Relationship between prognostic nutritional index and asthma: a cross-sectional analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the airways. The association between nutritional status, inflammation, and asthma has been well-documented, yet relationship Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) remains unclear. This study to see whether there PNI prevalence. present employed data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017 2020, including total 7,869 adult participants were included in analysis. Participants categorized into four quartiles based on levels. A multivariable regression model was for purpose evaluating correlation asthma. In order ascertain stability across different populations, subgroup analyses performed. Higher levels significantly associated with lower complete adjusted model, each additional unit 3% reduction prevalence [0.97 (0.95, 0.99)]. Trend analysis indicated significant negative (p trend = 0.0041). Subgroup showed consistent populations. findings our that values linked an elevated odds Early intervention management high-risk populations low may reduce incidence severity Future prospective studies are needed confirm this relationship.

Language: Английский

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Adolescent Obesity and Charlson Comorbidity Index in Young Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 873 - 873

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Background: There is insufficient evidence regarding the independent risk of childhood/adolescent obesity for morbidity and mortality in adulthood. The objective present study was to evaluate association weight categories during adolescence with high-risk diseases determined by Charlson Comorbidity Index young We also analyzed cumulative at age 30. Methods: A retrospective cohort study, based on central computerized database a major health service organization, conducted. population consisted 80,853 adolescents. period from 1 January 2007 31 December 2022 divided into exposure 2011 (ages 17–19) follow-up (from date defining BMI measurement up 30 years). Results: five highest incidence were chronic pulmonary disease (8.2%), mild liver (3.7%), cerebrovascular (2.8%), diabetes without end-organ damage (2.0%), peptic (1.6%). When adjusted socio-demographic variables adult BMI, relative risks 95% confidence intervals increase 1.11 (1.05–1.17), 1.17 (1.11–1.24), 1.22 (1.09–1.35) “overweight”, “obesity”, “class 2 obesity” categories, respectively, while these 1.60 (1.11–2.27), 1.71 (1.12–2.57), 3.18 (1.48–6.35), respectively. Conclusions: Adolescent an factor Interventions aimed reducing rate adolescent overweight should be implemented as early possible.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the Research of Retinoic Acid in Asthmatic Airway Inflammation

Journal of Clinical Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 04(02), P. 1179 - 1185

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Updated biomarkers for extracellular traps from neutrophil, monocyte, and M1 macrophage in neutrophilic asthma: a narrative review

Y HOC TP HO CHI MINH, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 1 - 16

Published: March 6, 2025

Asthma, a common chronic inflammatory condition in the airways, significantly impacts individuals across all age groups and poses substantial global health burden. Despite availability of conventional treatments, considerable proportion asthmatic patients continue to experience uncontrolled asthma symptoms. This review focuses on neutrophilic (NA), challenging endotype characterized by lower lung function, higher frequency symptom exacerbations, poorer response standard therapies. NA is typically diagnosed an increase presence airway neutrophils, as identified sputum profile analysis. However, this method not always available resource-limited settings. Therefore, remains public concern that still under-researched under-diagnosed. Immune cell activation their extracellular traps (ETs) could initiate signaling pathways, resulting damage asthma. These ETs released significant quantities DNA, process governed cytokines interleukin (IL)-8 tumor necrosis factor-alpha. As result, several investigations have these molecules established biomarkers explored therapies desinged modulate neutrophil (NETs), monocyte (MoETs), M1 macrophage (M1ETs). Recent findings indicate C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 like 2, calcium-binding protein A9, serum amyloid A1, IL-1β promote NET formation, whereas chemoattractant protein-1 soluble regulation tumorigenicity 2 are essential components MoETs M1ETs. emerging predictors for NETs, MoETs, aims discuss pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, treatment options NA, emphasizing role M1ETs exacerbating inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Global, Regional, and National Temporal Trend and Patterns of Change in the Burden of Asthma From 1990 to 2021: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(5)

