Acute stress induces habit formation as evidenced by a contingency degradation task

Published: May 22, 2024

Instrumental behaviour is goal-directed when controlled by the value of outcome and knowledge action-outcome contingency, otherwise it deemed to be external stimuli (habit). It accepted that stress modulates control instrumental actions in a manner favours habitual over control. Indeed, while existing research extensively links habit formation, humans this has primarily been based on manipulations value, which tested extinction. Yet, also produces resistance extinction, so role expression unclear. Here, we used contingency degradation task examine relationship between sensitivity humans. Stressed participants displayed similar about associative structure but explicit fails translate into behavioural changes contingency. These results are discussed light implications these findings hold for advancing comprehension stress-driven behaviours – particularly within context psychiatric disorders.

Language: Английский

Leveraging cognitive neuroscience for making and breaking real-world habits

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Habits are the behavioral output of two brain systems. A stimulus-response (S-R) system that encourages us to efficiently repeat well-practiced actions in familiar settings, and a goal-directed concerned with flexibility, prospection, planning. Getting balance between these systems right is crucial: an imbalance may leave people vulnerable action slips, impulsive behaviors, even compulsive behaviors. In this review we examine how recent advances our understanding competing mechanisms can be harnessed increase control over both making breaking habits. We discuss applications everyday life, as well validated emergent interventions for clinical populations affected by As research area accelerates, anticipate rapid influx new insights into intentional change interventions, including opportunities personalization based on neurobiology, environmental context, personal preferences individual.

Language: Английский