Research Freedom and Access to Knowledge in Archaeological Research… on Human Remains: Legal And Extra-Legal Perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Paweł Mazur, Ewa Nowak

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Iuridica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109, P. 141 - 175

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Present-day bioarchaeology of human remains has a complex, normative foundations, and this results in nearly paradigmatic shift research conducted that discipline science. This article first introduces the manifold non-scientific significance mortuary sites essentials bioarchaeological as well. It subsequently examines concept freedom context international domestic regulations. Each state regulates distinctly. The outlines diplomatic pathway for undertaking abroad. We then examine (de)colonial, indigenous, religious, political contexts which extra-legal regulations on study also gain validity. leads to pluralism, sources justification we analyse examplify. Such pluralism unveils deficits positive legal regulation various discussed research. Our is support researchers dealing with challenges – extralegal when it comes remains.

Language: Английский

New insights of cultural cannibalism amongst Magdalenian groups at Maszycka Cave, Poland DOI Creative Commons
Francesc Marginedas, Palmira Saladié, Marta Połtowicz-Bobak

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

The manipulation of human corpses started to become commonplace during the Upper Paleolithic. This well-documented behavior among Magdalenian peoples consists perimortem and removal soft tissues has been understood as forming part cultural repertoire mortuary actions. study these practices given rise several interpretations with consumption flesh (cannibalism) occupying a central position. assemblage Maszycka Cave (18,000 cal. BP) is this ongoing debate. Although initial research in 1990s suggested cannibalism, more recent studies challenge interpretation arguing that low incidence activity rule out likelihood processing for purpose proposing skull selection funerary practice. reviews presents previously unpublished postcranial skeletal specimens along evidence whole-body consumption. also observed other chronologically culturally similar assemblages throughout continental Europe, suggesting cannibalism was integral practice within systems groups.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Projectile weapon injuries in the Riparo Tagliente burial (Veneto, Italy) provide early evidence of Late Upper Paleolithic intergroup conflict DOI Creative Commons
Vitale Sparacello, Ursula Thun Hohenstein, Francesco Boschin

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Non-masticatory striations on human teeth from the British Upper Palaeolithic to the Neolithic DOI Creative Commons
Lucile Crété, Simon A. Parfitt, Charles S. Day

et al.

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract Non-masticatory labial striations on human anterior teeth are a form of cultural dental wear well recorded throughout the Pleistocene, which has been interpreted as resulting from use mouth ‘third hand’ when processing different materials during daily activities, such cutting meat or working hides with stone tools. scratches have also reported buccal surface molars and premolars, although at far lower frequency compared to dentition. Previous studies observed an apparent decrease through time in occurrence non-masticatory teeth, appearing be rare for Neolithic earlier periods. This study further tests this previously pattern analysis over 900 20 sites across England Wales dating Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, discuss distribution aetiology British archaeological record. To record assess micro-morphometric characteristics these alterations, macroscopic microscopic analytical techniques were used. Results show that still found decreased hunter-gatherer (Upper Palaeolithic Mesolithic) samples. may partly due changes diets food methods, types processed manual handling arising inception Britain. The sample includes Mesolithic likely associated funerary practices cannibalistic treatment cadavers. Analyses marks suggest inflicted post-mortem cadavers cannibalism differ their location micro-morphology, produced life individual using hand’.

Language: Английский

Citations

3

Drawing in the depths: spatial organization patterns related to Magdalenian cave art DOI Creative Commons
Iñaki Intxaurbe, Diego Gárate Maidagán, Martín Arriolabengoa

et al.

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7)

Published: June 15, 2024

Abstract The creation of rock art in the deep areas caves was one most unique symbolic activities Magdalenian societies southwestern Europe between 13.5 and 21 thousand years ago. Previous research has suggested that these works were not placed at random but rather their location corresponds to a pre-established structure. However, despite suggestive idea pre-planning decoration endokarst, it is challenging demonstrate relationship different them immediate spatial context due lack common objective criteria. In this study, we have examined iconographic characteristics 500 graphic units nine Cantabrian Pyrenees mountain ranges (southwestern Europe) identify patterns construction based on cave location. We designed workflow includes geomorphological analysis for virtual reconstruction state during Magdalenian, (GU) through geographic information systems (GIS) using Python script, multivariate statistical study parameters figures. This allowed us groups figures: some specifically created be seen, various techniques selecting locations with good visibility, accessibility, or capacity accommodate people, while others sought opposite. There also correlation used caves, perhaps aiming resource economization. These data support existence uses sectors period.

