A Pulsed-Precipitation Model of Dryland Vegetation Pattern Formation

SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 657 - 693

Published: May 19, 2023

We develop a model for investigating the impact of rainstorm variability on formation banded vegetation patterns in dryland ecosystems. Water input, during rare rainstorms, is modeled as an instantaneous kick to soil water. The redistribution, from surface water moisture, accounts infiltration rate and downslope overland flow speed. These two positive feedbacks between biomass distributions act fast timescales rain storms. During dry periods, classic reaction-diffusion framework used slow processes associated with biomass. This pulsed precipitation predicts that preferred spacing bands determined by characteristic distance storm pulse travels before infiltrating into soil. In this way, pattern ecohydrological may be attuned its pattern. demonstrate how modeling framework, suited stochastic inputs, can investigate possible collapse pattern-forming ecosystem under different identical low annual mean. Model simulations suggest, instance, shorter rainy seasons greater depth both hasten collapse.

Language: Английский

---

Intraspecific competition in models for vegetation patterns: Decrease in resilience to aridity and facilitation of species coexistence

Ecological Complexity, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 42, P. 100835 - 100835

Published: March 1, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Long-range seed dispersal enables almost stationary patterns in a model for dryland vegetation

Journal of Mathematical Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 86(1)

Published: Dec. 17, 2022

Abstract Spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation are a ubiquitous feature semi-arid ecosystems. On sloped terrain, occur as stripes perpendicular to the contours. Field studies report contrasting long-term dynamics between different observation sites; some observe slow uphill migration bands while stationary patterns. In this paper, we show that long-range seed dispersal provides mechanism enables occurrence both migrating and We utilise nonlocal PDE model in which is accounted for by convolution term. The represents periodic travelling waves numerical continuation shows almost stable if distances sufficiently large. use perturbation theory approach obtain analytical confirmation existence patterned solutions provide biological interpretation phenomenon.

Language: Английский

---

Impact of climate change on vegetation patterns in Altay Prefecture, China

Mathematical Medicine and Biology A Journal of the IMA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 53 - 80

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Altay Prefecture, a typical arid region in northwestern China, has experienced the climate transition from warming-drying to warming-wetting since 1980s and attracted widespread attention. Nonetheless, it is still unclear how change influenced distribution of vegetation this region. In paper, reaction–diffusion model climate–vegetation system proposed study impact (precipitation, temperature carbon dioxide concentration) on patterns Prefecture. Our results indicate that tendency growth Prefecture improved gradually 1985 2010. Under current conditions, increase precipitation pattern structures, eventually coverage tends be uniform. Moreover, we found there exists an optimal where spot structure remains stable. Furthermore, concentration induces transition. Based four scenarios Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), used power law range (PLR) predict scenario for sustainable development ecosystem

Language: Английский

---

Bifurcations analysis and pattern formation in a plant-water model with nonlocal grazing

Nonlinear Dynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Spatial and Temporal Variation of GPP and Its Response to Urban Environmental Changes in Beijing

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 396 - 396

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

The carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation is the key to cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. It significant analyze spatiotemporal variation and influencing factors ability improve territorial sink optimize its spatial pattern. However, there a lack understanding impact environmental conditions human activity on vegetation’s ability, especially highly urbanized areas. For example, effective management methods can enhance Gross Primary Productivity, while emissions air pollutants like O3, CO, NO2, PM2.5 suppress it. This paper mainly explores across different regions Beijing. Based remote sensing data site observation data, this analyzed trend Annual Production (AGPP) influence GPP Beijing from 2000 2020 by using Theil−Sen’s slope estimator, Mann−Kendall test, comparing Geographically Weighted Regression method (GWR) Temporally (GTWR). GWR localized multiple regression technique used estimate variable relationships that vary spatially. GTWR extends adding temporal analysis, enabling comprehensive examination variations. Besides, we land use cover discuss change AGPP. results showed distribution pattern was higher northwest lower southeast, it an overall upward 2020, with average annual growth rate 14.39 g C·m−2·a−1. From excluding core urban areas, 95.8% increased, 10.6% increase, concentrated Mentougou, Changping, Miyun. decreased 4.1% significantly 1.4% areas within sixth ring. where AGPP were those types converted Residential (impervious land), other CO NO2 are main driving forces O3 surface temperature (LST) also exert certain influences, precipitation (PRE) relatively minor. have positive as whole, LST generally exhibit negative impacts. PRE has central area Beijing, peripheral study further discusses opinions future urbanization policies which will promote peak neutrality process ecological space conducted at scale rather than sites, encompassing variety Consequently, offer fresh insights into intricate nexus between activities, pollutants, vegetation.

