Blaming the unvaccinated during the COVID-19 pandemic: the roles of political ideology and risk perceptions in the USA DOI Open Access
Maja Graso, Karl Aquino, Fan Xuan Chen

et al.

Journal of Medical Ethics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(4), P. 246 - 252

Published: June 9, 2023

Individuals unvaccinated against COVID-19 (C19) experienced prejudice and blame for the pandemic. Because people vastly overestimate C19 risks, we examined whether these negative judgements could be partially understood as a form of scapegoating (ie, blaming group unfairly an undesirable outcome) political ideology (previously shown to shape risk perceptions in USA) moderates unvaccinated. We grounded our analyses literature perception during C19. obtained support speculations through two vignette-based studies conducted USA early 2022. varied profiles (age, prior infection, comorbidities) vaccination statuses vignette characters (eg, vaccinated, vaccinated without recent boosters, unvaccinated, unvaccinated-recovered), while keeping all other information constant. observed that hold (vs vaccinated) more responsible pandemic outcomes moderated effects: liberals conservatives) were likely scapegoat vaccinated), even when presented with challenging culpability known at time data collection natural immunity, availability vaccines, since last vaccination). These findings explanation specific group-based emerged encourage medical ethicists examine consequences significant overestimation among public. The public needs accurate about health issues. That may involve combating misinformation overestimates underestimates disease similar vigilance error.

Language: Английский

COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers—A Review DOI Creative Commons
Christopher Peterson, Benjamin Lee, Kenneth Nugent

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 948 - 948

Published: June 15, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated vaccine have highlighted hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs). Vaccine this group existed prior to the particularly centered around influenza vaccination. Being a physician, having more advanced education, previous vaccination habits are frequently with acceptance. relationship between age caring for patients on is unclear, studies providing opposing results. Reasons include concerns about safety efficacy, mistrust of government institutions, waiting data, feeling that personal rights being infringed upon. Many these reasons reflect attitudes as well political beliefs views autonomy. Finally, several interventions encourage been studied, including education programs non-monetary incentives most effective using combination methods.

Language: Английский

Citations

153
Science skepticism in times of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Bastiaan T. Rutjens, Sander van der Linden, Romy van der Lee

et al.

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 276 - 283

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

In the current paper, we argue that to get a better understanding of psychological antecedents COVID-related science skepticism, it is pivotal review what known about (social) psychology skepticism. Recent research highlighting role ideologies and worldviews in shaping skepticism can inform questions as well pandemic responses COVID-19. It likely general COVID-19-related substantially overlap with climate change Additionally, potential vaccine particular will be fueled by similar worries misperceptions those more antivaccination attitudes, which conspiracy thinking particularly worth highlighting. We conclude reflecting on how COVID-19 crisis may shape future social-psychological aimed at trust

Language: Английский

Citations

133
Politicians polarize and experts depolarize public support for COVID-19 management policies across countries DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Flores, Jennifer C. Cole, Stephan Dickert

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(3)

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Political polarization impeded public support for policies to reduce the spread of COVID-19, much as hinders responses other contemporary challenges. Unlike previous theory and research that focused on United States, present examined effects political elite cues affective manage COVID-19 pandemic in seven countries (

Language: Английский

Citations

120
Politicization of COVID-19 health-protective behaviors in the United States: Longitudinal and cross-national evidence DOI Creative Commons
Wolfgang Stroebe, Michelle R. vanDellen, Georgios Abakoumkin

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. e0256740 - e0256740

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

During the initial phase of COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. conservative politicians and media downplayed risk both contracting effectiveness recommended health behaviors. Health behavior theories suggest perceived vulnerability to a threat health-protective behaviors determine motivation follow recommendations. Accordingly, we predicted that-as result politicization pandemic-politically Americans would be less likely enact In two longitudinal studies residents, political conservatism was inversely associated with adoption over time. The effects orientation on were mediated by infection, severity global cross-national analysis, stronger in (N = 10,923) than an international sample (total N 51,986), highlighting increased overt

Language: Английский

Citations

105
Communication of COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media by Physicians in the US DOI Creative Commons

Sahana Sule,

Marisa C. DaCosta,

Erin DeCou

et al.

