A review on probiotics and dietary bioactives: Insights on metabolic well-being, gut microbiota, and inflammatory responses

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100919 - 100919

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Therapeutic Role of Flavonoids Through AMPK Activation in Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

ABSTRACT Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interrelated metabolic abnormalities that significantly elevate the risk cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. Flavonoids, diverse class bioactive polyphenolic compounds found in plant‐derived foods beverages, have garnered increasing attention as potential therapeutic agents for improving health. This review provides comprehensive analysis effects flavonoids context MetS, with particular focus on their modulation AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. AMPK serves central regulator cellular energy balance, glucose metabolism, lipid homeostasis, making it critical target intervention. Through systematic literature up to April 2024, preclinical studies across various flavonoid subclasses, including flavonols, flavan‐3‐ols, were analysed elucidate mechanistic roles regulation. Many suggests enhance glycolipid metabolism by facilitating transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation activating pathway, thereby glycemic control diabetes models. In obesity‐related studies, demonstrated significant inhibitory synthesis, reduced adipogenesis, attenuated proinflammatory cytokine secretion via activation. These findings show broad addressing MetS its associated disorders. While these insights highlight promising natural health improvement, important note excessive concentrations may disrupt pathways, potentially leading imbalance cytotoxicity. Further clinical trials are essential determine optimal dosing regimens, formulations, long‐term safety efficacy flavonoids. highlights importance interventions targeting comorbidities, offering foundation future translational research.

Language: Английский

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Real-world application of molecular docking in drug discovery

Advances in pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Development and characterisation of polymeric solid dispersed systems of hesperidin, obtained by centrifugal fibre formation

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e42702 - e42702

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The flavonoid hesperidin is a crucial, biologically active substance of great interest because its polypharmacological properties and high safety profile. However, widespread use this bioflavonoid in remedies for the treatment prevention various diseases limited by low water solubility. This study reports on solid dispersed systems (SDSs) hesperidin, fabricated first time via method centrifugal fibre. For one compositions these SDSs, solubility observed to be 150-170 times higher than that pure compound. Polyvinylpyrrolidones, with different molecular weights, was used as fibre-forming polymer carrier, alongside sucrose mannitol auxiliary substances enhance yield composites. SDSs form fibres were characterised differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). DSC PXRD results confirmed amorphisation fibrous SDSs. FTIR interaction components SDS composites occurs due formation intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Studies vitro release kinetics buffer media pH = 1.2, 4.5 6.8 showed rate from centrifugally formed considerably dissolution hesperidin. Thus, confirm fibre simple effective fabricating highly soluble

Language: Английский

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Ameliorative Role of Naringenin in MPTP- Induced Parkinsonism: Insights from Drosophila melanogaster Experimental Model Combined with Computational Biology

Toxicology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 102004 - 102004

Published: March 21, 2025

This study probed the ameliorative effects of naringenin in a D. melanogaster model 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism, incorporating computational analysis. Initially, flies were treated with (100-500 µM) and MPTP (250-750 for 14 days two separate studies to determine optimum concentrations treatments. Following this, (100 300 administered (500 µM)-exposed 4-day study. Motor function, survival rate, neurotoxicity biomarkers assessed alongside biological network analysis molecular docking simulation. Results indicate that exhibits hormetic behavior, 100-300 µM providing optimal neuroprotection. The treatments significantly improved negative geotaxis acetylcholinesterase activity, reduced MPTP-induced oxidative stress as indicated by nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, protein carbonyl levels. Furthermore, restored thiol contents, enhanced catalase glutathione-S-transferase activities. Network helped identify key targets, including DRD4, DRD2, NFKB1, MAOB, MAPK14, CYP2A6, which function dopaminergic signaling oxido-inflammatory pathways. Molecular revealed strong binding interactions MAO, MAPK, NF-κB primarily through bonding hydrophobic interactions. Overall, these findings suggest mitigates enhancing neurotransmission suppressing inflammation. further supports neuroprotective potential could be suggested promising nutraceutical/drug candidate Parkinson's disease.

Language: Английский

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In vitro study of anti-coccidial activity of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extracts against Eimeria magna and Eimeria media

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Background Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina are used in traditional medicine for their various biological properties, but few studies have assessed antioxidant anticoccidial capacities toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity, activity (against Eimeria magna media), phytochemical content toxicity leaves extracts from two plants. Methodology: Aqueous acetonic both plants were prepared analysed polyphenol, flavonoid tannin contents. Antioxidant measured via DPPH method. effects increasing concentrations tested on Eimeria oocysts sporozoites. Toxicity by mortality tests Artemia salina larvae clinical rats. Result results show that V. greater than those O. gratissimum. acetone presented lower EC₅₀ values (2.4025 ± 0.0385) 3.541 0.112 amygdalina) did aqueous extracts. With respect anti-ocyst activity, inhibited sporulation E. up 91% at 40 mg/mL (p˂0.05). revealed not toxic salina. No major histological changes observed. significant properties nontoxic applications. Conclusion This shows possess with superior efficacy amygdalina. These potential as natural alternatives management coccidiosis farm animals, helping reduce use synthetic antiparasitics promote sustainable agricultural practices. Further long-term application livestock farming required.

