Review of Cell Therapy Approaches to Autism: A Review of Clinical Trial DOI Open Access

Davoud Amiri,

Bengt Karlsson,

Lamberto Briziarelli

et al.

Journal of Vaccines Immunology and Immunopathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3)

Published: Oct. 28, 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by persistent social communication and interaction difficulties, as well repetitive behavioral patterns, often accompanied abnormalities of the immune system inflammatory reactions.Stem cell-based therapies, particularly those involving stem cells, being investigated potential treatments.This review examines cellular molecular ASD abnormalities, cell types, animal models, ongoing clinical trials, therapy limitations.ASD, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with early onset challenges behaviors, lacks effective treatments.New research links to neuroinflammation, microglia glucose metabolism.Ten trials show generally positive results.Although therapies promise, extensive is needed.This abstract discusses for conditions lacking treatments, including cerebral palsy ASD.It acknowledges complexity incomplete understanding pathophysiology.Disparate results in raise concerns about therapeutic targets approaches, which require refined preclinical studies.Global prevalence has increased, but treatments core symptoms remain inadequate.Stem potential.Non-pharmacological interventions, such diet supplements, can address comorbidities.This brief summarizes aim, methodology, key conclusions full article.This analyzes role miRNAs progression.It exploring regulators neural development, diagnostic biomarkers targets.Findings from vivo vitro induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs), highlight miRNA impact on phenotypes.miRNAs critical pathogenesis.This cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) treatment CNS disorders.It highlights mechanisms, roles advantages cell-free NSC-EVs.The Neuropsychiatric (NPD) increasing globally, without pathophysiology treatments.Human (hiPSCs) offer patient-specific neuropharmacological study potential.Guidelines best practices hiPSC-based NPD studies, emphasis donor selection, experimental design, translational relevance, aim improve drug discovery translation.

Language: Английский

The early life exposome and autism risk: a role for the maternal microbiome? DOI Creative Commons
Claudia M. Di Gesù, Shelly A. Buffington

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly heritable, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental characterized by clinical presentation of atypical social, communicative, and repetitive behaviors. Over the past 25 years, hundreds ASD risk genes have been identified. Many converge on key molecular pathways, from translational control to those regulating synaptic structure function. Despite these advances, therapeutic approaches remain elusive. Emerging data unearthing relationship between genetics, microbes, immunity in suggest an integrative physiology approach could be paramount delivering breakthroughs. Indeed, advent large-scale multi-OMIC acquisition, analysis, interpretation is yielding increasingly mechanistic understanding underlying factors, revealing how genetic susceptibility interacts with microbial metabolism, epigenetic (re)programming, influence neurodevelopment behavioral outcomes. It now possible foresee exciting advancements treatment some forms that markedly improve quality life productivity for autistic individuals. Here, we highlight recent work gene X maternal exposome interactions ASD, emphasis intrauterine environment fetal neurodevelopment, host–microbe interactions, evolving landscape ASD.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
microRNA as a Maternal Marker for Prenatal Stress-Associated ASD, Evidence from a Murine Model DOI Open Access

Taeseon Woo,

Candice King,

Nick I. Ahmed

et al.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1412 - 1412

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been associated with a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Prenatal stress exposure identified as possible risk factor, although most stress-exposed pregnancies do not result in ASD. The serotonin transporter (SERT) gene linked to reactivity, the presence of SERT short (S)-allele shown mediate association maternal In mouse model, we investigated effects prenatal genotype on offspring behavior explored its microRNA (miRNA) expression during pregnancy. Pregnant female mice were divided into four groups based (wildtype or heterozygous knockout (Sert-het)) absence chronic variable (CVS) Offspring was assessed at 60 days old (PD60) using three-chamber test, open field elevated plus-maze marble-burying test. We found that social preference index (SPI) SERT-het/stress significantly lower than wildtype control offspring, indicating reduced for interaction approach, specifically males. also showed more frequent grooming compared controls, males, suggesting repetitive behavior. profiled miRNA blood samples collected embryonic day 21 (E21) three miRNAs (mmu-miR-7684-3p, mmu-miR-5622-3p, mmu-miR-6900-3p) differentially expressed group all other groups. These findings suggest interact influence behavior, late pregnancy may serve potential marker particular subtype ASD pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Epigenetic disruptions in the offspring hypothalamus in response to maternal infection DOI

Samah Alsegehy,

Bruce R. Southey, Alvaro G. Hernandez

et al.