Language: Английский

---

Resolving soil and surface water flux as drivers of pattern formation in Turing models of dryland vegetation: A unified approach

Physica D Nonlinear Phenomena, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 414, P. 132695 - 132695

Published: Aug. 21, 2020

Over the past two decades, multi-component dryland vegetation models have been successful in qualitatively reproducing spatial patterns widely observed nature. In two-component (water, vegetation) Klausmeier model, water flow from bare to vegetated areas drives pattern formation. The more elaborate Rietkerk and Gilad three-component make a distinction between soil surface water. this article three are approximated within unifying framework, with focus on processes that drive formation, order promote understanding of similarities differences these models. Reduction model separate component, single preserves Turing instability all but one cases studied.

Language: Английский

---

The Ecology of Plant Interactions: A Giant with Feet of Clay

Published: Sept. 22, 2020

Community ecologists value the phenomenological observation of plant biotic interactions because they provide assumptions to make predictions other ecosystem features, such as species diversity, community structure, or atmospheric carbon uptake. However, a rising number scientists claim for need mechanistic understanding interactions, due limitations that approach raises both in empirical and modeling studies. Scattered studies take but we still lack an integrated theoretical framework start approaching holistically. In this Review Synthesis, present comprehensive foundation study mechanisms underpinning net interaction between two plants. First, recapitulate elementary units i.e. all known biophysical processes affected by presence influencing possible phenotypic responses influenced plants these processes. Following, discuss how may emerge from simultaneous effect units. We then touch upon spatial temporal variability interaction, scrutinize be linked underlying conclude arguing can why it must necessarily focus on individual scale, incorporate structure community, explicitly account environmental factors.

Language: Английский

---

An Analysis of Runoff Variation in a Small Basin in the Loess Plateau: Identifying the Variation Causes and Implications for Sustainable Water Management

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 9651 - 9651

Published: June 16, 2023

Analyzing the characteristics and causes of runoff variation in a typical small basin is beneficial for ecological restoration Loess Plateau. This study employed series statistical methodologies to examine meteorological changes underlying surface evolution Qishui River Basin (QRB). To differentiate impacts climate change human activities on variation, we applied Choudhury–Yang formula Double Mass Curve (DMC) method. Subsequently, by incorporating future watershed protection strategies various SSP scenarios, utilized Soil Water Assessment Tool simulate while employing DMC identify variation. The results suggested that activity has slightly greater impact than reducing during historical period, with only 1% difference. However, this will as becomes increasingly significant. Human such afforestation have dual effects, encompassing positive effects improving water quality mitigating soil erosion, well negative consequences diminishing local availability exacerbating drought. Effective policies should be implemented, involving use appropriate tree species planting methods, finding an value forest area, monitoring evaluation, etc., order ensure are aligned broader social, economic, environmental goals QRB. These findings provide valuable guidance policy-makers developing management changes.

Language: Английский

---

Species coexistence in resource-limited patterned ecosystems is facilitated by the interplay of spatial self-organisation and intraspecific competition

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2020

Abstract The exploration of mechanisms that enable species coexistence under competition for a sole limiting resource is widespread across ecology. Two examples such facilitative processes are intraspecific and spatial self-organisation. These determine the outcome competitive dynamics in many resource-limited patterned ecosystems, classical which include dryland vegetation patterns, intertidal mussel beds Sub-alpine ribbon forests. Previous theoretical investigations have explained within ecosystems by making strong assumptions on differences between (e.g. contrasting dispersal behaviours or different functional responses to availability). In this paper, I show interplay detrimental effects nature self-organisation forms mechanism does not rely species-specific captures wide range environmental stress gradient. use model interactions two generic consumer with an explicitly modelled relies balance species’ colonisation abilities their local competitiveness, provided sufficiently strong. Crucially, requirements self-limitation occur differ opposite ends input spectrum. For low levels, facilitated superior its abilities, but larger volumes input, locally enables coexistence. Results presented paper also highlight importance hysteresis understanding tipping points, particular extinction events. Finally, framework provides insights into distributions single patches, supporting verbal hypotheses co-existence herbaceous woody patterns suggesting potential empirical tests context other ecosystems.

Language: Английский

---