Language: Английский

Citations

2

Taphonomic Approach to the Interpretation of Isolated Human Skulls: Distinguishing Natural from Intentional Deposition DOI Creative Commons
Silvia M. Bello, Lucile Crété

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Abstract The human cranium is probably the most common single anatomical element manipulated after death of individual. However, it not uncommon to find isolated crania for which difficult unequivocally determine nature deposition, either intentional or natural. In order establish whether naturally deposited and intentionally skulls are characterised by different taphonomic patterns, we evaluated state preservation 75 (68 7 deposited) from sites in Africa, Europe, Near East Asia, approximately 2 million 20,000 years BP. As a comparative reference, pattern further 101 individuals buried primary deposition at two cemeteries. Finally, breakage skull-cups (skulls modified manufactured into bowls) mimics natural skull breakage, analysed 19 archaeological ethnographic contexts. Preservation patterns were using Zonation method Landmark method. Results suggest that have similar found cemeteries, both these categories, generally better preserved than skulls. also significantly differs skull-cups, suggesting unlikely fashioned manner imitates patterns.

Language: Английский

Citations

1

Odontological, pathological and contextual patterns of the Late Glacial human tooth assemblage from Level E at Balma Guilanyà (south-eastern Pyrenees, Iberian Peninsula) DOI Creative Commons
Sergio Arenas del Amo, Josué Ricardo López, Jorge Martínez‐Moreno

et al.

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9)

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Abstract Balma Guilanyà shelter (north-eastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) contains a stratigraphic sequence spanning the Late Upper Palaeolithic to early Holocene. During excavations from 1992 2008, seventeen human teeth, and several cranial postcranial bones were unearthed layer E (Late Glacial). In this contribution, we report new unpublished dental remains, which add previously assemblage level at Guilanyà. The purpose of article is provide an updated description morphology material, as well analysis MNI, age death, presence pathologies, approaching it holistic vision teeth Glacial. This review has made possible diagnose dens invaginatus , persistence deciduous upper central incisor (possibly caused by mesiodens ), with cavities, deep occlusal pits conducive cariogenesis, atypical lower second molar molars fused roots. pattern anomalies attributed single individual (Individual III) not usual among hunter-gatherers who lived 13,000 years ago. Likewise, enamel hypoplasia in allows us discuss aetiology. These identifiers derived can help extend our knowledge pathologies stress markers Glacial Homo sapiens populations Western Europe. Additionally, accumulation two individuals found confined area excavation was examined. Potential scenarios assessed regarding arrangement grouping, presents challenges attributing its formation post-depositional or natural processes. would have potential elucidate behavioural funerary practices late glacial hunter-gatherer populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

The Archaeology of Cannibalism: a Review of the Taphonomic Traits Associated with Survival and Ritualistic Cannibalism DOI Creative Commons
Silvia M. Bello

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(1)

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Abstract Taphonomic studies of osteoarchaeological human assemblages have mainly focused on establishing recognisable markers that allow us to discriminate between humanly induced modifications from natural causes, or how differentiate cannibalism secondary burial. Less attention has been dedicated recognise specific taphonomic patterns associated with the different motivations for cannibalism. In this paper, I present a review archaeological whose interpreted either as survival ritualistic cannibalism, based their association historic and ethnographic evidence. The broad range butchery modification observed these suggests osteological evidence frequency traits alone cannot be used unequivocally identify forms However, environmental, historical contexts can offer indications type practiced. particular, strongest arguments event are found within environmental context opportunistic behaviour cannibalistic act. On other hand, comes its recurrent appearance context, widespread activity over time an established customary group involved.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Research Freedom and Access to Knowledge in Archaeological Research… on Human Remains: Legal And Extra-Legal Perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Paweł Mazur, Ewa Nowak

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Iuridica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109, P. 141 - 175

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Present-day bioarchaeology of human remains has a complex, normative foundations, and this results in nearly paradigmatic shift research conducted that discipline science. This article first introduces the manifold non-scientific significance mortuary sites essentials bioarchaeological as well. It subsequently examines concept freedom context international domestic regulations. Each state regulates distinctly. The outlines diplomatic pathway for undertaking abroad. We then examine (de)colonial, indigenous, religious, political contexts which extra-legal regulations on study also gain validity. leads to pluralism, sources justification we analyse examplify. Such pluralism unveils deficits positive legal regulation various discussed research. Our is support researchers dealing with challenges – extralegal when it comes remains.

Language: Английский

Citations

0