Update 2025: Management of Non‑Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Lung, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 203(1)

Published: March 25, 2025

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Since 2024, non-small-cell lung (NSCLC) landscape has undergone a transformative shift, driven by 11 FDA approvals. Recent advances in molecular profiling, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies have revolutionized NSCLC management, ushering an era personalized treatment with improved patient outcomes. The increased adoption low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for screening enhanced early detection, enabling intervention at more curable stages. Molecular diagnostics now play pivotal role guiding strategies, actionable genomic alterations (AGAs) informing use EGFR, ALK, ROS1, KRAS, NRG1, other inhibitors both advanced settings. For instance, therapies are increasingly being integrated into early-stage adjuvant osimertinib EGFR-mutated alectinib ALK-positive demonstrating substantial survival benefits. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, become cornerstone AGA-negative NSCLC, either as monotherapy or combination chemotherapy, is utilized perioperative setting. Furthermore, emerging such bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), novel immunotherapeutic agents show promise addressing resistance mechanisms improving outcomes advanced-stage disease. Although new challenges arise, evolving paradigm continues to prioritize precision medicine, offering hope prolonged quality life patients.

Language: Английский

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Dual-functional probe for sensitive detection of MCF-7 cells and mendelian randomization analysis of MUC1 association with multiple cancers

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The present study successfully developed a method based on dual-functional probe for detecting breast cancer cells MCF-7 by recognizing the MUC1 protein cell surface. This integrated inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and fluorescence imaging technology, enhancing sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of detection. Additionally, through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we verified potential correlation between (PIVW<0.05), while also proving no liver (PIVW>0.05). Furthermore, this explored relationship other cancers MUC1, indicating ovarian colorectal with (PIVW<0.05). In summary, provides new strategies early diagnosis treatment offers insights into as biomarker detection cancers.

Language: Английский

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Artificial intelligence for diagnosis and predictive biomarkers in Non-Small cell lung cancer Patients: New promises but also new hurdles for the pathologist

Lung Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 200, P. 108110 - 108110

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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In smokers, the axis NCAPG/hsa-let-7b-5p/TMPO-AS1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma

Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 44 - 53

Published: March 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Investigating the frequencies of EGFR mutations and EGFR single nucleotide polymorphisms genotypes and their predictive role in NSCLC patients in Republic of Serbia

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular analysis for EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 alterations in over 3000 Indian patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: A retrospective observational study

Cancer Research Statistics and Treatment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 11 - 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background: Accurate molecular testing in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is of paramount importance for treatment, prediction, and prognostication. Objectives: We aimed to comprehensively describe the clinicopathological profile Indian patients with NSCLC regard alterations epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 ROS1 ). Materials Methods: conducted a retrospective analysis tissue samples tested between January 2015 December 2021 at Metropolis Healthcare Limited global referral laboratory facility Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Testing was EGFR by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Sanger sequencing , ALK immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence situ hybridization (FISH), (ROS1) FISH. analyzed positivity status determined trends results targets cases. Results: Out 3220 malignancy, 1750 (54.3%) were out which 510 (29.1%) positive. The most common mutation detected exon 19 (334/510, 65.5%), followed 21 (164/510, 32.2%). A total 1548 (48.1%) cases IHC, 125/1548 (8.1%) showed positivity, while among 372/3220 (11.6%) FISH, 29/372 (7.8%) In squamous cell carcinoma, rate IHC 5.3%. Of 372 353 (94.9%) as well; 98.9% concordance observed positive 370/3220 (11.5%) low 13/370 (3.5%). Conclusions: have 29% 8.1% 3.5% when RT-PCR, respectively. detailed using next-generation (NGS) may help detect higher number amenable therapy.

Language: Английский

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Research Progress on Comprehensive Perioperative Immunotherapy for Resectable NSCLC

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(05), P. 61 - 69

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cross-attention enables deep learning on limited omics-imaging-clinical data of 130 lung cancer patients

Cell Reports Methods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(7), P. 100817 - 100817

Published: July 1, 2024

Deep-learning tools that extract prognostic factors derived from multi-omics data have recently contributed to individualized predictions of survival outcomes. However, the limited size integrated omics-imaging-clinical datasets poses challenges. Here, we propose two biologically interpretable and robust deep-learning architectures for prediction non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, learning simultaneously computed tomography (CT) scan images, gene expression data, clinical information. The proposed models integrate patient-specific clinical, transcriptomic, imaging incorporate Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) Reactome pathway information, adding biological knowledge within process biomarkers molecular pathways. While both accurately stratify patients in high- low-risk groups when trained on a dataset only 130 introducing cross-attention mechanism sparse autoencoder significantly improves performance, highlighting tumor regions NSCLC-related genes as potential thus offering significant methodological advancement small imaging-omics-clinical samples.

Language: Английский

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Predictive and prognostic biomarkers in solid tumours

Pathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(2), P. 145 - 146

Published: Dec. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Antibody–Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Central Nervous System Metastases

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(10), P. 6314 - 6342

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an emerging class of targeted anticancer agents that have demonstrated impressive efficacy in numerous cancer types. In non-small cell lung (NSCLC), ADCs become a component the treatment armamentarium for subset patients with metastatic disease. Emerging data suggest some exhibit activity even central nervous system (CNS) metastases, disease site is difficult to treat and associated poor prognosis. Herein, we describe summarize existing evidence surrounding NSCLC focus on CNS activity.

Language: Английский

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