Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
24, P. 100352 - 100352
Published: April 13, 2022
Cortisol
and
corticosterone
(CORT)
coordinate
circadian
events
manage
the
stress
response
by
differential
activation
of
two
complementary
brain
receptor
systems,
i.e.,
mineralocorticoid
(MR)
glucocorticoid
(GR),
which
mediate
rapid
non-genomic
slow
genomic
actions.
Several
recent
discoveries
are
highlighted
from
molecular
fine-tuning
MR/GR
balance
FKBP5
to
CORTs
role
in
neural
network
regulation
underlying
adaptation
emotional,
cognitive,
social
domains
behavior.
The
data
suggest
that
MR
mediates
CORT
action
on
risk
assessment,
interaction,
selection,
while
GR
promotes
memory
consolidation
behavioral
adaptation;
there
also
sex
differences
action.
New
evidence
suggests
targeting
resets
a
dysregulated
system
resilience.
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
58(4), P. 3003 - 3025
Published: July 17, 2023
Abstract
Environmental
factors
interact
with
biological
and
genetic
influencing
the
development
well‐being
of
an
organism.
The
interest
in
better
understanding
role
environment
on
behavior
physiology
led
to
animal
models
environmental
manipulations.
enrichment
(EE),
condition
that
allows
cognitive
sensory
stimulation
as
well
social
interaction,
improves
function,
reduces
anxiety
depressive‐like
promotes
neuroplasticity.
In
addition,
it
exerts
protection
against
neurodegenerative
disorders,
aging
deficits
aggravated
by
stressful
experiences.
Given
beneficial
effects
EE
brain
behavior,
preclinical
studies
have
focused
its
protective
alternative,
non‐invasive
manipulation,
help
organism
cope
stress.
A
valid,
reliable
effective
model
chronic
stress
enhances
depression‐like
is
unpredictable
mild
(CUMS).
variety
stressors
unpredictability
time
sequence
exposure
prevent
habituation,
render
CUMS
ethologically
relevant
model.
has
been
associated
dysregulation
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
axis,
elevation
basal
levels
hormones,
reduction
volume,
dendritic
atrophy
alterations
markers
synaptic
plasticity.
Although
numerous
underlined
compensatory
negative
various
regimens
(e.g.
restraint
isolation),
research
concerning
interaction
between
sparse.
purpose
current
systematic
review
present
up‐to‐date
findings
regarding
CUMS.
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: Aug. 22, 2023
In
this
review,
a
hypothesis
is
proposed
to
explain
the
beneficial
effect
of
an
enriched
environment
(EE)
on
conditioned
fear
reaction
(CFR)
from
perspective
functional
system
behavioral
control.
According
hypothesis,
EE
affects
all
act
components,
including
processing
sensory
information,
memory,
motivational
and
reinforcing
systems,
motor
activities,
which
weakens
CFR.
Animals
raised
in
have
effects
that
are
comparable
those
context
(CTX)
CS
pre-exposures
at
latent
inhibition.
An
abundance
stimuli
constant
contact
with
them
provide
formation
CS-noUS
CTX-noUS
connections
later,
during
CFR
learning,
slow
down
diminish
fear.
The
also
contributes
faster
information
habituation
it.
As
result,
many
lose
their
significance,
subjects
simply
ignore
them.
And
finally,
brain
mechanisms,
induces
impairment
search
activity,
worsens
memory
consolidation,
leads
reduction
Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
24, P. 100352 - 100352
Published: April 13, 2022
Cortisol
and
corticosterone
(CORT)
coordinate
circadian
events
manage
the
stress
response
by
differential
activation
of
two
complementary
brain
receptor
systems,
i.e.,
mineralocorticoid
(MR)
glucocorticoid
(GR),
which
mediate
rapid
non-genomic
slow
genomic
actions.
Several
recent
discoveries
are
highlighted
from
molecular
fine-tuning
MR/GR
balance
FKBP5
to
CORTs
role
in
neural
network
regulation
underlying
adaptation
emotional,
cognitive,
social
domains
behavior.
The
data
suggest
that
MR
mediates
CORT
action
on
risk
assessment,
interaction,
selection,
while
GR
promotes
memory
consolidation
behavioral
adaptation;
there
also
sex
differences
action.
New
evidence
suggests
targeting
resets
a
dysregulated
system
resilience.