Gene, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 910, P. 148329 - 148329

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Dysregulation of miR‐146a in human milk of mothers having children with autism DOI
Nagwa A. Meguid,

Maha Hemimi,

Mahmoud Rashad

et al.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 84(6), P. 558 - 566

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of neurobehavioral manifestations that impose poor social interaction and stereotyped repetitive patterns. Several mircoRNA (miRNA) dysregulations underpin ASD pathophysiology via impairing the neurogenic niches. For instance, miR‐146a miR‐106 differential expressions are linked to deregulation ASD‐related genes severity clinical symptoms, respectively. Breastfeeding provides newborns with many bioactive compounds support their neurodevelopment including miRNA. Our pilot study evaluated expression pattern miR‐106a in human milk (HM) nursing mothers ( n = 36) having autistic children compared age‐matched counterparts neurotypical as controls. Under sterile conditions, breast samples were collected using manual sucking pumps centrifuged separate fat layer. Total RNA was extracted from lipid fraction, profiles both quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Among test group, we reported some factors previously HM miRNA perturbations: gestational diabetes, hypertension, cesarean delivery. showed comparable levels mother groups p 0.8681), whereas significantly downregulated controls 0.0399). Alternatively, positively associated two parameters: Childhood Rating Scale (CARS) communication language domain Diagnostic Interview‐Revised (ADI‐R) r 0.6452, 0.0003 0.3958, 0.0410, respectively). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves maternal fitness predictive biomarkers for ASD. findings suggest may originate at infancy during lactation period. Thus, pre‐ postnatal health care critical maintain optimal miRNome milk.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
APPlications of amyloid-β precursor protein metabolites in macrocephaly and autism spectrum disorder DOI Creative Commons
Deborah K. Sokol, Debomoy K. Lahiri

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Metabolites of the Amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) proteolysis may underlie brain overgrowth in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We have found elevated APP metabolites (total APP, secreted (s) APPα, and α-secretase adamalysins plasma tissue children with ASD). In this review, we highlight several lines evidence supporting metabolites’ potential contribution to macrocephaly ASD. First, appears early corticogenesis, placing a prime position accelerate growth neurons glia. are upregulated neuroinflammation, another contributor excessive appear directly affect translational signaling pathways, which been linked single gene forms syndromic ASD (Fragile X Syndrome, PTEN, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex). Finally, metabolites, microRNA, regulates expression, contribute overgrowth, particularly increased white matter, through ERK receptor activation on PI3K/Akt/mTOR/Rho GTPase pathway, favoring myelination.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Mental Disorders: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications DOI Creative Commons
Sergey Tereshchenko

Psikhiatriya, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 68 - 77

Published: March 1, 2024

Background: microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Recent studies indicate the involvement pathogenesis various psychiatric disorders, which allows to consider them as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The aim this literature review is analyse curren research on formation focusing their potential prognostic biomarkers. Materials methods: find relevant publications, we searched eLibrary PubMed databases using following keywords terms: microRNAs, mental psychological status, biomarkers, diagnosis, prognosis. Conclusion: numerous suggest involved critical molecular pathways associated with including neurotransmission, neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation certain has been observed disorders such major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar anxiety autism spectrum attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder addictive disorders. It highlighted investigated have high be used opening up possibilities for early detection personalised treatment strategies. identification specific different offers new opportunities develop innovative approaches targeted interventions. However, number challenges remain, differences microRNA expression levels profiles due heterogeneity need standardisation analysis protocols further validation large-scale patient populations. Collaborative efforts between basic genetics researchers clinicians needed harness full diagnosis

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Fetal Brain-Derived Exosomal miRNAs from Maternal Blood: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) DOI Open Access
Nune Darbinian,

