Review of Cell Therapy Approaches to Autism: A Review of Clinical Trial DOI Open Access

Davoud Amiri,

Bengt Karlsson,

Lamberto Briziarelli

et al.

Journal of Vaccines Immunology and Immunopathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3)

Published: Oct. 28, 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by persistent social communication and interaction difficulties, as well repetitive behavioral patterns, often accompanied abnormalities of the immune system inflammatory reactions.Stem cell-based therapies, particularly those involving stem cells, being investigated potential treatments.This review examines cellular molecular ASD abnormalities, cell types, animal models, ongoing clinical trials, therapy limitations.ASD, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with early onset challenges behaviors, lacks effective treatments.New research links to neuroinflammation, microglia glucose metabolism.Ten trials show generally positive results.Although therapies promise, extensive is needed.This abstract discusses for conditions lacking treatments, including cerebral palsy ASD.It acknowledges complexity incomplete understanding pathophysiology.Disparate results in raise concerns about therapeutic targets approaches, which require refined preclinical studies.Global prevalence has increased, but treatments core symptoms remain inadequate.Stem potential.Non-pharmacological interventions, such diet supplements, can address comorbidities.This brief summarizes aim, methodology, key conclusions full article.This analyzes role miRNAs progression.It exploring regulators neural development, diagnostic biomarkers targets.Findings from vivo vitro induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs), highlight miRNA impact on phenotypes.miRNAs critical pathogenesis.This cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) treatment CNS disorders.It highlights mechanisms, roles advantages cell-free NSC-EVs.The Neuropsychiatric (NPD) increasing globally, without pathophysiology treatments.Human (hiPSCs) offer patient-specific neuropharmacological study potential.Guidelines best practices hiPSC-based NPD studies, emphasis donor selection, experimental design, translational relevance, aim improve drug discovery translation.

Language: Английский

Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Neuroinflammatory Mediated Mechanism of Pathogenesis? DOI Creative Commons
Fatemeh Zarimeidani, Rahem Rahmati, Mehrnaz Mostafavi

et al.

Inflammation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental characterized by impairments in social communication and behavior, frequently accompanied restricted repetitive patterns of interests or activities. The gut microbiota has been implicated the etiology ASD due to its impact on bidirectional pathway known as gut-brain axis. However, precise involvement causation unclear. This study critically examines recent evidence rationalize probable mechanism which symbiosis can induce neuroinflammation through intermediator cytokines metabolites. To develop ASD, loss integrity intestinal barrier, activation microglia, dysregulation neurotransmitters are caused neural inflammatory factors. It emphasized potential role neuroinflammatory intermediates linked alterations individuals with ASD. Specifically, like brain-derived neurotrophic factor, calprotectin, eotaxin, some metabolites microRNAs have considered etiological biomarkers. We also overviewed how probiotic trials may be used therapeutic strategy reestablish healthy balance microbiota. Evidence indicates induced dysregulated yet there little clarity based analysis circulating immune profile. deems repair load would lower chaos GI tract, correct mediators, modulate attenuate autism. interaction between brain, along biomarkers, serves foundational background for understanding etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment autism disorder. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The role of microRNAs in the molecular link between circadian rhythm and autism spectrum disorder DOI Creative Commons
Ji Young Kim, Wanil Kim, Kyung‐Ha Lee

et al.

Animal Cells and Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 38 - 52

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Circadian rhythm regulates physiological cycles of awareness and sleepiness. Melatonin production is primarily regulated by circadian regulation gene expression involved in sleep homeostasis. If the abnormal, disorders, such as insomnia several other diseases, can occur. The term 'autism spectrum disorder (ASD)' used to characterize people who exhibit a certain set repetitive behaviors, severely constrained interests, social deficits, and/or sensory behaviors that start very early life. Because many patients with ASD suffer from disorders melatonin dysregulation are attracting attention for their potential roles ASD. caused abnormalities during neurodevelopmental processes owing various genetic or environmental factors. Recently, role microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained attraction. We hypothesized relationship between could be explained miRNAs regulate either both. In this study, we introduced possible molecular link performed thorough literature review understand complexity.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
H19/miR‐484 axis serves as a candidate biomarker correlated with autism spectrum disorder DOI Open Access
Yancai Li, Chunlong Liu,

Qianqi Jin

et al.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 85(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appears to be a common neurological developmental deficit in pediatric patients, resulting tremendous burden on society. Purpose The article aimed explore early diagnostic markers for ASD. Methods Levels of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and microRNA‐484 (miR‐484) were detected using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Spearman method was applied the correlation analysis with ASD severity. To evaluate role miR‐484 diagnosis, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve plotted. Luciferase reporter assay used confirm targeting relationship between miR‐484. functions pathways related target genes annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Results Elevated levels which positively correlated disease MiR‐484 showed decreasing trend while it negatively Both can distinguish cases from controls an AUC 0.878 0.868, respectively. determined miR‐484., their combination highest value (AUC = 0.906). GO KEGG demonstrated targeted development ASD, EIF4G2 SMARCA2 main core genes. Conclusion dysregulated patients both associated combined represented high

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Revisiting the Role of miRNAs in Neuropathology DOI

Vineetha George,

Vineesh Indira Chandran, Srinivas Gopala

et al.

