Climate change disrupts core habitats of marine species

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 3304 - 3317

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Driven by climate change, marine biodiversity is undergoing a phase of rapid change that has proven to be even faster than changes observed in terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding how these species composition will affect future life crucial for conservation management, especially due increasing demands natural resources. Here, we analyse predictions multiparameter habitat suitability model covering the global projected ranges >33,500 from projections under three CO2 emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) up year 2100. Our results show core area decline many species, resulting net loss 50% almost half all 2100 high-emission scenario RCP8.5. As an additional consequence continuing distributional reorganization life, gaps around equator appear 8% (RCP2.6), 24% (RCP4.5), and 88% (RCP8.5) with cross-equatorial ranges. For more continuous disrupted, thus reducing effective population size. In addition, high invasion rates higher latitudes polar regions lead substantial ecosystem food web structure, particularly regarding introduction new predators. Overall, our study highlights degree spatial structural ensued consequences functionality efforts critically depend on realized greenhouse gas pathway.

Language: Английский

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One hundred priority questions for advancing seagrass conservation in Europe

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 587 - 603

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Societal Impact Statement Seagrass ecosystems are of fundamental importance to our planet and wellbeing. Seagrasses marine flowering plants, which engineer that provide a multitude ecosystem services, for example, blue foods carbon sequestration. have largely been degraded across much their global range. There is now increasing interest in the conservation restoration these systems, particularly context climate emergency biodiversity crisis. The collation 100 questions from experts Europe could, if answered, improve ability conserve restore systems by facilitating shift success such work. Summary meadows numerous services including biodiversity, coastal protection, In Europe, seagrasses can be found shallow sheltered waters along coastlines, estuaries & lagoons, around islands, but distribution has declined. Factors as poor water quality, modification, mechanical damage, overfishing, land‐sea interactions, change disease reduced coverage Europe’s necessitating recovery. Research, monitoring efforts on seagrass mostly uncoordinated biased towards certain species regions, resulting inadequate delivery critical information management. Here, we aim identify priority questions, addressed would strongly advance monitoring, research Europe. Using Delphi method, researchers, practitioners, policymakers with experience diverse expertise participated process involved formulation voting an online workshop final list questions. covers areas nine themes: Biodiversity Ecology; Ecosystem services; Blue carbon; Fishery support; Drivers, Threats, Resilience Response; Monitoring Assessment; Conservation Restoration; Governance, Policy Management; Communication. Answering will fill current knowledge gaps place European onto positive trajectory

Language: Английский

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Ocean protection quality is lagging behind quantity: Applying a scientific framework to assess real marine protected area progress against the 30 by 30 target

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract The international community set a global conservation target to protect at least 30% of the ocean by 2030 (“30 × 30”) reverse biodiversity loss, including through marine protected areas (MPAs). However, varied MPAs result in significantly different outcomes, making MPA coverage alone an inadequate metric. We used Guide framework assess world's largest 100 area, representing nearly 90% reported and 7.3% analyzed distribution quality across political ecological regions. A quarter assessed is not implemented, one‐third incompatible with nature. Two factors contribute this outcome: (1) many lack regulations or management, (2) some allow high‐impact activities. Fully highly account for area but are unevenly distributed ecoregions part because nations have designated large, their overseas remote territories. Indicators quality, only coverage, needed ensure network that covers effectively safeguards representative ecosystems from destructive human

Language: Английский

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Global floating kelp forests have limited protection despite intensifying marine heatwave threats

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Embracing Nature-based Solutions to promote resilient marine and coastal ecosystems

Nature-Based Solutions, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100044 - 100044

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

The world is struggling to limit greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the human footprint on nature. We therefore urgently need think about how achieve more with actions address mounting challenges for health wellbeing from biodiversity loss, climate change effects, unsustainable economic social development. Nature-based Solutions (NBS) have emerged as a systemic approach an important component of response these challenges. In marine coastal spaces, NBS can contribute improved environmental health, mitigation adaptation, sustainable blue economy, if implemented high standard. However, been largely studied terrestrial – particularly urban systems, limited uptake thus far in areas, despite abundance opportunities. Here, we provide explanations this lag propose following three research priorities advance NBS: (1) Improve understanding biodiversity-ecosystem services relationships support better designed rebuilding system resilience achieving desired ecological outcomes under change; (2) Provide scientific guidance where implement coordinate strategies projects facilitate their design, effectiveness, value through innovative synergistic actions; (3) Develop ways enhance communication, collaboration, ocean literacy stewardship raise awareness, co-create solutions stakeholders, boost public policy buy-in, potentially drive sustained investment. Research effort areas will help practitioners, policy-makers society embrace managing ecosystems tangible benefits people life.

