International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Hypercholesterolemia and inflammation—Cooperative cardiovascular risk factors

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

Abstract Background Maintaining low concentrations of plasma low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) over time decreases the number LDL particles trapped within artery wall, slows progression atherosclerosis and delays age at which mature atherosclerotic plaques develop. This substantially reduces lifetime risk cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events. In this context, plaque development vulnerability result not only from lipid accumulation but also inflammation. Results Changes in composition immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic T B mast cells neutrophils, along with altered cytokine chemokine release, disrupt equilibrium between inflammation anti‐inflammatory mechanisms sites. Considering that it is a competition LDLc inflammation, instead they are partners crime, present narrative review aims to give an overview main inflammatory molecular pathways linked raised describe impact lipid‐lowering approaches on burden. Although remarkable changes driven by most recent lowering combinations, relative reduction C‐reactive protein appears be independent magnitude lowering. Conclusion Identifying clinical biomarkers (e.g. interleukin‐6) possible targets for therapy holds promise monitoring reducing ASCVD burden suitable patients.

Language: Английский

---

Impact of Wall Material Composition (Maltodextrin vs. Inulin vs. Nutriose) and Emulsion Preparation System (Nano- vs. Microemulsion) on Properties of Spray-Dried Linseed Oil

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 171 - 171

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

The aim of this study was to compare the functional properties linseed oil powders made three types wall material (OSA starch + maltodextrin, OSA nutriose, and inulin) two emulsion phases (micro- nanoemulsion). For these independent variables, prepared emulsions (flow curves viscosity) resulting (encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, water activity, bulk tapped density, Carr’s index, color parameters, thermal stability) were determined. results showed that viscosity most powder affected by type. All demonstrated Newtonian-like behavior, with values ranging from 29.07 48.26 mPa·s. addition nutriose induced significant variation in parameter, nanoemulsification leading a 1.6-fold increase compared microemulsification. application prepare prior spray-drying resulted lower surface content (by 78.8–88.5%), density 1.7–14.2%), index 7.6–14.0%), as well higher encapsulation efficiency 5.9–17.0%). decreased oxidative stability 30.9–51.1%) obtained nanoemulsified related 4.7–15.9-fold content. Powders produced using inulin had smallest uniform sizes, showing minimal between derived nano- microemulsified emulsions.

Language: Английский

---

Long‐term fasting induces a remodelling of fatty acid composition in erythrocyte membranes

European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Introduction Long‐term fasting (LF) activates an adaptative response to switch metabolic fuels from food glucose lipids stored in adipose tissues. The increase free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation during triggers health benefits. We questioned if the changes lipid metabolism LF could affect cell membranes humans. thus analysed FA composition erythrocyte (EM) 12.6 ± 3.5 days of and 1 month after reintroduction. Methods A total 98 subjects out three single‐arm interventional studies underwent a medical supervised long‐term (12.6 days) programme. distribution pattern 26 as well HS‐Omega‐3 Index were assessed EM using gas chromatography. Results Eighteen showed significant changes. Within group saturated FA, myristic (14:0) stearic (18:0) decreased while palmitic (16:0) arachid (20:0) increased. While most monounsaturated increased, trans acids or remained unchanged. polyunsaturated arachidonic (20:4n6) docosahexaenoic (22:6n3) linoleic (18:2n6), alpha‐linolenic (18:3n3) eicosapentaenoic (20:5n3) decreased. Consequently, 11 18 with returned baseline levels afterwards. Levels increased over levels. Conclusions EM.

Language: Английский

---

Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with brain connectivity and mood in young adults with subthreshold depression: a preliminary study

Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 204, P. 102664 - 102664

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

The long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) have beneficial effects in depression, these may be mediated via changes functional brain connectivity. However, little is known about those with subthreshold depression. 15 Participants aged 18-29 years Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) scores ≥ 4 Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 (GAD-7) 5, underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-brain, seed-based connectivity analyses were performed using bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) amygdala seeds. Omega-3 -6 PUFA status was assessed from dried bloodspot analysis of %DHA, %EPA, Index (calculated as the sum DHA plus EPA expressed a percentage total measured correction applied blood spot samples used instead erythrocytes) ratio omega-6 arachidonic (ARA) to (ARA/EPA). PHQ-8 indicated depression (mean = 10.0; SD 4.2) negatively associated levels Index. Significant negative associations also identified between OFC angular gyrus Index, while weaker regions lower GAD-7 scores. values significantly greater posterior cingulate cortex, which Higher young adults moderate, but mean rating altered shown play role neurobiology