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(8), P. e2328928 - e2328928

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Approximately one-third of the more than 1 100 000 confirmed COVID-19-related deaths as January 18, 2023, were considered preventable if public health recommendations had been followed. Physicians' propagation misinformation about COVID-19 on social media and other internet-based platforms has raised professional, health, ethical concerns.To characterize (1) types propagated by US physicians after vaccines became available, (2) online used, (3) characteristics spreading misinformation.Using Centers for Disease Control Prevention guidelines prevention treatment infection during study window to define misinformation, structured searches high-use (Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Parler, YouTube) news sources (The New York Times, National Public Radio) conducted identify communicated US-based between 2021 December 2022. state licensure medical specialty identified. The number followers each physician 4 major was extracted estimate reach qualitative content analysis messages performed.Outcome measures included categories propagated, traits engaged in propagation, type channels used propagate potential reach.The attributed 52 28 different specialties across all regions country. General vaccines, medication, masks, (ie, conspiracy theories). Forty-two (80.8%) posted vaccine 40 (76.9%) information category, 20 (38.5%) 5 or platforms. Major themes identified disputing safety effectiveness, promoting treatments lacking scientific evidence and/or Food Drug Administration approval, mask-wearing (4) (unsubstantiated claims, eg, virus origin, government lies, theories).In this mixed-methods media, results suggest widespread, inaccurate, potentially harmful assertions made country who represented a range subspecialties. Further research is needed assess extent harms associated with motivations these behaviors, legal professional recourse improve accountability propagation.

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Racial differences in institutional trust and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and refusal DOI Creative Commons
Anisah Bagasra, Sara Doan, Christopher T. Allen

et al.

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Nov. 16, 2021

Abstract Background Previous research has indicated that demographic differences affect COVID-19 vaccination rates. Trust, in both the vaccine itself and institutional trust, is one possible factor. The present study examines racial trust status among a nationally representative sample of adults United States. Methods Data for current was collected as part Wave 8 Omnibus 2000 survey conducted by RAND ALP consisted 2080 participants. Responses were through online March 2021. Results Trust scientific community strongest predictor already receiving at least dose time study. Asians had significantly higher compared to all other groups. also showed significant difference level government’s response pandemic with Indian/Alaskan Natives reporting lower Whites, Blacks Asians. when those who identified Other. Those identify American lowest levels trust. not indicative within sample. Conclusions Strategies increase can be employed address hesitancy community-based initiatives building partnerships between local stakeholders.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Politics of COVID-19 vaccine mandates: Left/right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and libertarianism DOI

Yilang Peng

Personality and Individual Differences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 194, P. 111661 - 111661

Published: April 11, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Video-based messages to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and nudge vaccination intentions DOI Creative Commons
Ulrich Thy Jensen, Stephanie L. Ayers, Alexis Koskan

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. e0265736 - e0265736

Published: April 6, 2022

Vaccines are highly effective for curbing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Yet, millions Americans remain hesitant about getting vaccinated, jeopardizing our ability to end COVID-19 pandemic by fueling and development new variants. We show that brief video-based messages encouragement addressing specific vaccine concerns increase vaccination intentions, in turn, predictive future uptake. Results from online experiment reveal willingness get vaccinated is driven confidence vaccines perceived behavioral control vaccinated. Importantly, were particularly among more skeptical populations including people who identify as politically conservative or moderate those express low trust government institutions. Our findings corroborate real-world significance devise how even short, scalable can provide governments health authorities an inexpensive, yet tool increasing intentions vaccinate against most reluctant them.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Mistrust in public health institutions is a stronger predictor of vaccine hesitancy and uptake than Trust in Trump DOI
Yong‐Jin Choi, Ashley Fox

Social Science & Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 314, P. 115440 - 115440

Published: Oct. 13, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Pandemic panic? Results of a 14-month longitudinal study on fear of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Gaëtan Mertens, Paul Lodder, Tom Smeets

et al.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 322, P. 15 - 23

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Fear is an evolutionary adaptive emotion that serves to protect the organism from harm. Once a threat diminishes, fear should also dissipate as otherwise may become chronic and pathological. While actual of COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., number infections, hospitalizations, deaths) has substantially varied over course pandemic, it remains unclear whether (subjective) followed similar pattern.

Language: Английский

Citations

40