Language: Английский

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Piroplasm infestations in cattle: exploring tick control using Chrysanthemum extract and neem oil emulsion

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 31, 2025

Tick-borne diseases represent a major threat to both animal and human health globally. This study explores the prevalence of tick infestation associated piroplasm infections specifically Theileria Babesia species in cattle, addition evaluating acaricidal effectiveness Chrysanthemum extract (Dendranthema grandiflora) neem oil emulsion (Azadirachta indica). Among 130 cattle examined, 61 were infested with ticks subsequently screened for infections. Molecular analysis identified caused by annulata bigemina. A strong association was found between species, while T. infection showed slight correlation. Hemolymph examination confirmed critical role life cycle infection. tested their properties against adult (Rhipicephalus annulatus). (0.5 mg/mL) mortality within 24 h. However, induced rapid significant at (20 mg/L) (15 mg/L), achieving 100% same time frame. Both treatments demonstrated high effectiveness, results indicating dose-and time-dependent effects compared controls. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed extensive morphological damage treated ticks. included destruction hypostome, loss surface striations, wrinkling pore formation, cracking following exposure extract. These findings highlight potential D. grandiflora as effective natural acaricides controlling infestations reducing tick-borne diseases.

Language: Английский

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Phytomedicine approach for management of diabetes mellitus: an overview of scientifically confirmed medicinal plants with hypoglycaemic properties and their probable mechanism of action

Phytochemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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The association and interactions of malnutrition, micronutrients, and drug therapy in the management of tuberculosis

World Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 102 - 114

Published: June 30, 2024

Tuberculosis is an infectious lung disease that the leading cause of death worldwide. Globally, over 3,500 people lose their lives to tuberculosis each day – totalling 1.3 million deaths year. Mycobacterium acid-fast bacteria causes tuberculosis. Fever, coughing, exhaustion, and weight loss are among symptoms patients with display. transmitted from person by inhaling airborne droplets. Immune compromised individuals at high risk for developing Direct microscopy sputum smears solid media cultures used as diagnostic techniques. The global effort combat has so far saved estimated 75 since 2000. present review focuses on association between malnutrition tuberculosis, micronutrient status, drugs in therapy. greatest factor TB malnutrition, which weakens immunity lowering cells' ability fight off infections. Many micronutrients useful controlling boosting host's immunity. These include copper, zinc, selenium, iron, vitamin A, C, D, B6, E. Furthermore, longevity intensive care units (ICUs) depends status. Several medications, such isoniazid, ethambutol, rifabutin, levofloxacin, amikacin, streptomycin, capreomycin, treat a certain period time. Anti-tuberculosis medications can B6 deficiency, arthralgias, gastrointestinal issues, hepatotoxic effects, allergic reactions adverse effects. United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed end epidemic 2023 but more work remains be done.

Language: Английский

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Potential of Green Synthesis Using a Nanotechnology Approach to Enhance the Biological Properties of Onion Extracts

Nigerian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 64 - 73

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

The use of onions as a natural source medicinal compounds is on the rise globally. However, its therapeutic effectiveness limited by several factors, including poor solubility, low bioavailability, etc. Hence, developing strategies to overcome these limitations and enhance their potential justified. This study therefore investigates green synthesis using nanotechnology approach biological properties onion extracts. Three different varieties were used. bulbs each sliced, air-dried, separately extracted an ethyl acetate ethanol solvent mixture (1:1 v/v). Each extract obtained was divided into two: plain synthesised silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) extract. mixing with solution nitrate heating for 5 hours at 60oC. DPPH (1,1 difenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) hydrogen peroxide scavenging, total antioxidant capacity, red blood cell membrane stabilisation, protein denaturation, heat-induced hemolysis assayed. results showed enhanced scavenging abilities extracts ≤ 81.01% in comparison value exerted 75.61%. capacities Ag-NPs ranged from 0.46±0.6 0.85±0.06 mg AAE/g dry extract, while 0.76±0.3 0.96±0.09 inhibited denaturation 61.80±0.09–73.34±0.16%, compared 42.25±0.20–55.08±0.12% suggests that approaches can anti-inflammatory leading improved efficacy.

Language: Английский

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