Organization of the core respiratory network: Insights from optogenetic and modeling studies

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. e1006148 - e1006148

Published: April 26, 2018

The circuit organization within the mammalian brainstem respiratory network, specifically and between pre-Bötzinger (pre-BötC) Bötzinger (BötC) complexes, roles of these circuits in pattern generation are continuously debated. We address issues with a combination optogenetic experiments modeling studies. used transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 under VGAT-promoter to investigate perturbations activity by site-specific photostimulation inhibitory neurons pre-BötC or BötC. stimulation effects were dependent on intensity phase photostimulation. Specifically: (1) Low (≤ 1.0 mW) pulses delivered during inspiration did not terminate activity, whereas stronger stimulations (≥ 2.0 terminated inspiration. (2) When ended was applied expiration, rebound activation occurred after fixed latency. (3) Relatively weak sustained (20 Hz, 0.5–2.0 increased frequency, while further increase stimulus (> 3.0 reduced frequency finally 5.0 oscillations. (4) Single (0.2–5.0 s) BötC inhibited rhythmic for duration stimulation. (5) Sustained 0.5–3.0 led apnea. have revised our computational model microcircuits incorporating an additional population post-inspiratory that interacts other network. This able reproduce above experimental findings as well previously published results obtained laboratories. proposed leads testable predictions about their specific provides important insights into key interactions operating networks.

Language: Английский

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Inappropriate Timing of Swallow in the Respiratory Cycle Causes Breathing–Swallowing Discoordination

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Sept. 22, 2017

Rationale: Swallowing during inspiration and swallowing immediately followed by increase the chances of aspiration may cause disease exacerbation. However, mechanisms which such breathing-swallowing discoordination occurs are not well-understood. Objectives: We hypothesized that when timing swallow in respiratory cycle is inappropriate. To test this hypothesis, we monitored respiration activity healthy subjects patients with dysphagia using a non-invasive monitoring system. Measurements Main Results: The parameters measured included cycle, latency (interval between onset pause swallow), duration (duration for swallowing), coordination pattern. classified swallows closely follow (I) as I-SW, whereas those precede I SW-I Patients had prolonged duration, tended to have I-SW or patterns reflecting breathing-swallows discoordination. Conclusions: conclude at inappropriate discoordination, prolongation leads delayed swallow, results an pattern dysphagia.

Language: Английский

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Carotid Bodies and the Integrated Cardiorespiratory Response to Hypoxia

Physiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33(4), P. 281 - 297

Published: June 14, 2018

Advances in our understanding of brain mechanisms for the hypoxic ventilatory response, coordinated changes blood pressure, and long-term consequences chronic intermittent hypoxia as sleep apnea, such hypertension heart failure, are giving impetus to search therapies "erase" dysfunctional memories distributed carotid bodies central nervous system. We review current network models, open questions, sex differences, implications translational research.

Language: Английский

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Inspiratory Off-Switch Mediated by Optogenetic Activation of Inhibitory Neurons in the preBötzinger Complex In Vivo

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 2019 - 2019

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

The role of inhibitory neurons in the respiratory network is a matter ongoing debate. Conflicting and contradicting results are manifold question whether essential for generation rhythm as such controversial. Inhibitory required pulmonary reflexes adapting activity central to status lung it hypothesized that glycinergic mediate inspiratory off-switch. Over years, optogenetic tools have been developed allow cell-specific activation subsets vitro vivo. In this study, we aimed identify effect Here, used conditional transgenic mouse line expresses Channelrhodopsin 2 neurons. A 200 µm multimode optical fiber ferrule was implanted adult mice using stereotaxic surgery, allowing us stimulate inhibitory, within core excitatory preBötzinger complex ventrolateral medulla. We show that, anesthetized mice, by blue light (470 nm) continuously or with stimulation frequencies above 10 Hz significant reduction rate, some cases leading complete cessation breathing. However, lower frequency (4–5 Hz) could induce increase rate. This phenomenon can be explained resetting cycle, since during inspiration shortened associated breath thereby increased while expiratory interval reduced Taken together, these support concept mediates phase-switching inhibiting rhythmogenic complex.

Language: Английский

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Probing the function of glycinergic neurons in the mouse respiratory network using optogenetics

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 265, P. 141 - 152

Published: Nov. 3, 2018

Language: Английский

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Theoretical Analysis of Low-power Bidirectional Optogenetic Control of High-frequency Neural Codes with Single Spike Resolution

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 449, P. 165 - 188

Published: Sept. 15, 2020

Language: Английский

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Breathing disturbances in a model of Rett syndrome: A potential involvement of the glycine receptor α3 subunit?

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 43 - 47

Published: Dec. 6, 2017

Language: Английский

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In-vivo optogenetic identification and electrophysiology of glycinergic neurons in pre-Bötzinger complex of mice

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 320, P. 104188 - 104188

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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