Short-term memory retrieval enhances brain functional connectivity

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: April 30, 2025

Introduction Short-term memory poses a significant challenge, involving complex processes of image perception, formation, and execution. However, the mechanisms underlying storage, execution short-term remain poorly understood. Methods In this study, 41 healthy college students participated in challenge test designed to investigate these processes. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed measure dynamic changes hemoglobin concentrations specific cortical regions, while facial expressions vital signs were recorded real-time during tests. Results The results revealed heightened activity inferior prefrontal gyrus, visual association cortex, pre-motor supplementary motor cortex. connectivity between regions significantly enhanced tasks, inter-group differences decreased over time. Participants with superior exhibited lower levels negative emotional higher heart rates compared those weaker performance. These findings suggest that interconnectivity adequate cerebral blood oxygenation play critical roles enhancing capacity. This has important implications for education, as it highlights strategies cultivating attention, training skills, improving integration abilities.

Language: Английский

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Heartfulness Meditation: A Yogic and Neuroscientific Perspective

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 10, 2022

Today, as research into the contemplative sciences is being widely referenced, community would benefit from an understanding of Heartfulness method meditation. offers in-depth experiential practice focused on evolution human consciousness using ancient technique Pranahuti (yogic Transmission) during Meditation, in combination with more active mental “Cleaning.” Both are enabled by initiation practices. These unique features distinguish other paths that have been described scientific literature thus far. In this introductory paper, we present practices, philosophy upon which practices based, and reflect putative mechanisms through could exert its effects body mind light has done meditation systems. We conclude suggestions for future way

Language: Английский

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Reduced gray matter volume of the hippocampal tail in melancholic depression: evidence from an MRI study

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 5, 2024

Abstract Background Melancholic depression (MD) is one of the most prevalent and severe subtypes major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous studies have revealed inconsistent results regarding alterations in grey matter volume (GMV) hippocampus amygdala MD patients, possibly due to overlooking complexity their internal structure. The consist multiple functionally distinct subregions, these subregions may play different roles MD. This study aims investigate volumetric each subregion patients with non-melancholic (NMD). Methods A total 146 drug-naïve, first-episode MDD (72 74 NMD) 81 gender-, age-, education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included study. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. subregional segmentation was performed using FreeSurfer 6.0 software. multivariate analysis covariance (MANCOVA) used detect GMV differences hippocampal between three groups. Partial correlation conducted explore relationship or subfields clinical characteristics group. Age, gender, years education intracranial (ICV) as covariates both MANCOVA partial analyses. Results Patients exhibited a significantly lower right tail compared HCs, which uncorrelated No significant observed among groups overall amygdala. Conclusions Our findings suggest that specific are more susceptible than entire hippocampus. reduced underlie unique neuropathology Future longitudinal required better associations onset progression

Language: Английский

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Impact of prenatal marijuana exposure on adolescent brain structural and functional connectivity and behavioural outcomes

Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract There has been an increase in the number of women using marijuana whilst pregnant. Previous studies have shown that children with prenatal exposure developmental deficits memory and decreased attentiveness. In this study, we assess whether is associated alterations brain regional morphometry functional structural connectivity adolescents. We downloaded behavioural scores subject image files from Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study. A total 178 anatomical diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (88 90 age- gender-matched controls) 152 resting-state (76 76 were obtained. Behavioural metrics based on parent-reported child checklist also obtained for each subject. The associations 17 subscales calculated. assessed differences voxel-based surface-based adolescents versus controls. evaluated group region-to-region graph theoretical metrics. Interactions networks impact scores. Multiple comparison correction was performed as appropriate. Adolescents had greater abnormal or borderline 9 out subscales. no significant voxel- morphometry, between However, there exposure–graph network interactions respect to three seven significantly Whilst study not able confirm unexposed pre-adolescent children, exposure–brain This suggests altered may underlie outcomes exposure. More work needs be conducted better understand prognostic value measures

Language: Английский

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Targeting Papez Circuit for cognitive dysfunction- Insights into Deep Brain Stimulation for Alzheimer's disease

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. e30574 - e30574

Published: April 30, 2024

Hippocampus is the most widely studied brain area coupled with impairment of memory in a variety neurological diseases and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The limbic structures within Papez circuit have been linked to various aspects cognition. Unfortunately, regions that include this are often ignored terms understanding cognitive decline these diseases. To properly comprehend where cognition problems originate, it crucial clarify any aberrant contributions from all components specific -on both local global level. pharmacological treatments currently available not long lasting. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) emerged as new powerful therapeutic approach for alleviation dysfunctions. Metabolic, functional, electrophysiological, imaging studies helped find out nodes can be accessible DBS. Targeting produced significant improvement learning by disrupting abnormal activity restoring physiological network. Here, we provide an overview neuroanatomy along mechanisms deep stimulation targets which could improving dysfunctions AD.

Language: Английский

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