Published: April 5, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Asthma presents a significant challenge to the global healthcare systems and imposes heavy socioeconomic burden. Previous studies had geographical limitations lacked comprehensive analysis. The study utilises data from 2021 Global Burden of Disease ( GBD ) assess global, regional, national burden asthma 1990 2021. It examines disease trends, highlights health inequalities aims provide scientific evidence for future public strategies optimisation resource allocation. Methods Data were used estimate incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) across 21 regions 204 countries territories Temporal trends analysed, relationship between socio‐demographic index (SDI) was examined using smoothing spline model. Analyses included slope inequality concentration disparities, frontier analysis achievable outcomes based on development levels, decomposition identify drivers changes in DALYs number. Results Over past three decades, age‐standardised has declined, with mortality DALY rates decreasing by 46% 44%, respectively. However, absolute number deaths increased 17%, particularly among females, especially low low‐middle SDI regions. Significant persist, high‐SDI benefiting better control, while low‐SDI face disproportionate burdens due disparities. Frontier gaps current optimal require investment control. Aging, population growth, epidemiological are key trends. High body mass (BMI) remains leading risk factor, smoking occupational exposures continue contribute significantly. Conclusions yet regional disparities experiencing higher limited access environmental risks. BMI, remain contributors, requiring targeted interventions lifestyle modifications.

Language: Английский

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Global, regional, and national impacts of smoking on asthma burden among middle-aged and older adults: changing landscape from 1990 to 2021

Published: May 9, 2025

Background Smoking exposure is a leading cause of asthma. This study used the Global Burden Disease (GBD) database (1990–2021) to analyze global, regional, and national burden asthma induced by smoking in middle-aged older adults. Methods Data on deaths, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Age-Standardized Death Rate (ASDR), Mortality (ASMR) from were extracted. Multiple figures created illustrate smoking-related The Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) predict future trends. Results In 2021, caused 29,139 deaths (95% UI: 3,307–59,819) 839,802 DALYs 94,016–1,635,936). ASR peaked 70–74 age group. And men have higher values than women most regions. India had highest number (13,121; 95% 1,194–30,815) (310,802; 29,822–690,977), while Nepal recorded ASDR (13.58; 1.35–30.73). A negative correlation between Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) EAPC was observed for (ρ = -0.6, p < 2.2e-16) -0.46, 3.7e-12). Projections suggest that 2040, ASMR will decrease 0.48 0.43–0.52) 19.58 19.05–22.11), respectively. Conclusions significantly impacts asthma, with varying effects age, sex, region. elderly adults expected decline, underscoring importance promoting smoke-free society.

Language: Английский

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Decoding innate lymphoid cells and innate-like lymphocytes in asthma: pathways to mechanisms and therapies

Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(1)

Published: May 12, 2025

Abstract Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease driven by complex interplay between innate and adaptive immune components. Among these, lymphoid cells (ILCs) innate-like lymphocytes have emerged as crucial players in shaping the phenotype. Within ILC family, group 2 ILCs (ILC2s), particular, contribute significantly to type inflammation through their rapid production of cytokines such IL-5 IL-13, promoting airway eosinophilia hyperreactivity. On other hand, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) can play either pathogenic or protective roles asthma, depending on stimuli microenvironment. Regulatory mechanisms, including cytokine signaling, metabolic dietary cues, interactions with cells, critical modulating functions. In this review, we highlight current findings role asthma development pathogenesis. We also examine underlying mechanisms regulating function cells. Finally, explore therapies targeting these effector for management.

Language: Английский

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Effect of educational intervention on quality of life of asthma patients: A systematic review

Medical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(145), P. 1 - 17

Published: March 31, 2024

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder that causes shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness.It affected 262 million people globally in 2019 resulted 455,000 deaths.In Europe, only 6% the population was affected.Various treatments, including SABA (Short-Acting Beta Agonists) for adult asthma patients inhaled corticosteroids maintenance are used to manage prevent worsening asthma.Methodology: This review examines impact educational interventions on quality life Europe.It uses electronic databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest Google Scholar manual searching follows preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.From pool 22269 studies, 30 studies met inclusion criteria.These specifically focused assessing among patients.Results: The show patients' significantly improved after intervention, with pharmacist led interventional programs physician guidelines played significant role.Stress management smoking cessation essential managing symptoms, but anxiety depression major co-founders.Conclusion: reveals enhance patients, providing valuable insights healthcare providers both pharmacological non-pharmacological management.

Language: Английский

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Expert consensus on oral corticosteroids stewardship for the treatment of severe asthma in the Middle East and Africa

Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 228, P. 107674 - 107674

Published: May 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Comparison of clinical research trends and hotspots in allergic rhinitis and asthma from 2013 to 2023 based on bibliometric analysis

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. e32829 - e32829

Published: June 1, 2024

To analyze and compare clinical research trends hot topics in allergic rhinitis (AR) asthma provide valuable theoretical data references for future research.

Language: Английский

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