcomes. However, whether education causes long-term structural changes in the brain remains unclear. A pressing challenge that individuals self-select into continued education, thereby introducing environmental genetic confounders. Fortunately, natural experiments allow us isolate causal impact increased from individual (and societal) characteristics. Here, we exploit policy change UK (the 1972 ROSLA act) amount mandatory schooling 15 16 years age study on outcomes Biobank. Using regression discontinuity – inference method find no evidence an effect additional year any neuroimaging This null result robust across modalities, regions, analysis strategies. An substantial cognitive intervention, yet for sustained experience-dependent plasticity. Our results provide prominent accounts or ‘brain reserve’ theories which identify as major protective factor lessen adverse aging effects. preregistered findings are one first implementations neural data opening door population-based neuroimaging.

Language: Английский

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