Neurology India, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. 1 - 4

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
MicroRNA Profiling Identifies Age-Associated MicroRNAs and Potential Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Autism DOI Open Access
Salam Salloum‐Asfar,

Samia M. Ltaief,

Rowaida Z. Taha

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2044 - 2044

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental in which early diagnosis critical for effective intervention and improved outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression have emerged as promising biomarkers neurological disorders, including ASD. In our previous discovery study, we identified dysregulated of several miRNAs the plasma samples children with ASD aged 5-12 years. this aimed to validate these findings younger cohort (aged 2-4 years) assess their potential use A total 108 young years were recruited, 66 42 age- sex-matched controls. Using next-generation sequencing advanced bioinformatics, validated differential 17 ASD, showed consistent dysregulation across both current cohorts. We also observed significant correlations between participants' age, suggesting age key factor influencing dynamic miRNA changes, particularly group. Pathway analysis linked regulatory networks involved neurodevelopment immune responses. Finally, found combination four (miR-4433b-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-335-5p, miR-1180-3p) exhibited high diagnostic accuracy, an area under curve (ROC-AUC) 0.936 (95% CI = 0.892, 0.980; p < 0.001). These support four-miRNA panel robust biomarker lay groundwork future research into miRNA-based tools therapeutic strategies

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Involvement of disulfidptosis in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder DOI
Yutong Liu, Yaqi Sun,

Anjie Chen

et al.

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 369, P. 123531 - 123531

Published: March 5, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
MicroRNA mechanisms instructing Purkinje cell specification DOI
Norjin Zolboot, Yao Xiao, Jessica X Du

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Development of a miRNA-based deep learning model for autism spectrum disorder diagnosis DOI
S. Dogra, Valentina L. Kouznetsova, Santosh Kesari

et al.

Advanced technology in neuroscience ., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 72 - 76

Published: April 8, 2025

JOURNAL/atin/04.03/02274269-202506000-00002/figure1/v/2025-04-06T104049Z/r/image-tiff Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental characterized by differences in social behaviors, intellectual disabilities, and various mental health conditions. It often undiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms with other disorders the challenging, subjective nature of behavioral analysis. However, recent studies have identified dysregulated microRNAs as potential biomarkers for autism disorder, which could enable more accurate quantitative diagnoses. This study aimed develop machine learning model predict whether dysregulation specific miRNA associated disorder. We selected an even number disorder-associated miRNAs randomly chosen Data was collected on amino acid sequences, gene targets, predicted pathway attributes classify each microRNA. Feature selection then performed identify optimal features achieving highest accuracy. Only statistically significant predictions ( P < 0.05) were included training dataset. The sequential two hidden layers emerged best classifier, accuracy 95.24% microRNA biomarkers. further validated independent, unseen dataset, achieved 81.67% also explored genes pathways significance understand better causes particularly those involved regulating pluripotency stem cells. presents rapid efficient method classifying based their biological characteristics. By screening patients’ blood or serum samples, this approach can enhance early diagnosis timely intervention.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploratory Analysis of MicroRNA Alterations in a Neurodevelopmental Mouse Model for Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia DOI Open Access
Susana García-Cerro, Ana Gómez-Garrido, Gonçalo Garcia

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2786 - 2786

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression levels and have been implicated pathogenesis autism spectrum disorder (ASD) schizophrenia (SCZ). In this study, we examined adult profiles specific miRNAs prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurodevelopmental mouse model for ASD SCZ that mimics perinatal pathology, such as NMDA receptor hypofunction, exhibits behavioral neurophysiological phenotypes related to these disorders during adulthood. To early neuropathogenesis disorders, pups were administered subcutaneously with ketamine (30 mg/Kg) at postnatal days 7, 9, 11. We focused on set most frequently altered (miR-451a miR-486-3p) (miR-132-3p miR-137-3p) according human studies. Additionally, explored whose alterations identified both (miR-21-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-144-3p, miR-146a-5p). placed particular emphasis studying sexual dimorphism dynamics miRNAs. Our findings revealed significant PFC ASD- SCZ-like model. Specifically, observed upregulated miR-451a downregulated miR-137-3p. Furthermore, miR-132-3p, miR-137-3p, miR-92a-2-5p. From translational perspective, our results emphasize potential involvement pathophysiology strengthen their biomarkers therapeutic targets disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Small Differences and Big Changes: The Many Variables of MicroRNA Expression and Function in the Brain DOI
Emma V. Parkins, Christina Groß

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(32), P. e0365242024 - e0365242024

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

MicroRNAs are emerging as crucial regulators within the complex, dynamic environment of synapse, and they offer a promising new avenue for treatment neurological disease. These small noncoding RNAs modify gene expression in several ways, including posttranscriptional modulation via binding to complementary semicomplementary sites on target mRNAs. This rapid, finely tuned regulation is essential meet demands synapse. Here, we provide detailed review multifaceted world synaptic microRNA regulation. We discuss many mechanisms by which microRNAs regulate at particularly context neuronal plasticity. also describe various factors, such age, sex, disease, that can influence activity neurons. In summary, play role intricate quickly changing functional requirements study their potential therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

2