Language: Английский

---

Plant-Based Burgers in the Spotlight: A Detailed Composition Evaluation and Comprehensive Discussion on Nutrient Adequacy

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 372 - 372

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional profile of commercial plant-based burgers (PBBs) available in Brazil and assess their suitability for fulfilling requirements. Seven PBBs were selected, based on different protein sources used formulations. The proximate mineral compositions evaluated, fatty acid amino profiles determined. contents ranged from 5.25 ± 0.37 13.55 1.16 g/100 g made quinoa a mix proteins, respectively. studied can offer between 46 71% essential (EAA) In addition, total amount EAAs provided requirements established by FAO/UN all PBBs, considering 100 portion intake. fat content 3.51 0.11 12.74 1.93 g. Linoleic oleic major acids three while myristic was one PBB studied. revealed significant differences composition marketed Brazil. Additionally, lack regulation allows considerable variation profiles, making it difficult compare them with those meat burgers.

Language: Английский

---

Association between fish intake and incidence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults after a 6-year follow-up: the Korean frailty and aging cohort study

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Previous studies have suggested beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on sarcopenia. However, the associations dietary fish intake with prevalence sarcopenia are inconsistent, and those incidence has not been studied. This study investigated hypothesis that seafood consumption is inversely associated subsequent Using data from Korean Frailty Aging Cohort Study, 503 non-sarcopenic community-dwelling adults aged 70–84 years were followed-up for 6 years. Sarcopenia was defined according to Asian Working Group 2019 consensus. Dietary assessed using two non-consecutive 24-h recalls at baseline. The 37.8% after 6-year follow-up. oily (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.98–1.00; p trend = 0.046) low gait speed 0.98; 0.97–1.00; 0.016) follow-up, adjusting confounding factors. Consumption total seafood, fish, non-oily or shellfish significantly its parameters, such as muscle mass, handgrip strength, usual speed, 5-times sit-to-stand test, Short Physical Performance Battery. findings demonstrate could be in preventing sarcopenia, particularly by improving older adults, suggesting a strategy reduce risk.

Language: Английский

---

Lipid metabolism and therapy: another year of exciting advances

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 51 - 53

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

aLaboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery, Department Gastroenterology, Faculty Medicine, University Sao Paulo, São Brazil bSchool Human Development Health, Southampton cNIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Southampton, UK Correspondence to Philip C. Calder, School IDS Building, MP887 General Hospital, Tremona Road, SO16 6YD, UK. E-mail: [email protected]

Language: Английский

---

Increasing the Omega-3 Index of Endurance Trained Adults: A Pilot Study Comparing Microencapsulated Algae to Fish Powders Provided as Chewable Tablets

Recent Progress in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 05(01), P. 1 - 16

Published: March 19, 2025

Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), support heart function during exercise recovery by incorporating into the cardiac cell membranes. Traditionally sourced from fish oil, algae-derived LCn-3PUFA have become alternative in supplemental forms. This study evaluated whether 12 weeks supplementation of a microencapsulated algal delivered as chewable tablets, would perform equivalently to fish-derived boosting Omega-3 Index (O3I; erythrocyte membrane EPA + DHA%) endurance athletes. Sixteen endurance-training adults (13 males, 3 females) supplemented daily tablets (6/d) with fish-oil (FO; 142 mg/d 631 DHA) or algal-oil (AO; 21 595 for weeks. Baseline body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance, whole blood profiles were before after supplementation. Additionally, participants maintained self-recorded weekly training diary. Fat mass (%) equivalent between groups (FO: 9.18 ± 4.78%; AO: 9.94 5.09%; P > 0.05). Weekly times also comparable 568 242 minutes; 579 208 0.05), initial O3I groups. Both showed significant post-supplementation increases pre, 4.85 0.42%, post, 6.48 0.52%; 4.30 0.54%, 6.06 0.70%; < 0.01 within each group) there no difference levels (P = 0.467). In context training, algal-derived (~600 DHA tablet) equally effective those derived terms elevating body’s over months. Athletes following plant-based diet may indeed consider an source part their quality attainment DHA.

Language: Английский

---

The role of n-3-derived specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in microglial mitochondrial respiration and inflammation resolution in Alzheimer’s disease

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 21, 2025

Language: Английский

---