Monica Hampe,

Diana Martirosyan

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 5826 - 5826

Published: May 27, 2024

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are leading causes of neurodevelopmental disability but cannot be diagnosed early in utero. Because several microRNAs (miRNAs) implicated other neurological and disorders, the effects EtOH exposure on expression these miRNAs their target genes pathways were assessed. In women who drank (EtOH) during pregnancy non-drinking controls, matched individually for fetal sex gestational age, levels brain-derived exosomes (FB-Es) isolated from mothers’ serum correlated well with contents corresponding brain tissues obtained after voluntary termination. six EtOH-exposed cases maternal quantified array by qRT-PCR. FB-Es 10 selected ddPCR. Protein ELISA. There significant EtOH-associated reductions miRNAs, including miR-9 its downstream neuronal targets BDNF, REST, Synapsin, Sonic hedgehog. 20 paired cases, FB-E strongly eye diameter, a prominent feature FASDs. Thus, might serve as biomarker to predict FASDs at-risk fetuses.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Advances in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cell transplantation DOI
Serdar Kabataş,

Erdinç Civelek,

Eyüp Can Savrunlu

et al.

World Journal of Methodology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 29, 2024

BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental with multifaceted origins. In recent studies, neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation have come to the forefront in its pathogenesis. There are studies suggesting that stem cell therapy may be effective treatment of ASD. AIM To evolve landscape ASD treatment, focusing on potential benefits safety transplantation. METHODS A detailed case report presented, displaying positive outcomes observed child who underwent intrathecal intravenous Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal cells (WJ-MSCs) transplantation combined neurorehabilitation. RESULTS The study demonstrates significant improvement child’s functional (Childhood Rating Scale, Denver 2 Developmental Screening Test), especially language gross motor skills. No serious side effects were encountered during 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSION findings support effectiveness WJ-MSC managing

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Expression Levels of miR -124a, miR-545-3p and BDNF in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Are Associated with the Severity of Autism DOI Creative Commons
Sayed Ali, Mohammad Khalaj‐Kondori, Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour Feizi

et al.

Reports of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 1 - 12

Published: April 1, 2024

People with autism frequently exhibit poor social skills, communication difficulties, and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential promised targets in developing of new treatment strategies for autism. This study aimed to assess the relative expression miR-124a, miR-34a-3p, miR-545-3p, miR-153, BDNF blood samples autistic children.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Review of Cell Therapy Approaches to Autism: A Review of Clinical Trial DOI Open Access

Davoud Amiri,

Bengt Karlsson,

Lamberto Briziarelli

et al.

Journal of Vaccines Immunology and Immunopathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3)

Published: Oct. 28, 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by persistent social communication and interaction difficulties, as well repetitive behavioral patterns, often accompanied abnormalities of the immune system inflammatory reactions.Stem cell-based therapies, particularly those involving stem cells, being investigated potential treatments.This review examines cellular molecular ASD abnormalities, cell types, animal models, ongoing clinical trials, therapy limitations.ASD, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with early onset challenges behaviors, lacks effective treatments.New research links to neuroinflammation, microglia glucose metabolism.Ten trials show generally positive results.Although therapies promise, extensive is needed.This abstract discusses for conditions lacking treatments, including cerebral palsy ASD.It acknowledges complexity incomplete understanding pathophysiology.Disparate results in raise concerns about therapeutic targets approaches, which require refined preclinical studies.Global prevalence has increased, but treatments core symptoms remain inadequate.Stem potential.Non-pharmacological interventions, such diet supplements, can address comorbidities.This brief summarizes aim, methodology, key conclusions full article.This analyzes role miRNAs progression.It exploring regulators neural development, diagnostic biomarkers targets.Findings from vivo vitro induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs), highlight miRNA impact on phenotypes.miRNAs critical pathogenesis.This cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) treatment CNS disorders.It highlights mechanisms, roles advantages cell-free NSC-EVs.The Neuropsychiatric (NPD) increasing globally, without pathophysiology treatments.Human (hiPSCs) offer patient-specific neuropharmacological study potential.Guidelines best practices hiPSC-based NPD studies, emphasis donor selection, experimental design, translational relevance, aim improve drug discovery translation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0