Metals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(12), P. 1428 - 1428
Published: Dec. 13, 2024
High-strength
steels
such
as
Dual
Phase
(DP),
Transformation-Induced
Plasticity
(TRIP),
and
Twinning-Induced
(TWIP)
have
gained
importance
in
automotive
applications
due
to
the
potential
for
weight
reduction
increased
performance
crash
tests.
However,
resistance
increases,
there
is
also
an
increase
springback
residual
stresses
after
forming
process.
This
mainly
because
of
greater
elastic
region
these
materials
other
factors
associated
with
strain
hardening,
Bauschinger
effect,
that
brings
theory
kinematic
hardening
mathematical
modeling.
means
finite
element
software
must
consider
properties
so
simulation
can
accurately
predict
behavior.
Currently,
this
knowledge
still
not
widespread
since
it
has
never
been
used
conventional
materials.
Additionally,
engineers
researchers
use
Forming
Limit
Diagram
(FLD)
curve
their
studies.
does
fully
represent
actual
failure
limit
materials,
especially
high-strength
Based
on
this,
Fracture
(FFLD)
emerged,
which
proposes
resolve
limitations.
Thus,
review
aims
focus
how
methods
all
modeling,
when
comes
responses
steels.
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
282, P. 109640 - 109640
Published: Aug. 11, 2024
The
anisotropic
behavior
of
cold-rolled
sheet
metals
has
been
extensively
studied,
typically
characterized
by
uniaxial
loading
tests
in
different
directions
to
determine
yield
strengths
and
plastic
flow
(Lankford
r-values).
However,
biaxial
principal
stress
states
often
focus
solely
on
loci
the
RD/TD
(rolling/transverse)
directions,
with
limited
studies
other
directions.
This
study
analyzes
relationship
between
material
based
Hill48
function.
Biaxial
tensile
are
conducted
DP590
high-strength
steel
using
cruciform
specimens
cut
various
from
evolution
locus
under
beyond
traditional
is
revealed.
Furthermore,
a
modified
model
that
considers
any
direction
proposed,
accurately
describing
continuous
equi-biaxial
tension
stress,
near-plane
strain
for
loading.
issues
failing
predict
loadings
original
model,
degraded
representation
existing
constitutive
models
when
accounting
out-of-plane
anisotropy
addressed
decoupling
parameters
state.
In
addition,
proposed
calibration
strategy
parameters,
experimental
data
loading,
effectively
captures
caused
changes
Comprehensive
evaluation
verification
plasticity
should
consider
also
normal
shear
planes.
Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(10), P. 2220 - 2220
Published: May 11, 2025
The
accuracy
of
numerical
predictions
in
sheet
metal
processes
involving
multiaxial
stress–strain
states
(e.g.,
blanking,
riveting,
and
incremental
forming)
heavily
depends
on
the
characterisation
plastic
anisotropy
under
loading
conditions.
A
fully
calibrated
3D
model
is
essential
for
this
purpose.
While
in-plane
material
behaviour
can
be
conventionally
characterised
through
uniaxial
equi-biaxial
tensile
tests,
calibrating
out-of-plane
remains
a
significant
challenge.
This
behaviour,
governed
by
shear
stress
associated
parameters,
typically
described
yielding.
These
parameters
are
notoriously
difficult
to
determine,
leading
researchers
frequently
assume
isotropic
or
identical
responses.
Although
advanced
calibrations
may
utilise
crystal
plasticity
modelling,
there
critical
need
macro-mechanical
methods.
paper
presents
an
testing
procedure
based
full-field
strain
measurements
using
digital
image
correlation
(DIC).
Strains
within
zone
measured
via
DIC
employed
Finite
Element
Model
Updating
(FEMU)
identify
2.42
mm
thick,
cold-rolled
AW5754-H22
aluminium
alloy
sheet,
Yld2004-18p
yield
criterion.
Given
that
characteristic
response
at
scale
influenced
local
structure
surface,
evaluates
feasibility
such
measurements.
Finally,
test
validity
full-field-based
approach,
FEMU-identified
compared
against
results
obtained
classical
optimisation
force-elongation
from
zone.
