Renewable Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 224, P. 120159 - 120159
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Language: Английский
Applied Catalysis B Environment and Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 343, P. 123584 - 123584
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
The electrocatalytic process of water splitting offers a promising approach to produce sustainable hydrogen. However, the slow kinetics oxygen evolution reaction (OER) presents notable challenge, especially in acidic environment proton exchange membrane (PEM) systems. Despite extensive progress made catalyst development for hydrogen production through electrolysis last century, significant advancements have been accomplished. quest OER catalysts that possess both high activity and stability, while also being affordable, continues be challenging. Currently, Ru/Ir-based electrocatalysts are only practical anode available. Therefore, it is crucial explore feasible strategies enhance performance longevity catalysts. This review comprehensive assessment obstacles prospective Additionally, underscores areas research concentration, providing valuable perspectives future endeavors development.
Language: Английский
Citations
66
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 82, P. 583 - 599
Published: Aug. 3, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
57
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 189, P. 113883 - 113883
Published: Oct. 24, 2023
Green hydrogen is seen as a promising energy storage and balancing solution to complement the ever-increasing share of variable renewable sources in grid. The dynamic operation polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers has potential simultaneously lower cost green improve flexibility grid by taking advantage volatility production. However, affects wide range variables related degradation electrolyzer components safety efficiency process, often counterintuitive ways. This, turn, makes it difficult predict levelized produced when operating on electricity markets. This critical review examines state-of-the-art literature behavior PEM under operation, bearing mind objective reducing hydrogen. Knowledge gaps, key development directions, future research needs are identified with respect electrolysis equipment, parameters, degradation, role dynamically operated It found that while field developing at rapid pace, there lack holistic studies consider all (or even most of) interconnected affect during electrolyzers. postulated this complex network interactions will give rise data-driven approaches (such Machine Learning) bridge gap.
Language: Английский
Citations
49
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(14), P. 10177 - 10186
Published: March 27, 2024
The evolution of electrogenerated gas bubbles during water electrolysis can significantly hamper the overall process efficiency. Promoting departure electrochemically generated (water) is therefore beneficial. For a single bubble, from electrode surface occurs when buoyancy wins over downward-acting forces (e.g., contact, Marangoni, and electric forces). In this work, dynamics pair H2 produced hydrogen reaction in 0.5 M H2SO4 using dual platinum microelectrode system systematically studied by varying distance cathodic potential. By combining high-speed imaging electrochemical analysis, we demonstrate importance bubble–bubble interactions process. We show that bubble coalescence may lead to substantially earlier as compared effects alone, resulting considerably higher rates at constant However, due continued mass input conservation momentum, repeated events with close drive departed back beyond critical current, which increases spacing. latter leads resumption growth near surface, followed buoyancy-driven departure. While less favorable small spacing, configuration proves be very beneficial larger separations, increasing mean current up 2.4 times under conditions explored study.
Language: Английский
Citations
44
ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 921 - 954
Published: Jan. 4, 2024
Sustainable hydrogen (H2) production via water electrolysis is one of the most critical pathways to decarbonize chemical industry. Among various electrolyzer technologies, proton exchange membrane (PEM) (PEMWE) widely regarded as having a great advantage and promise for large-scale H2 given its high efficiency, reliable stability, output pressure. Though state-of-the-art iridium-based catalysts exhibit satisfying activity stability oxygen evolution reaction at anode, their loadings, well precious metal coating titanium bulk porous transport layer (PTL) bipolar plates, significantly add capital cost PEMWE stack. The respective optimization integration PTL, catalyst (CL) PEM enhancing charge transfer, mass transport, utilization lower operation cost, yet it has not received adequate attention. In this review, anode engineering strategies rationally design PTL/CL interface PEM/CL performance improvement reduction are summarized. Current understandings on PTL material, structure, two-phase properties first gathered, followed by discussion methods techniques. Given raising attention electrolyzers operating current densities, review provides practical comprehensive direction next-generation addressing key components related efficiency issues in PEMWE.
Language: Английский
Citations
43
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)
Published: July 23, 2024
Abstract It is vital to explore effective ways for prolonging electrode lifespans under harsh electrolysis conditions, such as high current densities, acid environment, and impure water source. Here we report alternating approaches that realize promptly regularly repair/maintenance concurrent bubble evolution. Electrode are improved by co-action of Fe group elemental ions alkali metal cations, especially a unique Co 2+ -Na + combo. A commercial Ni foam sustains ampere-level densities alternatingly during continuous 93.8 h in an acidic solution, whereas completely dissolved ~2 conventional conditions. The work not only explores electrolysis-based system, cation-based catalytic systems, electrodeposition techniques, beyond, but demonstrates the possibility prolonged repeated deposition-dissolution processes. With enough adjustable experimental variables, upper improvement limit lifespan would be high.
Language: Английский
Citations
37
Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(14), P. 5200 - 5215
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
We demonstrate the practical applicability of Ni–Co–Mn–P as an efficient electrocatalyst active in all HER, OER, and ORR processes even under ultra-high mass loading over 22 mg cm −2 .
Language: Английский
Citations
36
Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(37)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract Seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production is a sustainable and economical approach that can mitigate the energy crisis global warming issues. Although various catalysts/electrodes with excellent activities have been developed high‐efficiency seawater electrolysis, their unsatisfactory durability, especially anodes, severely impedes industrial applications. In this review, attention paid to factors affect stability of anodes corresponding strategies designing catalytic materials prolong anode's lifetime. addition, two important aspects—electrolyte optimization electrolyzer design—with respect anode improvement are summarized. Furthermore, several methods rapid assessment proposed fast screening both highly active stable catalysts/electrodes. Finally, perspectives on future investigations aimed at improving systems outlined.
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Progress in Materials Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 101294 - 101294
Published: April 5, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
31
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 381 - 397
Published: April 7, 2024
This review, addressing developers, users, and researchers of PEM water electrolysis stacks, provides a detailed overview the most important degradation mechanisms, underlying influencing factors, resulting impact on system component degradation. By investigating significance consequences mechanisms stack performance life-time, it comprehensive understanding challenges impacts associated with technology. Possible qualitative quantitative statements based observed phenomena single cell level as well from ex-situ examinations are evaluated. The common diagnostic tools, electrochemical, imaging, physical analysis methods, elemental structural described in an application-oriented manner regarding their advantages, possibilities, limits.
Language: Английский
Citations
31