Language: Английский

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A marine protected area network does not confer community structure resilience to a marine heatwave across coastal ecosystems

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(19), P. 5634 - 5651

Published: July 13, 2023

Abstract Marine protected areas (MPAs) have gained attention as a conservation tool for enhancing ecosystem resilience to climate change. However, empirical evidence explicitly linking MPAs enhanced ecological is limited and mixed. To better understand whether can buffer impacts, we tested the resistance recovery of marine communities 2014–2016 Northeast Pacific heatwave in largest scientifically designed MPA network world off coast California, United States. The consists 124 (48 no‐take state reserves, 76 partial‐take or special regulation areas) implemented at different times, with full implementation completed 2012. We compared fish, benthic invertebrate, macroalgal community structure inside outside 13 across rocky intertidal, kelp forest, shallow reef, deep reef nearshore habitats California's Central Coast region from 2007 2020. also explored features, including age, size, depth, proportion rock, historic fishing pressure, habitat diversity richness, connectivity, fish biomass response ratios (proxy performance), conferred forest intertidal spanning 28 network. Ecological dramatically shifted due all four habitats, did not facilitate habitat‐wide recovery. Only significantly resist impacts. Community shifts were associated pronounced decline relative cold water species an increase warm species. features explain heatwave. Collectively, our findings suggest that ability mitigate impacts heatwaves on structure. Given mechanisms perturbations are complex, there clear need expand assessments ecosystem‐wide consequences resulting acute climate‐driven perturbations, potential role regulatory protection mitigating changes.

Language: Английский

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Integrating climate adaptation and transboundary management: Guidelines for designing climate-smart marine protected areas

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 1523 - 1541

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Climate change poses an urgent threat to biodiversity that demands societal responses. The magnitude of this challenge is reflected in recent international commitments protect 30% the planet by 2030 while adapting climate change. However, because global, interventions must transcend political boundaries. Here, using California Bight as a case study, we provide 21 biophysical guidelines for designing climate-smart transboundary marine protected area (MPA) networks and conduct analyses inform their application. We found future climates heatwaves could decrease ecological connectivity 50% hinder recovery vulnerable species MPAs. To buffer impacts change, MPA coverage should be expanded, focusing on protecting critical nodes network refugia, where might less severe. For shared ecoregions, these actions require coordination. Our work provides first comprehensive framework integrating resilience MPAs which will support other nations' aspirations.

Language: Английский

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Marine protected areas promote stability of reef fish communities under climate warming

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Abstract Protection from direct human impacts can safeguard marine life, yet ocean warming crosses protected area boundaries. Here, we test whether protection offers resilience to heatwaves local network scales. We examine 71,269 timeseries of population abundances for 2269 reef fish species surveyed in 357 versus 747 open sites worldwide. quantify the stability abundance populations metacommunities, considering responses and functional diversity including thermal affinity different trophic groups. Overall, mitigates adverse effects on abundance, community stability, asynchronous fluctuations richness. find that is positively related distance centers high density only areas. provide evidence networks areas have persistent communities oceans by maintaining large promoting at levels biological organization.

Language: Английский

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Protection of seabed sediments in Canada's marine conservation network for potential climate change mitigation co-benefit

FACETS, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 1 - 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Marine conserved areas (MCAs) can provide a range of ecological and socio-economic benefits, including climate change mitigation from the protection enhancement natural carbon storage. Canada's MCA network is expanding to encompass 30% its Exclusive Economic Zone by 2030. At present, aims integrate protecting coastal vegetated blue ecosystems (saltmarsh, seagrass, kelp). Here, we argue that incorporating unvegetated seabed sediments could bring similar benefits. Seabed store and/or accumulate high densities organic carbon, due their large spatial extent, contain stores orders magnitude larger than habitats. We estimate currently designated MCAs only 10.8% sediment stocks on continental margin, 13.4% with densities. Proposed would cover an additional 8.8% 6.1% total areas, respectively. identify set high-priority for future research potential protection, ranking importance based stocks, proxies lability, ecological/biological significance. The incorporation into networks support preventing releases stored carbon.

Language: Английский

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Marine spatial planning to solve increasing conflicts at sea: A framework for prioritizing offshore windfarms and marine protected areas

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 339, P. 117857 - 117857

Published: April 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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