So depression is an inflammatory disease, but where does the inflammation come from?

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 12, 2013

We now know that depression is associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory response and activation of cell-mediated immunity, as well the compensatory anti-inflammatory reflex system. It similarly accompanied by increased oxidative nitrosative stress (O&NS), which contribute to neuroprogression in disorder. The obvious question this poses ‘what source chronic inflammation?’ This review explores role inflammation possible mediators known environmental risk factors depression, discusses potential implications these findings. A range appear increase for development seem be systemic inflammation; include psychosocial stressors, poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, smoking, altered gut permeability, atopy, dental cares, sleep vitamin D deficiency. identification sources provides support mediating pathway both depression. Critically, most are plastic, potentially amenable therapeutic preventative interventions. Most, but not all, above mentioned may play other psychiatric disorders, such bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism post-traumatic

Language: Английский

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Physiology of Circadian Entrainment

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 90(3), P. 1063 - 1102

Published: July 1, 2010

Mammalian circadian rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological oscillators, including a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Since period of this oscillation is ∼24 h, to keep synchrony with environment, need be entrained daily means Zeitgeber (“time giver”) signals, such as light-dark cycle. Recent advances neurophysiology and molecular biology rhythmicity allow better understanding synchronization. In review we cover several aspects mechanisms for photic entrainment mammalian rhythms, retinal sensitivity light novel photopigments well variations retina that contribute regulation physiology. Downstream from retina, examine retinohypothalamic communication through neurotransmitter (glutamate, aspartate, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) interaction SCN receptors resulting signal transduction pathways neurons, putative neuron-glia interactions. Finally, describe analyze gene expression its importance mechanisms, disorders or diseases related deficits, experimental clinical treatments.

Language: Английский

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Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disease

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 589 - 599

Published: July 14, 2010

Language: Английский

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Depression Scores Associate With Chronotype and Social Jetlag in a Rural Population

Chronobiology International, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 771 - 778

Published: Sept. 6, 2011

In public health, mood disorders are among the most important mental impairments. Patients with depressive episodes exhibit daily variations, abnormal patterns in sleep-wake behavior, and rhythms of several endocrine-metabolic parameters. Although relationship between sleep/circadian processes is poorly understood, clock-related therapies, such as light therapy, sleep deprivation, rigid schedules, have been shown to be effective treatments. Several studies investigated circadian phenotype (chronotype) depression. These focused mainly on urban populations assessed diurnal preferences (Morningness-Eveningness score) rather than actual timing activity. Here, we used Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) an essentially rural population (N = 4051), its relation (chronotype social jetlag), Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ). our study design, (i) normalized both chronotype BDI scores for age sex (MSFsas BDIas, respectively); (ii) calculated individual jetlag (misalignment biological time); (iii) phenotypes a homogeneous respect culture, socioeconomic factors, exposure. A 15.65% 634) participants showed mild severe scores. Late chronotypes had higher BDIas intermediate early types, which was independent whether or not were smokers. Both correlated positively jetlag. significantly subjects >2 h rest population—again smoking status. We also compared distributions categories (no symptoms, minimal symptoms depression) separately men women four groups; specifically group 31–40 yrs, later suffered from Our results indicate that misalignment time may risk factor developing depression, especially 31- 40-yr-olds. relationships should further longitudinal reveal if reduction part prevention strategies. (Author correspondence: [email protected])

Language: Английский

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Allostatic load in bipolar disorder: Implications for pathophysiology and treatment

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 675 - 692

Published: Dec. 5, 2007

Language: Английский

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How Might Circadian Rhythms Control Mood? Let Me Count the Ways...

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 74(4), P. 242 - 249

Published: April 1, 2013

Language: Английский

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The circadian clock and pathology of the ageing brain

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 325 - 335

Published: March 7, 2012

Language: Английский

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The genetics of bipolar disorder

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 164(1), P. 331 - 343

Published: April 8, 2009

Language: Английский

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Neuroplasticity Mediated by Altered Gene Expression

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 3 - 17

Published: Aug. 29, 2007

Language: Английский

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Differential Association of Circadian Genes with Mood Disorders: CRY1 and NPAS2 are Associated with Unipolar Major Depression and CLOCK and VIP with Bipolar Disorder

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. 1279 - 1289

Published: Jan. 13, 2010

Language: Английский

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