Liquid biopsies in cancer

Molecular Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 20, 2025

Abstract Cancer ranks among the most lethal diseases worldwide. Tissue biopsy is currently primary method for diagnosis and biological analysis of various solid tumors. However, this has some disadvantages related to insufficient tissue specimen collection intratumoral heterogeneity. Liquid a noninvasive approach identifying cancer-related biomarkers in peripheral blood, which allows repetitive sampling across multiple time points. In field liquid biopsy, representative include circulating tumor cells (CTCs), DNA (ctDNA), exosomes. Many studies have evaluated prognostic predictive roles CTCs ctDNA Although these limitations, results appear consistently demonstrate correlations high CTC counts mutations with lower survival rates cancer patients. Similarly, reduction throughout therapy may be potential indicator treatment response advanced Moreover, biochemical characteristics can provide information about biology as well resistance mechanisms against targeted therapy. This review discusses current clinical applications patients, emphasizing its possible utility outcome prediction decision-making.

Language: Английский

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Direct Fluorescence Anisotropy Detection of miRNA Based on Duplex-Specific Nuclease Signal Amplification

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2025

The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with various diseases, including cancer, so miRNAs are considered a potential biomarker candidate for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, the direct, rapid, sensitive, specific detection remains quite challenging due to their short length, sequence homology, low abundance. Herein, we propose simple homogeneous fluorescence anisotropy (FA) strategy direct rapid (∼35 min) quantification miRNA-21 based on duplex-specific nuclease (DSN)-assisted signal amplification. In presence target miRNA-21, complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes labeled single fluorophore, tetramethylrhodamine (TMR), specifically hydrolyzed into small fragments by endonuclease DSN upon formation DNA/RNA hybrid, which leads reduction in FA decrease molecular size. miRNA intact during enzymatic digestion process released solution next round binding, hydrolysis, release recycling. It observed that ssDNA probe TMR at 5'-end, fluorophore nine nucleotides away from nearest dG base eliminate/reduce photoinduced electron transfer interaction between base, exhibits maximum change response miRNA-21. enables sensitive ranging 0.050 2.0 nM, limit 40 pM. addition, this amplification high selectivity can even discriminate single-base mutations family members. We further applied method detect extract cancer cell lines. Therefore, holds great analysis tissues or cells, providing valuable information biomedical research, clinical diagnostics, therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

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Molybdenum-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection: Advances and Challenges

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 21

Published: April 21, 2025

Breast cancer, which is considered the most common type of cancer among women worldwide, estimated to reach 4.4 million cases in 2070. Early diagnosis has become very important prevent this expected increase. Various traditional methods, such as mammography, biopsy, enzyme immunoassay (EI), liquid immunohistochemistry (IGH), fluorescence situ hybridization (FISH) are used diagnose breast but fact that these methods expensive, have low sensitivity, and cause mutations tissues due X-rays led researchers discover faster, more cost-effective, easily detectable methods. In particular, increased levels new blood-based biomarkers circulation can be detected sensitively selectively by electrochemical facilitate early disease screening rapid diagnosis. This comprehensive review focuses on prevalence pathology clinical sensors molybdenum-based compounds for detection various recent years. Electrochemical analysis studies carried out field years compiled aptamer-based, nucleotide-based, immunosensors. The chemical properties molybdenum discussed, modifications electrode surface discussed under 4 headings: drop casting, electrodeposition, atomic layer deposition, electrophoretic deposition.

Language: Английский

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Advanced strategies for screening and identifying RNA-targeted small molecules: Bridging therapeutic potential and innovation

Results in Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102305 - 102305

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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